Morphine revisited in pediatric anesthesia.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
D H Morrow
Publications and source records attributed to D H Morrow.
Anaphylaxis: etiology and guidelines for management.
The successful management of anaphylaxis requires a thorough understanding of this syndrome and the application of various therapeutic agents. Although the mechanisms responsible for human anaphylaxis are not fully known, sufficient data and clinical experience are available to guide the anesthesiologist faced with this medical emergency.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
The tracheal bronchus: an unusual airway probelm.
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Bronchi↗
Antiarrhythmic anesthetic action I: the effect of halothane on canine intracardiac impulse conduction during sinus rhythm.
The effect of halothane on intracardiac impulse conduction was assessed in dogs before and after pharmacologic vagotomy. Impulse conduction was measured by anesthetic-related changes in the A-H and H-V intervals of the His bundle electrogram. Prior to vagotomy, both "light" and "deep" halothane prolonged the A-H interval significantly. Maximal A-H interval prolongations corresponded to the maximal decrease in heart rate with either dose of anesthetic. Following vagotomy, the A-H prolongation produced by light halothane was abolished and the prolongation produced by the deep level greatly reduced. Neither dose of halothane had a measurable effect on the H-V interval before or after vagotomy. In one animal in which the effects of increasing rates of atrial pacing were measured without the addition of halothane, the A-H interval lengthened with no measurable change in the H-V interval. In two dogs in which the heart rate was held near pre-halothane levels by atrial pacing, the A-H interval was slightly prolonged and the H-V interval unchanged during the administration of deep halothane. These studies indicate that during sinus rhythm: (1) halothane prolongs A-V impulse conduction, (2) that this effect is correlated with a concomitant decrease in heart rate, and (3) that these effects are largely dependent upon intact vagal innervation of the heart. During atrial pacing, A-V conduction is prolonged by increased heart rate or by deep halothane when the heart rate is held constant. Thus, in addition to the known effects of halothane on pacemaker automaticity, concomitant changes in conduction may contribute to the antiarrhythmic action of this anesthetic.
Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
Antiarrhythmic anesthetic action. II. The effect of methoxyflurane on ventricular automaticity.
During the course of surgical anesthesia, the majority of patients experience some arrhythmias, virtually all of which can be attributed to changes in cardiac pacemaker automaticity and/or alterations in cardiac conduction velocity. Therefore, a better understanding of these mechansims is of importance to anesthesiologists. Cardiac automaticity in the intact heart of dogs under methoxyflurane anesthesia was assessed by measuring changes in ventricular escape time (VET) and ventricular escape rate (VER). A slight shortening of VET was noted, while there was virtually no change from control in VER. Unexpectedly, however, a nonsinus supraventricular escape focus became prominent in many animals at a low anesthetic dose and in all animals at a higher anesthetic concentration. This effect was shown to be preventable by pretreatment with reserpine or a beta-blocking agent. It is concluded that methoxyflurane increases the automaticity of parts of the atrial conducting system, other than the sinus, either by a direct effect or by increasing the sensitivity to prevailing background adrenergic levels.
Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
Laboratory evaluation of pressure transducer domes containing a diaphragm.
Pressure transducers are being used with increasing frequency in patient care. The recent availability of sterile transducer domes containing a diaphragm provides a means for reducing the risk of bacteremia when using these devices. The present studies measured the effect of diaphragm domes on the accuracy of pressure measurement. The sensitivity and frequency responses of 5 pressure transducers utilizing diaphragm and nondiaphragm domes were compared. The results indicate that the type of dome utilized and the method of dome application can significantly modify pressure transducer performance. The data are useful in providing optimal accuracy and reliability of pressure measurments when using a diaphragm dome, pressure transducer combination.
Blood Pressure Determination↗