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Biomedical subjects

D H Clough

Publications and source records attributed to D H Clough.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Drug-taking behaviours of pregnant substance abusers in treatment.

The purpose of this research was twofold: to describe the types of drugs and alcohol abused by pregnant multisubstance abusers enrolled in a substance abuse and treatment programme, and to describe the types of changes in drug-taking behaviours during pregnancy. An exploratory study, including interviews and chart reviews, was conducted with 31 pregnant multisubstance abusers. Drug-taking behaviours, demographic factors of age, ethnicity, martial status, education, and pregnancy characteristics of gravida, living children, level of prenatal care and trimester of pregnancy were measured. Most of the women were in their Twenties, Hispanic, single and had some high school education. Most of the women were multiparas to grand multiparas, yet they had only one or two living children, and all were receiving prenatal care. Their self-reports were validated by urine screening. Generally, the women reported that they did change their drug-taking behaviours, and many women decreased their substance abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Changes in health behaviors made by pregnant substance users.

A descriptive survey was conducted with 31 pregnant women who were substance users enrolled in a perinatal treatment program. The purpose of the study was to determine the women's health behaviors by using open-ended questions. Most of the women were between 20 and 29 years of age, Hispanic, not married, unemployed, and had partial or completed high-school education. The women had multiple pregnancies with few living children. The majority of the women were 4 to 6 months pregnant and all had received prenatal care. The women made health behavior changes during pregnancy related to nutrition, substance use, self-care, exercise, lifestyle, and seeking counseling. Over 52% of the women reported they made these behavioral changes because they wanted a healthy baby.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The effects of cognitive distortion and depression on disability in rheumatoid arthritis.

The question explored in this study was: What is the effect of cognitive distortion and depression on disability in arthritis patients when stage of disease is controlled? Patients (N = 165) completed the Sickness Impact Profile, two Cognitive Error Questionnaires, and the Symptom Questionnaire, and were staged for severity of disease. Findings indicated a significant effect of distortion on disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients; however, this effect varied by stage. Distortion and depression best explained total disability in Stage II (R2 = .60 using general distortion; R2 = .58 using arthritis distortion). Future nursing interventions designed to decrease or prevent distortion might reduce disability as well as depression.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1983

ROM versus NRx.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cognitive-behavioral self-help educational program for patients with COPD. A pilot study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of an 8-week cognitive-behavioral self-help educational program for individuals with COPD on level of disability. METHODS: Eight adults ranging in age from 58 to 83 years attended a program that included a cognitive-behavioral intervention strategy. Levels of disability, cognitive distortion, anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, and hostility were measured pre- and posttreatment using the Sickness Impact Profile, two Cognitive Error Questionnaires and the Symptom Questionnaire. RESULTS: Significant decreases were found in the Psychosocial and Total Sickness Impact Profile Scores (p value = 0.02 and p value = 0.03, respectively). On the General-Cognitive Error Questionnaire, the personalization subscale decreased significantly (p value = 0.04). On the COPD-Cognitive Error Questionnaire, the selective abstraction subscale decreased significantly (p value = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Findings suggest a positive treatment response to the program.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A behavioral checklist to measure dependence and independence.

Based on a theoretical framework by Clough, Wittig, and Derdiarian (1973) and evidence that childhood dependence and independence behaviors continue into audulthood (Kagen and Moss, 1960), the investigators identified adult behaviors which would fit into each component Beller (1955) specified in defining dependence and independence in children. The Behavioral Checklist, an observational tool, was then constructed, based on examplex of behaviors for each of Beller's components. The checklist appears to measure changes in both dependence and independence.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-esteem of pregnant substance abusers.

PROBLEM: To explore patterns and levels of self-esteem of pregnant substance abusers. METHODS: A descriptive prospective study to describe the self-esteem of pregnant substance abusers. Subjects (N = 31) were abusing and dependent on three or more legal and/or illegal substances. Subjects were asked one open-ended question regarding their self-esteem, then the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory (RSI) was administered. FINDINGS: Subjects gave 46 responses to the open-ended question. Overall, they used a single word to describe self-esteem. The most frequent response on the RSI was "low" for self-esteem, 23 subjects used positive terms, 20 used negative terms, and 3 reported a neutral term. The RSI confirmed the aspects of low self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Problems with low self-esteem were evident. Intervention strategies need to be developed to increase self-esteem in pregnant substance abusers.

Adolescent↗