Xerostomia in systemic sclerosis: systematic evaluation by salivary scintigraphy and lip biopsy in thirty-four patients.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
D Huglo
Publications and source records attributed to D Huglo.
Cerebral blood flow in frontal lesions of aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate local and remote regional cerebral blood flow in patients with prefrontal lesions resulting from rupture (and operation) of aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. METHODS: The localization and severity of the lesions were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging on T2 sequences. Blood flow measurements were performed in 21 patients at least 3 weeks after surgery using single-photon emission computed tomography. Flow values were calculated in 10 regions of interest in each cerebral hemisphere and compared with those of 21 control subjects matched for age. RESULTS: A drop in regional cerebral blood flow, predominating on the right side, was observed in the frontal areas. Flow values were not reduced in the thalamus and striatum but were significantly elevated in the posterior cortical areas and cerebellum. This latter phenomenon was significantly correlated with the severity of frontal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Blood flow drop in frontal areas was correlated with the cerebral lesions, which predominated in the anterior prefrontal lobe, on the side of the surgical flap; most of these prefrontal lesions were likely due to the surgical procedure and not to classic arterial spasm. Elevated perfusion in the temporo-parieto-occipital cortex and cerebellum might be due to the release of a physiological inhibition exerted by the prefrontal cortex.
Adolescent↗
'Normal' 99mTc-HmPAO distribution in large subacute middle cerebral artery infarct.
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Acute Disease↗
Scintiscans and carcinoid tumors.
BACKGROUND: The presence of somatostatin receptors on carcinoid tumors mediates imaging of tumor extent and inhibition of tumor growth and marker secretion. This prospective study aimed to evaluate radiolabeled somatostatin analog scans in the therapeutic workup of carcinoids. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with carcinoids underwent 26 scans with iodine octreotide or indium pentetreotide. The results for tumor and metastases imaging were analyzed and compared with those of a short inhibition test of marker secretion and with those of metaiodobenzylguanidine scan. RESULTS: The sensitivity for obtaining images of the overall 43 tumor sites was 72%. We had no false-positive results. Unknown tumor sites were discovered in three patients. The results were slightly better with indium pentetreotide and metastases imaging. A positive scan did not always preclude responsiveness to the functional effect of octreotide. Results of somatostatin analog scans were better than those with metaidobenzylguanidine. The two techniques were complementary in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of treatment for patients with carcinoid tumors should benefit from functional inhibition test with octreotide and from indium pentetreotide and metaidobenzylguanidine scans.
3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
Regional cerebral blood flow imaging: a quantitative comparison of 99mTc-bicisate with 133Xe using single photon emission computed tomography.
The aim of this study was to compare 99mTc-bicisate with 133Xe inhalation in regional CBF (rCBF) imaging. Five healthy volunteers and five patients were imaged with both techniques. Regional standardized values (SVs) of 99mTc-bicisate, uptake indexes (UIs), and asymmetry indexes (AIs) were compared quantitatively with, respectively, rCBF, flow indexes (FIs), and AIs. Areas with highest rCBF (sylvian and thalamic areas) appeared to be underestimated with 99mTc-bicisate, but significant correlations were found between SV and rCBF (n = 140, r = 0.468, p < 0.01) and for the 10 subjects between UI and FI and between AIs (p < 0.0001). There are therefore distinct regional differences in the cerebral distinction of 99mTc-bicisate and CBF, particularly in the thalamus and the temporal cortex. It is probable but not yet proved that an underestimation of high flow rates occurs with bicisate.
Adolescent↗
Iodine-123-Tyr-3-octreotide uptake in pancreatic endocrine tumors and in carcinoids in relation to hormonal inhibition by octreotide.
UNLABELLED: Uptake of 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide (TOCT) by hormone-secreting abdominal tumors was studied to compare scintigraphic observations with the reduction in hormone levels brought about by a brief therapeutic test. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 17 patients, totalizing 46 proven lesions, with endocrine tumors of the pancreas (10 patients, 20 lesions) and/or carcinoid metastases (8 patients, 26 lesions). Tumor hormonal hypersecretion was inhibited by octreotide. RESULTS: There was good agreement between the results of these examinations. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of abdominal tumors using this radiotracer is strongly related to its functional characteristics. Variations in the scintigraphic and test results according to different tumor types were in agreement with published data on the density of somatostatin receptors measured by in vitro studies or scintigraphy and by the therapeutic effects of octreotide.
Adult↗
Early and delayed distribution of N-isopropyl-[123I]-p-iodoamphetamine in haemorrhagic and ischaemic brain.
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used to study redistribution of N-isopropyl-[123I]-p-iodoamphetamine (IAMP) in 10 patients with intracerebral haemorrhage and 7 with ischaemic stroke. Delayed/early IAMP uptake ratios (D/E) were calculated for four different cerebral zones: haematoma or infarct, perilesional, normal and crossed cerebellar diaschisis areas. Delayed uptake was observed in all areas, but there were no significant differences between the haematoma and infarct results nor between the lesional and perilesional results. Delayed redistribution of IAMP therefore did not seem to be associated with neuronal metabolic activity.
Adult↗
Atrophy of medial temporal lobes on MRI in "probable" Alzheimer's disease and normal ageing: diagnostic value and neuropsychological correlates.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown a great reduction in medial temporal lobe and hippocampal volume of patients with Alzheimer's disease as compared to controls. Quantitative volumetric measurements are not yet available for routine clinical use. We investigated whether visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) on plain MRI films could distinguish patients with Alzheimer's disease (n = 21) from age matched controls (n = 21). The degree of MTA was ascertained with a ranking procedure and validated by linear measurements of the medial temporal lobe including the hippocampal formation and surrounding spaces occupied by cerebrospinal fluid. Patients with Alzheimer's disease showed a significantly higher degree of subjectively assessed MTA than controls (p = 0.0005). Linear measurements correlated highly with subjective assessment of MTA and also showed significant differences between groups. Ventricular indices did not differ significantly between groups. In Alzheimer's disease patients the degree of MTA correlated significantly with scores on the mini-mental state examination and memory tests, but poorly with mental speed tests. This study shows that MTA may be assessed quickly and easily with plain MRI films. MTA shown on MRI strongly supports the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, is related to memory function, and seems to occur earlier in the disease process than does generalised brain atrophy.
Aged↗
Perfusion mapping with Tc-HMPAO in cerebral haematomas.
The cerebral distribution of HMPAO was mapped tomographically by SPECT in 20 patients with an intra cerebral haematoma. The images were assessed visually and by an analysis of an asymmetry index (AI) for various cerebral areas. Visual inspection identified the lesion in each of the 20 cases. Reduced tracer activity and abnormal AI were consistent findings. Remote effects (diaschisis) were also observed in the adjacent (19 cases) and frontal (14 cases) cortex, and in the controlateral cerebellum (16 cases). Sequential studies at 60, 150 and 300 minutes in 10 patients showed remarkably stable patterns. HMPAO maps were compared with cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured with 133 Xenon (133Xe) in eight cases. The two methods showed similar results in the region of a lesion, but remote effects were more obvious with the 133Xe in two patients.
Adult↗