The cochlear implant and the deaf community.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
D J Power
Publications and source records attributed to D J Power.
The receptive communication abilities of deaf students under oral, manual, and combined methods.
Two groups of severely and profoundly deaf students aged 10 to 17 years were tested on their abilities to choose, from a set of four pictures, the one matching a sentence presented on videotape under 11 different communication conditions. The communication conditions involved individual and combined presentations of lipreading, listening, fingerspelling, and signed English. Severely deaf students scored higher than profoundly deaf students under all conditions except those that involved signed English, where the profoundly deaf group scored as high as the severely deaf group. All the students scored higher under conditions that involved audition, including lipreading plus audition, than under audition alone. The discussion of the results highlights methodological problems that made it difficult to interpret some previous studies in this area. Practical implications of the results for both oral education of the deaf and simultaneous communication are also discussed.
Adolescent↗
Teachers' use of simultaneous communication. Effects on the signed and spoken components.
We examined the correspondence between spoken and signed English when used simultaneously by teachers in Australia to determine whether the difficulties reported with other systematic sign systems are also relevant for the Australasian version. The teachers, all experienced in working with deaf students, were found to be more than 90% accurate in reproducing on their hands what they were saying, but at some cost to the oral aspects of the simultaneous communication. We also discuss the implications of the findings for the use of simultaneous communication with deaf students.
Communication Methods, Total↗
Conversational strategies of teachers using three methods of communication with deaf children.
Teacher control over conversations with deaf pupils using oral/aural only, signed English or cued speech communication, was related to pupil response, including taking initiative in conversations, misunderstanding the teacher, and length of contributions to the conversation. As teacher control over the conversation and repair of "wrong" contributions increased, pupil initiative and length of contribution decreased and misunderstanding of teachers increased. Different methods of teacher communication produced few differences in response; those that did occur mostly favored pupils of teachers using signed English. Few significant differences were found in the distribution of different types of conversational moves among teachers using the different methods of communication.
Child↗
Breast feeding in Cape Town.
An interview survey of infant feeding practices was conducted among the mothers of 126 infants, aged 3-4 1/2 months, attending local authority clinics in two subeconomic residential areas of Cape Town. It was found that while at 1 month only 19% of the infants were wholly bottle-fed, at the age of 3-4 1/2 months this proportion was 60%, and only 14% were fully breast-fed. The factors found to be significantly associated with the cessation of breast feeding were young maternal age and maternal employment. A downward trend in the prevalence of breast feeding continues--despite the efforts of health services. Recommendations to promote breast feeding are made.
Adolescent↗
Primary health care in a paediatric setting--the background. I.
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Child↗
The paediatric primary care clinical nurse in South Africa--at the crossroads of progress. II.
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Child↗
The role of community paediatrics in South Africa.
Community paediatrics in South Africa is concerned with helping to identify the factors that retard realization of the full developmental potential of the nation's children. It is also concerned with the removal of such blocking factors. Paediatricians familiar with the orientation and methods of community medicine are suited to this task, which involves: (i) co-operation with all health, education and welfare organizations concerned with child care; (ii) taking part in the education of all child care professionals; (iii) taking part in the planning and organization of child care services; and (iv) being concerned with clinical care, particularly at primary care and rehabilitative levels.
Child↗
A study of the prevalence of severe mental retardation among coloured children in an urban community.
The administrative prevalence of severe mental retardation among Coloured children of school-going age in the Cape Town suburb of Athlone was found to be between 2,64 and 3,36 per 1 000 children. The pattern of additional handicap and the extent to which these children received adequate management was examined. While the level of residential care available was comparable to that provided in Europe, the provision of day training facilities was grossly deficient.
Adolescent↗
Memory ,identification and crime.
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Adult↗