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Biomedical subjects

D H Catlin

Publications and source records attributed to D H Catlin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Left ventricular function is not impaired in weight-lifters who use anabolic steroids.

Recent reports suggest that anabolic steroid use might deleteriously affect left ventricular function. To examine this possibility, the present study measured left ventricular size and function with use of Doppler echocardiographic techniques in 23 weight lifters: 12 who were currently using anabolic steroids and 11 who reported that they had never used these drugs. Drug users had administered anabolic steroids to themselves for at least three cycles over the past year. All studies were interpreted by blind review and group assignment was confirmed by urine testing. Average age, years of exercise training and body weight, as well as heart rate and blood pressure at rest were similar in both groups. Cardiac dimensions (mean +/- SD) including left ventricular diastolic cavity diameter (57 +/- 3 vs. 56 +/- 5 mm), septal thickness (10 +/- 2 vs. 9 +/- 1 mm), posterior wall thickness (8 +/- 1 vs. 8 +/- 1 mm) and myocardial mass (149 +/- 27 vs. 135 +/- 21 g) did not differ between the anabolic steroid users and nonusers, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dietary cholesterol and the origin of cholesterol in the brain of developing rats.

Milk substitutes containing cholesterol at concentrations lower, equal to or greater than the concentrations found in natural rat milk were fed to artificially reared rat pups from 5 d until 15 or 16 d after birth. Pups reared by their mother served as controls. In one experiment, D7-cholesterol was fed in the milk at four different concentrations. The purpose of the study was to determine whether cholesterol in milk influenced growth and the sterol composition of brain over the period of its most rapid accumulation in this organ. We found that body and brain weights were not different, irrespective of the concentration of cholesterol in the milk substitutes. High concentrations of cholesterol in milk caused a significant increase in cholesterol in liver and plasma, whereas the concentration of cholesterol in brain was not different from the concentration in the brain of controls. The amounts of D7-cholesterol in lung and liver, and in plasma and RBC that pass the brain, were consistent with the concentration fed in the milk and approached 70% of the total content of cholesterol in these organs at the highest concentration fed. Brain, by contrast, contained very small amounts of D7-cholesterol, which could readily be attributed to D7-cholesterol associated with the vascular system of the blood-brain barrier. We found that the sterol composition of brain is not influenced by the concentration of cholesterol in milk and that cholesterol exogenous to brain, even in a hypercholesterolemic condition, does not gain entry to the brain. We conclude that the brain biosynthesizes de novo all the cholesterol it requires.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Clinical assessment and urine testing for anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse and dependence.

The emerging epidemic of anabolic-androgenic steroid use, no longer confined to elite athletes, is associated with adverse health consequences for which users may seek treatment. As with other forms of drug abuse, patients may deny or hide their use of steroids while seeking treatment for bothersome side effects or other problems. Thus, clinicians may increasingly, but unknowingly, see patients who are using steroids. Early detection and treatment of steroid abuse and dependence is critical in order to prevent serious and potentially fatal consequences. Therefore, it is incumbent upon clinicians to know the signs and symptoms of using steroids, and to be familiar with the clinical indications for urine testing. Using case examples, the authors review the assessment of steroid abuse and dependence in clinical practice and illustrate the role of urine testing in the assessment process.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Testing for fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) administration to man: identification of urinary metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Fluoxymesterone, an anabolic steroid, is metabolized in man primarily by 6 beta-hydroxylation, 4-ene-reduction, 3-keto-reduction, and 11-hydroxy-oxidation. These pathways of metabolism are suggested by the positive identification of 4 metabolites and the tentative identification of 3 other metabolites. Detection of the drug in urine is possible for at least 5 days after a single 10 mg oral dose to previously untreated adult males, by monitoring the presence of 2 metabolites, since the parent drug is not detectable more than 1 day after the dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Alteration in the pharmacokinetic disposition of ciprofloxacin by simultaneous administration of azlocillin.

Healthy subjects were given single intravenous doses of ciprofloxacin, azlocillin, and the two drugs simultaneously on separate occasions. High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis was used to assay the concentrations of both drugs in serum and urine. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental methods. The total body (CL), renal (CLR), and nonrenal (CLNR) clearances; steady-state volume of distribution (Vss); and fractional urinary excretion of ciprofloxacin were all markedly decreased with the simultaneous administration of azlocillin. The disposition of azlocillin was unchanged when it was given with ciprofloxacin compared to when it was given alone. The pharmacokinetic parameters (mean +/- standard deviation) of ciprofloxacin given alone versus in combination with azlocillin were as follows: CL, 52.2 +/- 9.2 versus 33.9 +/- 6.0 liters/h (P less than 0.0005); CLR, 26.5 +/- 4.8 versus 16.2 +/- 4.2 liters/h (P less than 0.0005); CLNR, 25.8 +/- 5.5 versus 17.7 +/- 4.0 liters/h (P less than 0.03); Vss, 224 +/- 30 versus 166 +/- 41 liters (P less than 0.01); fractional urinary excretion, 0.56 +/- 0.06 versus 0.43 +/- 0.04 (P less than 0.002), respectively. This interaction resulted in significantly higher and more prolonged concentrations of ciprofloxacin in serum, which may be beneficial in the treatment of serious gram-negative bacterial infections, but it could also produce greater toxicity or result in more pronounced effects on oxidative drug metabolism of other medications.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Analytical chemistry at the Games of the XXIIIrd Olympiad in Los Angeles, 1984.

The equipment, methods, logistics, and results of doping-control analyses for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games are discussed in this article. Within 15 days, 1510 different urine specimens underwent 9440 screening analyses by a combination of gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, "high-performance" liquid chromatography, and radioimmunoassay. These tests covered more than 200 different drugs and metabolites, including psychomotor stimulants, sympathomimetic amines, central nervous system stimulants, narcotic analgesics, and anabolic steroids. The results are summarized by class of drug. Less than 2% of the samples were found to contain a banned drug.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Beta-endorphin is behaviorally active in rats after chronic intravenous administration.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 14 daily intravenous injections of saline or human beta-endorphin (2.5 mg/kg). Animals were given one-way active avoidance training on the eleventh day, and analgesia testing on the twelfth (tail-flick) and thirteenth (hot-plate) days. Beta-endorphin had no effect on the number of trials needed to reach the avoidance criterion, but significantly lengthened response latencies. Beta-endorphin had no analgesic effect in either test procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Inability of naloxone to change brain morphine levels in tolerant mice.

The effect of naloxone on brain morphine concentrations was measured in naive and morphine-dependent mice using radioimmunoassay and gas-liquid chromatography. No displacement of morphine from the brain by naloxone could be observed in naive mice acutely injected with morphine or in pellet-implanted mice at increasing intervals after removal of the morphine pellets. The suggestion of a change in affinity of opiate receptors during the development of tolerance/dependence, which had been made on the basis of the displacement of morphine by naloxone found by other workers, is thus not supported by the present results.

Animals↗