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Biomedical subjects

D I Frank

Publications and source records attributed to D I Frank.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Nurses self-performing and teaching others breast self-examination: implications for advanced practice nurses.

Although there is evidence to suggest that breast self-examination (BSE) aids in the early detection of breast cancer, the underuse of this prevention behavior continues to exist. The purpose of this study was to explore the personal behaviors and professional practices of nurses in the use of BSE and to discuss implications for the advanced practice nurse (APN). The sample (N = 300) consisted of nurses and student nurses. While almost all nurses had performed BSE at least once, fewer than half did this monthly. The majority believed it was the nurse's role to teach BSE, but almost three fourths of the sample taught it only occasionally or rarely. Not thinking of it and not knowing when or how to teach were reasons identified for not teaching. The roles of the APN as an educator, leader, consultant, direct care provider, and researcher are examined in light of these findings to promote nurses' performing and teaching BSE.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Nurse/parent role perceptions in care of neonatal intensive care unit infants: implications for the advanced practice nurse.

This study compared parent and nurse perceptions of the nurse's roles regarding responsibilities toward infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It also examined the attitudes of nurses and parents regarding the extent to which parents should participate in the care of their infants in the NICU, as well as the role of the advanced practice nurse (APN). The convenience sample of 25 parents of infants in the NICU and 35 nurses who cared for the infants was surveyed regarding perceptions of nurses and parents about nurse responsibilities and parent roles in the NICU. Results suggest parents and nurses have different perceptions about role expectations and that nurses perceive themselves to lack comfort and knowledge in providing support to parents. The findings support a role of the APN as fostering a nursing NICU philosophy to facilitate role transition for parents of infants in the NICU.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Health beliefs, health locus of control, and women's mammography behavior.

Research has shown that routine mammography screening can significantly reduce mortality from breast cancer. The use of mammography screening, however, remains well below national goals. In an effort to understand the factors that influence women's mammography behaviors, this study explored the relation between health beliefs, locus of control, and women's mammography practice. Survey instruments used were Champion's health belief scales and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales. The study used a convenience sample of 25 African Americans and 72 white women ages 35 to 84. Findings showed that women who participated in mammography screening were significantly more likely to perceive greater benefits, greater health motivation, and fewer barriers to screening than those who did not participate. These same three variables were similarly associated with greater frequency of receiving mammograms. It also was found that perceived benefits and health motivation were significantly correlated with shorter duration of time since the last mammogram. No support was found for perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and health locus of control as predictors of women's mammography behavior. Implications for nursing research in further examining the MHLC and the Health Belief Model construct of susceptibility as they relate to mammography behavior are identified. Practice implications for nurses are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nursing assessment of adult females who are alcohol dependent and victims of sexual abuse.

Women who develop alcohol dependence pose a serious health threat to themselves, their families, and their communities. One of the factors theorized to be a major influence in the development of maladaptive behaviors relative to alcohol use in women is childhood sexual abuse. This paper uses King's theory of dynamic interacting systems to examine relationships between the personal, family, and community variables that may influence women who have been victims of childhood sexual abuse and develop alcohol dependence. Guidelines for a research-based nursing assessment are suggested.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

Health-promoting behaviors of African-American rural women.

A primary role of nurse practitioners is to promote health. This study describes the practice of health-promoting behaviors of 75 African-American women in rural northwest Florida. The convenience sample completed the 94 Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), which measures six aspects of health behavior, including exercise, nutrition, and stress management. Demographic factors were also examined in relation to participation in health-promoting behaviors. Findings showed women scoring the highest in interpersonal support and the lowest in exercise and nutrition on the HPLP subscales. Also, women with higher education and an income above $10,000 a year practiced more health-promoting behaviors. Those with less education, a lower income, and more family members practiced fewer health-promoting behaviors. Older women tended to exercise less and reported less interpersonal support. Nurse practitioners can encourage health promotion among African-American women. They can utilize strategies that maximize women's perceived benefits and self-efficacy while minimizing perceived barriers to health-promoting behaviors. Churches, worksites, and schools are suggested as accessible settings for providing programs and services to this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Rural and urban adolescents' perceptions of mental health.

This study investigated rural and urban adolescents' perceptions of mental health. A questionnaire containing nine vignettes (involving child abuse and adult and adolescent mental health issues) was devised based on a tool developed by Flaskerud (1980). Analysis of responses to the questionnaire indicated that there was general agreement among the students about unhealthy behaviors. However, there were some significant differences related to rural/urban setting, gender, and ethnic background. The findings provide insight into rural and urban students' perceptions of problematic behaviors, who should intervene, and how. It is recommended that health care providers assist adolescents in expanding their range of coping behaviors, especially in regard to alcohol abuse and violence.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

Employer attitudes toward breastfeeding in the workplace.

A descriptive, exploratory study of 69 male and female employers was done in a small rural community to determine their attitudes toward breastfeeding or expressing milk in the workplace. Business variables, such as experience working with women who have breastfed and knowledge of other businesses who have employed breastfeeding women, appeared to be better predictors of a positive level of support toward breastfeeding in the workplace than personal attributes, such as age, education level, and personal history with a spouse or friend who breastfed. The health care provider needs to become instrumental in promoting breastfeeding in the workplace by focusing on the positive effects on the business and providing employers with successful examples of workplace breastfeeding programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The relationship of social support to women's obtaining mammography screening.

This study examined the relationship between social support and obtaining mammography screening. Fifty women, half of whom had undergone mammography, were matched for age and ethnicity and interviewed related to perception of their social support networks. Results revealed a significant difference in the levels of social support and mammography screening. Women who had undergone mammography perceived a higher level of social support than those who had not. Parse's Theory of Human Becoming was used as a framework to discuss nursing implications of the findings.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed1994

Families as a source of AIDS information for school age children.

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic, which has taken an increasingly devastating toll worldwide over the past 10 years, has highlighted the need for carefully designed, massive public education campaigns focused on prevention. Research has shown that education will be most effective if it occurs before the onset of behavior that must be prevented. Because most elementary students have not yet begun to engage in behavior that places them at risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection, they are among those individuals most likely to benefit from educational efforts designed to teach preventive strategies. The family is the primary socializer in health beliefs, attitudes, and practices. This study examines the nature of communication about AIDS among school age children and their families. The findings underscore a critical deficiency in frequency of parent-child interactions about AIDS. The role of the CNS/nurse practitioner in developing educational strategies for children and their families is discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

The relation between self-esteem, sexual activity, and pregnancy.

This study examined self-esteem in relation to sexual behaviors which often result in teen pregnancy. A sample of 141 male and 172 female adolescents of racial diversity was surveyed to elicit levels of self-esteem, sexual activity, pregnancy and fatherhood status. The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory was used as well to elicit qualitative data about self-esteem, demographics, and sexual activity. Analysis revealed no differences in the self-esteem of males vs. females. Further, sexual activity or virginity was not related to self-esteem in either males or females. Pregnant teens did not have different levels of self-esteem from the nonpregnant. However, males who had fathered a child had lower self-esteem than did nonfathers. The findings support a multifocused approach to sex education for pregnancy prevention and also emphasize a need to include males in both pregnancy prevention efforts as well as in further research on teen pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Attitudes, practices, and role of nurses in the use of mammography.

This research examined the mammography behavior of 145 nurses as well as their patient teaching practices about mammography. A subsample of 100 were identified as compliant or noncompliant with mammogram screening guidelines. Nurses who complied and those who did not comply were not significantly different on variables of age, licensure, education level, or clinical practice setting. Nor was a positive family history associated with compliance. In patient teaching about mammography, only 25% of nurses reported teaching. The vast majority of nurses, 75%, rarely or only occasionally did the patient teaching. Reasons cited for not teaching included not thinking about it and feeling unqualified to do this teaching. However, all nurses thought it was important for educating nurses about the need to teach women about mammography screening. The health belief model was applied as a framework for further research exploring nurses educating women about mammography.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Sexual counseling with a developmentally disabled couple: a case study.

This article describes the process of sexual counseling with a developmentally disabled couple, illustrating principles and techniques that were unique to this couple's concern. The author asserts that this aspect of a marital relationship should not be denied a couple simply because they are handicapped. Her intent is to help nurses understand some of the issues involved in sexual counseling with developmentally disabled persons, and to motivate nurses to help those who may express concerns.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Helping the medicine go down. Nurses' and patients' perceptions about medication compliance.

The issue of medication compliance is a multidimensional phenomenon that rests not only with the patient, but also with the interactions of caregivers. Study results revealed that nurses and patients generally perceive estimated frequency of medication compliance to be similar, although increased length of time as a psychiatric nurse was associated with nurses perceiving patients as being less compliant. Reasons given by patients and nurses for medication noncompliance differed. Patients' responses were characterized by being more concrete and varied in nature than those of the nurse.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: a study of immediate vs. delayed treatment on patient comfort.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a miserable infection that affects millions of women each year. The purpose of this article's study was to investigate the effectiveness of an immediate treatment intervention for increasing the comfort level of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. An experimental study using a sample of 20 women compared the comfort of a control group, which received routine care, to the comfort of the experimental group, which received routine care plus vaginal debridement followed by application of vaginal medication. The experimental group experienced greater relief from their symptoms post-treatment than did the control group. Implications for NP practice are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Gender differences in decision making about infertility treatment.

The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate gender differences in decision making about infertility treatment. The sample included 40 male and 107 female RESOLVE members. A questionnaire was used with which subjects rank ordered the importance of 14 factors that could influence the decision to undergo various infertility treatments. Gender differences in the importance of factors considered when making decisions about medical and surgical treatment options were explored. Men accorded more importance to the potential side effects when making decisions to pursue medical or surgical options than did women. Women, on the other hand, viewed the probability that the medical-surgical regimens or procedures would be effective as a more important factor in influencing their decisions about these options than did men. The author suggests that women may place more emphasis on treatment outcome than do men. Instead, men may focus on each individual treatment step involved in the process of becoming pregnant.

Adult↗