Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D He.
Experiments have shown that Danggui injection enhances phagocytic function of macrophage in normal mice, and antagonizes the immunosuppressive activity of macrophage by cytoxan. The injection may increase the function of B cells and the activity of serum lysozyme, thus increasing the function of humoral immunity and nonspecific immunity.
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BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to examine the effects of acupuncture on smoking reduction and possibly also cessation and to examine whether some acupoints are more effective than others for smoking cessation. METHODS: A total of 46 healthy men and women, 39 +/- 9 years of age (mean +/- SD), who smoked 20 +/- 6 cigarettes per day and had smoked for 23 +/- 8 years, and who wanted to quit smoking, volunteered to participate. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. One group was given acupuncture treatment at points previously used for anti-smoking (test group, TG). The other group was given acupuncture treatment at points assumed to have no effect for smoking cessation (control group, CG). Before each treatment and after the last treatment each subject answered questionnaires about his or her smoking habits and attitudes. In addition the concentrations of serum cotinine, serum thiocyanate, serum peroxides, and plasma fibrinogen were measured before the first and after the last acupuncture treatment. RESULTS: The daily cigarette consumption fell during the treatment period in both groups, but the reduction was larger for TG than for CG (P < 0.002). Altogether 31% of subjects in TG had quit smoking completely at the end of the treatment, compared with none in CG. For TG the concentrations of cotinine and thiocyanate were reduced significantly after the treatment period (P < 0.001), but no significant reductions were observed for CG. For both groups the taste of tobacco worsened during the treatment period, but the effect was more pronounced for TG than for CG (P < 0.05). The desire to smoke fell significantly in both groups after treatment, and the reduction was larger for TG than for CG (P < 0.001). No significant changes in serum peroxides and plasma fibrinogen concentrations were observed during the treatment period for either group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that acupuncture may help motivated smokers to reduce their smoking or even quit smoking completely. Different acupoints appear to have different effects for smoking cessation and reduction.
An automated sequential sampling system for the measurement of particulate acid aerosols was developed in order to allow the routine collection of daily samples with only once-per-week site visits. The system's design, operation, and associated quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC), and data validation procedures are described. Results from a multi-year field application of this system in the Buffalo, Albany, and New York City metropolitan areas are reported, as well as from external audits and interlab analytical intercomparisons. It is found that the system successfully collected 94% of all possible samples in these three cities between May 1988 and December 1989. Weekly QA field blanks and positive control filters indicate that these data were collected with negligible acid contamination or neutralization. Peak aerosol acidity levels at these sites were found to be highest during the summer months, with peak 24-hr average levels in the 300-400 nmol/m3 range. It is concluded that this system represents a more convenient means of collecting extended daily records of valid particulate acid aerosol concentrations than has been possible in the past.