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Biomedical subjects

D J Naismith

Publications and source records attributed to D J Naismith.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Utilization of protein at sub-maintenance energy intakes.

Adult rats fed a diet containing 14%, by weight, of protein displayed a negative N balance when energy intake was reduced to a value approximating basal metabolism. A positive N balance was induced, however, by raising the protein concentration in the diet, and N retention continued until body fat reserves were almost exhausted. These findings are in conflict with the widely-held view that N equilibrium can be achieved only when the need for energy is satisfied.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The nutritional status of poor children in London.

Concern for the growth and development of poor inner-city children prompted an investigation of the relationship of growth to diet, health and sociological background. Between 1973 and 1976, 1000 households in poor areas of London were screened for at-risk children between the ages of one and 12 years. Two hundred and thirty-one children from 112 families qualified for the survey. Of the white children, 21 per cent fell below the 10th percentile for height. The mean energy intake of the shortest children was 72 per cent of the RDI. Half the families spent 4.80 pounds or less per person per week on food, and 33 per cent of the children fell below the 10th percentile for height. A remedial feeding programme may be of benefit to these and similar children.

Body Height↗
PubMed1978

Reappraisal of linoleic acid requirement of the young infant, with particular regard to use of modified cows' milk formulae.

Most infants in the UK are bottle fed with cows' milk formulae that are alleged to provide less than the minimum requirement for linoleic acid, i.e. 1% of the total dietary energy. 20 term infants fed solely on a modified cows' milk formula that provided 0.55% of the energy from linoleic acid were therefore examined for evidence of deficiency. Rates of growth in length and weight, measured during the first 3 months of life, were identical with those of 20 wholly breast-fed infants. Voluntary food intakes (kcal/kg per day) followed the normal pattern. The fatty acid composition of the plasma lipids showed changes characteristic of a low intake of linoleic acid, but triene:tetraene ratios did not indicate a deficiency state, and clinical signs of deficiency were not observed. These findings suggest that the requirement for linoleic acid is substantially less than was formerly believed. The small amount of alpha-linolenic acid present in cows' milk may however exert a sparing effect on linoleic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects on the products of conception of protein supplementation of the diets of rats.

Pregnant rats were ad libitum fed diets of varying casein content from conception. The food intake was measured. The control rats the first 17 days of gestation and 25% casein plus 2.5% DL methionine during the remainder; the second experimental group was given the 25% casein plus 2.5% DL methionine throughout pregnancy. Maternal food intakes were little changed by the supplement, but the rats in the second experimental group ate considerably more. The dietary regimens of the experimental groups had no effect on lean body mass, but did significantly increase carcass fat content. A protein supplement given in late pregnancy, at the time of the fetal exponential growth phase, was found to increase the weight, protein content and cellularity of fetal brains and carcasses. It also increased the weight and protein content of placentas, but had no effect on their cellularity.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The biphasic nature of protein metabolism during pregnancy in the rat.

1. Additional protein given to malnourished rats early in pregnancy was found to increase substantially the weight and cellularity of their foetuses and placentas at term. 2. This observation confirms the hypothesis that protein is stored in early pregnancy for use during the period of rapid foetal growth.

Animals↗