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Biomedical subjects

D Howarth

Publications and source records attributed to D Howarth.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

TEAMWORK in the South Seas.

The Pacific island nation of Kiribati has adopted the BDJ TEAMWORK initiative as a training programme for government dental assistants. TEAMWORK has proved to be adaptable to a hot climate.

Dental Assistants↗
PubMed1992

Quality of life improvements in CAPD patients treated with subcutaneously administered erythropoietin for anemia.

Twenty-two continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, mean age 48 years, at 3 U.K. renal units were assessed with the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) before and after treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO). Mean (SD) hemoglobin (Hb) at baseline was 7.5 (1.0) gm/dL and 10.8 (1.5) gm/dL at retest. There were significant improvements in energy (p less than 0.0001), social life (p less than 0.005), relationships at home (p less than 0.05) and leisure pursuits (p less than 0.05). Twelve patients, mean age 51 years, who had already completed more than 9 months on r-HuEPO treatment were reassessed to determine the changes sustained. Mean (SD) Hb at second retest was 12.8 (1.3) gm/dL. Improvement in energy continued to be significant, and emotional wellbeing showed further improvement. Problems with household tasks, which had not shown significant improvement at Test B, were now considerably reduced (p = 0.016). The study showed far-reaching benefits similar to those reported in hemodialysis patients, in a population with a higher mean age and higher potential coexisting illness or disability than most reported hemodialysis studies.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

The effect of hemoglobin concentration on peritoneal mass transfer and drain volumes in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a correlation exists between hemoglobin levels and peritoneal mass transfer or drain volumes in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. DESIGN: Prospective study of two groups of CAPD patients, identified on the basis of their stable hemoglobin levels. Group A--hemoglobin less than 8.5 g/dL; Group B--hemoglobin greater than 10.5 g/dL. Peritoneal mass transfer and drain volumes were measured for each patient, after which a subgroup of Group A was treated with rHuEPO (forming Group C) and measurements repeated once hemoglobin had risen by at least 2.0 g/dL. SETTING: Single renal unit of a university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty-seven patients established on CAPD, selected according to their stable hemoglobin level. Group A--14 patients; Group B--13 patients; Group C (subgroup of A)--8 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Difference between peritoneal mass transfer or drain volume in Group A versus Group B, and in Group C before and after rHuEPO therapy. Serum biochemical parameters in Group C before and after rHuEPO therapy. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences in any of the parameters measured were found between groups A and B, or before and after rHuEPO therapy in Group C. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal transfer of small solutes and water is not influenced by hemoglobin level, and does not change following otherwise effective treatment with rHuEPO.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Antithrombin III Northwick Park: demonstration of an inactive high MW complex with increased affinity for heparin.

It has been shown previously that antithrombin III Northwick Park has reduced ability to inactivate thrombin and is characterized by an additional anodal component on crossed immunoelectrophoresis (Howarth et al, 1985). We have applied plasma from an affected family member to heparin-Sepharose and eluted the antithrombin III with a salt gradient. Evidence is presented that a variant component has slightly higher affinity for heparin than normal antithrombin III. Furthermore, this variant component is present in plasma as an approximately 120,000 MW inactive antithrombin III complex that can be reduced with dithiothreitol to MW approximately 60,000, indicating disulphide bridging. Using ion-exchange chromatography, the inactive complex has been isolated and shown to migrate in the same position as the anodal peak on crossed immunoelectrophoresis.

Antithrombin III↗