Biomedical subjects

D Höglund

Publications and source records attributed to D Höglund.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Meal pattern, food choice, nutrient intake and lifestyle factors in The Göteborg Adolescence Study.

OBJECTIVE: To relate meal pattern of Swedish adolescents to food choice, nutrient intake and other lifestyle factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study including diet history and interview about smoking, ethnicity, social factors and retrospectively collected data of menarche and growth. SETTING: School setting, Göteborg, Sweden. SUBJECTS: A total of 611 boys and 634 girls in grade 9 (15-16 y). RESULTS: The majority of the students, 65% of the boys and 52% of the girls, consumed three main meals daily. The in-between meals, however, contributed the major part of the energy intake. The energy intake was 12.9+/-3.5 MJ (mean+/-s.d.) for boys and 9.0+/-2.5 MJ for girls. Irregular breakfast eating, 12% of the boys and 24% of the girls, was related to negative lifestyle factors where smoking was the strongest, odds ratio 3.8 (95% CI: 2.6-5.4) and to irregular intake of lunch and dinner. These boys and girls had a food choice including a higher percentage of energy from snack food (26% vs 20% and 19% in boys and girls respectively, all P<0.001), mostly consumed between the main meals. These groups had significantly lower intakes of micronutrients, but higher intakes of sucrose and alcohol compared to the groups with regular breakfast intake. Girls omitting breakfasts and lunches (8%) also had a less healthy food choice and the poorest nutrient intake. These girls had matured earlier, with menarche age of 12.2+/-1.1 y vs 12.9+/-1.0 y (P<0.001) in girls with regular main meal intake. CONCLUSIONS: Meal pattern with omission of breakfast or breakfast and lunch was related to a clustering of less healthy lifestyle factors and food choice leading to a poorer nutrient intake. SPONSORSHIP: The Swedish Medical Research Council (project B94-19X-04721-19A), the Swedish Mill Industry and the Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren Foundation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[More elderly persons should be informed about the importance of vaccination against influenza. Extensive needs of information also among the health personnel].

In Sweden yearly vaccination against influenza for persons over 65 years of age has been recommended since 1997. In the Göteborg area approximately 33.6 percent of this age group were vaccinated during the autumn 1999. The most common reasons given for not being vaccinated were lack of confidence in the vaccine and a belief that influenza is not a serious disease. The study shows that both doctors and the target group need more information about the benefits of influenza vaccination.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Food habits in Swedish adolescents in relation to socioeconomic conditions.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the food habits of Swedish adolescents 14-15 y of age. To analyse the connection between food habits and socioeconomic circumstances and background factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey using a Food Frequency Questionnaire including questions on meal patterns. SETTING: The city of Göteborg and the County of Alvsborg, Sweden 1996. SUBJECTS: Pupils in the 8th grade in all schools in the city of Göteborg and the County of Alvsborg were in February 1996 invited to participate. The study comprised 7605 pupils. The drop-out rate was 14.4% (n = 1280). RESULTS: The adolescents had an infrequent consumption of vegetables and fruits and they had a daily consumption of sweets. Cereals, dairy products and snacks: buns, wafers, soft drinks, ice cream and potato crisps were consumed more than once a day. Thirty percent of the girls and 20% of the boys did not eat breakfast every day. The free school lunch was eaten daily by 50% of the boys and 30% of the girls, the remainder ate some type of snack. A negative correlation was found between smoking and the frequency of vegetable consumption. Pupils from areas with high socioeconomic status more often ate breakfast and lunch and the boys more often ate dinner compared to adolescents from areas with low socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: An irregular meal pattern as well as snack consumption and smoking were common, especially among girls in areas with low socioeconomic status.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Focusing on the pregnancy test.

BACKGROUND: Due to high abortion rates in a low status area in Göteborg, Sweden, a study was performed focused on the pregnancy test. METHOD AND MATERIAL: The aim of the study was to facilitate the accessibility of contraceptive counseling offering immediate and extended family planning advice to women with negative pregnancy tests not wishing to become pregnant. There was also an ambition to better understand the lack or inconsistent use of contraceptives and decrease the rate of unwanted pregnancies, which could have an impact on the abortion rates. RESULTS: In an area with 5,200 women of fertile age immediate and extended family planning advice was offered by midwives to all women with no desire for pregnancy and negative pregnancy test results. During the six month data collection period in 1988-1989, 463 women received such a consultation, of whom 310 did not use any contraceptives at the time of the study. Several reasons, on different explanatory levels, for not using contraception were recognized. CONCLUSION: The abortion rate declined in the area, and this decline was observed two years earlier than for the rest of Göteborg. This decline, together with the information on contraception behavior received, may indicate that this kind of approach could be successful.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prospective study among male employees in industry. I. Prevalence of hyperlipoproteinemia.

In a primary prevention study performed in an industrial preventive health center in Göteborg, Sweden, 676 male employees, aged 40-67 years, have been screened for the presence of elevated serum lipid/lipoprotein values, and the estimated prevalence of hyperlipoproteinemia (according to the cut points) was 25.8%. The hyperlipoproteinemias were distributed among the three major types, II A, II B and IV, as 12.8, 1.9 and 11.1%, respectively. The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) (n = 13), pathologic ECG at rest (n = 42), elevated systolic or diastolic BP, and overweight were compared between 128 males with hyperlipoproteinemia and 100 matched normolipidemic controls from the same population. Hyperlipoproteinemia type IV was most common in males aged 50 (48-52) years. In type IV the mean systolic BP was higher (p less than 0.05) than in the controls and overweight was more frequent, particularly in males aged 50 (p less than 0.05). There were, however, no statistically significant correlations among the variables, serum lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides), BP (systolic or diastolic) and body weight (expressed in relation to height) in type IV. CHD (p less than 0.01) were more common among males with hyperlipoproteinemia than in the controls. The data from the present and earlier studies suggest that hyperlipoproteinemia should be looked for in particular among males aged 50, among males with elevated systolic BP and/or overweight, as well as among males already presenting signs or symptoms of CHD or a pathologic ECG.

Adult↗