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Biomedical subjects

D Gullo

Publications and source records attributed to D Gullo.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Hysteroscopic patterns in women receiving replacement estrogen therapy.

There is general agreement that unopposed estrogen therapy can cause cystic hyperplasia of the endometrial mucosa, and it is also possible a progression of this lesion towards borderline forms of hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in patients where there is a predisposition. The Authors report their experience of a combined, hysteroscopic and histological, study made on a group of patients who had undergone cyclic therapy with conjugated estrogens. In this group the more complex forms of hyperplasia were found in those patients treated with the higher dose of estrogens. The Authors emphasize that cyclic therapy of small doses of estrogens associated with 7-12 days of progestins every month can prevent or correct endometrial cystic hyperplasia. The microhysteroscope is a new instrument very simple to use; because of its accuracy, it makes the gynecologist able to perform an immediate endo-uterine diagnosis, thus avoiding some of the other techniques used in the examination of the uterine cavity; in the Authors experience this very interesting endoscopic method has proved to be extremely useful in the controls of patients receiving replacement hormone treatment for menopausal troubles.

Endometrium↗
PubMed1982

[Proposal for a purely echographic classification of the polycystic ovary syndrome].

The authors analyze the application of ultrasonography in the morphological classification of PCO and standardize the types into three groups, which are directly linked in their progression from I to III with ovarian dimensions, with the number of follicular cysts and with the age of the patients, and which are inversely linked with the quantity of ovarian stroma and with the dimensions of the follicles themselves. Their conclusions regarding this auxiliary technique of examination and of prognostic and therapeutic evaluation are definitely positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, (O.H.S.).

The Authors have considered the possibility of avoiding the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, (O.H.S.), in women undergoing treatment with ovulation inductors, (Clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin) by means of repetitive ultrasonographic scansion beginning from the eleventh day of the cycle. They have come to the conclusion that there should be a routine use of ultrasound in order to avoid the moderate and severe forms of this syndrome.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1981

Nomifensine in the diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia.

The Authors try out Nomifensine, a new antidepressant drug which activates dopaminergic neurotransmission by inhibiting the DA reuptake. The patients tested consisted of: 11 normoprolactinemic control patients; 2 hyperprolactinemic patients with sellar alterations; 5 hyperprolactinemic patients with no radiological alterations; 6 patients with micro-adenomas; 1 patient with macroadenoma. We administered 200 mg of the drug orally and then took blood samples for 4 hours. We conclude positively that nomifensine is a useful complement to the diagnostic collage for discriminating between tumorous and non-tumorous hyperprolactinemia, and we look forward to further research which will increase the literature on this subject and which will explain some mechanisms and effects which have not yet been clarified, and we hope that this research will further prove the importance of the test.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of cervico-isthmic incompetence during pregnancy.

The Authors analyze the use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and therapy of cervical incompetence during pregnancy in 18 cases of pathology and in 14 control cases. The resulting isthmic diameters are, respectively, as follows: 31.4 +/- 5.1 mm (M +/- SD) and 21.7 +/- 3.4 mm (M +/- SD). These results are highly significant, (P 0.001). We are therefore in favor of the use of this new test, which is less traumatic, and should be added to those methods which are already known.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The resistant ovary syndrome la sindrome da ovaio resistente.

After briefly recapitulating present-day knowledge on this recently identified syndrome with its polymorphic clinical and laboratory pattern, the authors describe three cases that have come to their attention. The most interesting was case III which was successfully treated on the basis of analogous reports found in the literature, with large doses of HMG-HCG in spite of the apparent "physiological absurdity" of this treatment. The authors stress the discrepancy frequently observed between functional diagnosis and histological findings; they suggest some possible explanations but stress the need for further research in order to clarify the nature of the functional damage in these patients and the level at which it is situated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gamete intrafallopian transfer: different routes of transfer.

The Authors report their own experience and results using different approaches to oocyte pick-up and gamete transfer for gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). The overall pregnancy rate of GIFT is 35.86% (66 pregnancies on 184 cases of GIFT). The Protocol I (Laparoscopic oocyte retrieval and gamete transfer) is presently the more used and gives better clinical results (pregnancy rate of 37.7%); in the Author's opinion, the protocols III (echographic pick-up + IVF + laparoscopic delayed zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), and VII (Laparotomic pick-up and transfer) are interesting complementary techniques for GIFT.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct intraperitoneal insemination (DIPI) for the treatment of refractory infertility unrelated to female organic pelvic disease.

344 couples with infertility unrelated to female organic pelvic disease underwent Direct Intraperitoneal Insemination (DIPI) for a total of a 429 DIPI cycles. Pregnancy per couple was 16.5% and per DIPI cycle 13.2%. DIPI was particularly effective in cases of infertility due to cervical mucus insufficiency and unexplained infertility with results respectively of 33.7% and 30.4% per couple and 30.7% and 28.7% per DIPI cycle. On the contrary, the results regarding male subfertility were 12.5% per couple and 10.5% per DIPI cycle. A significant difference was found (X2 A = 16.48, p less than 0.001) between these results and those of the group composed of cases of cervical mucus insufficiency and unexplained infertility. In cases of antisperm iso- and autoimmunization the results were on the whole poor, and were in any case influenced by corticosteroid pretreatment. The Pellet Swim-up Test (PST) proved to be a good prognostic sign for success of DIPI, since a significant difference was found between the PST group greater than or equal to 1.5 X 10(6)/ml (pregnancy per couple was 19.7% and per DIPI cycle 17.2%) and PST group less than 1.5 X 10(6)/ml (pregnancy per couple was 6.8% and per DIPI cycle was 4.5%) (X2 = 11.4. P less than 0.001).

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indirect immuno-bead test in the seminal plasma and in the serum for the diagnosis of antisperm autoimmunization in male infertile patients.

125 male subjects belonging to infertile couples with negative or doubtful PCT underwent the following tests: IgG MAR Test, seminal TAT, indirect IgG-IgA-IgM-IBT in the seminal plasma, serum TAT, serum SIT, serum IgG-IgA-IgM-IBT. There was no significant difference in the incidence of autoimmunized patients and those resulting from classical testing methods (IgG MAR Test, seminal and serum TAT, serum SIT) (16%), and the results of the indirect IBT in the seminal plasma and in the serum (16.8%). The IBT showed an increase which was not, however, statistically significant in subjects with concomitant local and general autoimmunization, compared to the classical methods, (13.6% in the subjects examined versus 10.4%). There was a statistical significant difference between the results of the indirect IgA-IBT in the seminal plasma and those of the IgG MAR Test, (19 versus 12 positive patients, chi2 = 6.05, p less than 0.05). Furthermore, in 88.2% of the cases with concomitant positivity, the indirect IgA-IBT in the seminal plasma showed higher values than the indirect IgG-IBT in the seminal plasma. There was no significant difference between the results of the classical methods and the serum IBT, whereas both in the semen and in the serum the beads adhered mainly to the tail plus the tail up considering only the nemaspermic portion with the highest relative rate of adhered beads.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An ELISA for antisperm antibody detection in serum: comparison with TAT and SIT in serum, with MAR-test, immunobead-test and TAT in semen and with micro-SIT in cervical mucus.

16 couples belonging to couples with negative or doubtful PCT were selected according to the presence of antisperm immunization. 12 patients, 5 male and 7 female, showed both localized and generalized immunization. The former was diagnosed by means of a positive IgG MAR-Test, direct IgG Immunobead-Test, direct IgG Immunobead-Test and seminal TAT in the male patients, and Micro-SIT in the cervical mucus of the female patients, while for the latter there was simultaneous positivity of both serum TAT and SIT, except for two cases, in which the SIT only was positive. The 4 remaining patients, 2 male and 2 female, did not show any signs of antisperm immunization. The evaluation of the antisperm antibodies by means of the ZER ELISA Antisperm Kit in the serum of the 16 patients examined showed that there were no significant statistical differences between the serum TAT and the SIT. The former showed agreement of the results in 93.75% of the cases, and the latter in 81.25%. A strict correlation was observed between the ELISA for serum antisperm antibodies (ELISA-AS-Abs) and the local immunitary situation, with agreement in 93.75% of the cases. The ELISA-AS-Abs seems to bring the advantage of eliminating the need for fresh semen for antibody titration and also means that there is no subjective interference with the evaluation of the results.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

One year's experience with the GIFT method.

From January 1985 to December 1985 we have performed 83 GIFTS for various indications such as unexplained infertility, immunological problems, endometriosis, male factor, fimbrial pathology. In 82 women out of 83, oocytes and sperm have been transferred and 31 pregnancies (37.8%) have been obtained. Twelve women have delivered 17 babies; 11 pregnancies are ongoing, 7 have been interrupted by an abortion and 1 by a tubal pregnancy. The present and future roles of GIFT in the treatment of infertility is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro fertilization as an out-patient procedure.

A new, non invasive method for IVF/ET is discussed. Twenty infertile patients were involved in an outpatient procedure; less risk for them, because of local anaesthesia and low costs for the clinic are the most remarkable advantages of this procedure. Four normal ongoing pregnancies followed this treatment.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT): a new technique for the treatment of unexplained infertility.

The Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT) was carried out in 12 couples with unexplained infertility, in 2 cases with infertility associated with mild endometriosis, in 1 case of hostile mucus and 3 cases in which phymosis of the ampulla and/or periadnexal adhesions were previously identified. In 7 couples GIFT was carried out after several AID cycles for husband azoospermia or severe oligospermia. Three different protocols were used for the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. In all cases an adequate follicular growth was obtained and mature oocytes were recovered. At first attempt 12 ongoing pregnancies (1 triplet, 1 twin) were obtained with a present pregnancy rate of 48%.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metformin and insulin receptors.

We evaluated the effect of metformin (N,N-dimethylbiguanide), a biguanide known to be less toxic than phenformin, on insulin binding to its receptors, both in vitro and in vivo. Specific 125I-insulin binding to cultured IM-9 human lymphocytes and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was determined after preincubation with metformin. Specific 125I-insulin binding to circulating monocytes was also evaluated in six controls, eight obese subjects, and six obese type II diabetic patients before and after a short-term treatment with metformin (850 mg orally, b.i.d., for 4 days). Plasma insulin levels and blood glucose were also measured on both occasions. Metformin significantly increased insulin binding in vitro to both IM-9 lymphocytes and MCF-7 cells; the maximum increment was 47.1% and 38.0%, respectively. Metformin treatment significantly increased insulin binding in vivo to monocytes of obese subjects (+ 31%, P less than 0.05) and diabetic patients (+ 63%, P less than 0.01). Scatchard analysis indicated that the increased binding was mainly due to an increase in receptor capacity. Insulin binding to monocytes of normal controls was unchanged after metformin as were insulin levels in all groups; blood glucose was significantly reduced after metformin only in diabetic patients. These data indicate that metformin increases insulin binding to its receptors in vitro and in vivo. The effect in vivo is observed in obese subjects and in obese type II diabetic patients, paralleling the clinical effectiveness of this antidiabetic agent, and is not due to receptor regulation by circulating insulin, since no variation in insulin levels was recorded. By this mechanism, therefore, metformin may contribute to restoring insulin effectiveness in subjects with impaired insulin responsiveness.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monitoring of follicular growth for I.V.F.-E.T. programme: the value of E2 assay and echography.

The possibility of a correlation between biological (E2) and morphological (U.S.) parameters, in view of obtaining a correct prevision of follicular maturation and ovulation is discussed. In this study normal patients with a tubal sterility were treated with clomiphene citrate and clomiphene plus H.M.G. The statistical analysis was performed by means of the linear correlation (r) and the relative test of significance (Student T.). The data obtained in this study show that notwithstanding that the rising plasma concentration of E2, which precedes ovulation, is the first and more constant marker of follicular maturation, because of its wide range of variability its usefulness in prediction of ovulation is nearly limited to spontaneous cycles. In fact in stimulated cycles the rising plasma-E2 concentration is rather an independent variable regarding the growth of single follicles (F.D.).

Adult↗