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Biomedical subjects

D Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to D Jackson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The feasibility of tracing a sample of school-boys after a lapse of fifteen years.

Although the relationship between childhood behaviour and adult adjustment is often presented as established fact, relatively few non-retrospective studies have actually examined this perceived association. This paper presents a description of the attempt to establish the feasibility of tracing children after a lapse of 15 years and suggests that this may present fewer insuperable difficulties than might be imagined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Impaired oxygenation during sleep in excessive polycythemia of high altitude: improvement with respiratory stimulation.

Although polycythemia of high altitude is usually due to excessive hypoxemia, in some patients the hematocrit is elevated out of proportion to the degree of hypoxemia measured awake. One possible explanation is that severe hypoxemia occurs during sleep in these subjects. We therefore monitored oxygen saturation (SaO2), breathing pattern, and electroencephalogram (EEG) during sleep in five normal high-altitude residents and in five patients with excessive polycythemia. The polycythemic patients were studied as part of a placebo--drug double-blind crossover trial of the respiratory stimulant drug medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The polycythemic patients while taking placebo were much more hypoxemic during sleep than the normals (all-night mean SaO2: 79.4 +/- 1.7% versus 87.8 +/- 1.7%, p less than 0.01). Abnormalities in breathing patterns were observed in all the subjects, especially during REM stage sleep. In polycythemic subjects, this resulted in precipitous hypoxemia with SaO2 as low as 50%--70%. Severe hypoxemia was not observed in control subjects despite similar abnormalities in breathing. Significant improvement in nocturnal SaO2 occurred when the polycythemic patients were taking MPA, mean SaO2 rising from 79.4 +/- 1.7% to 83.7 +/- 0.7%, p less than 0.05. Of probably greater importance, MPA largely prevented the precipitous drops in SaO2, mean lowest SaO2 rising from 64.6 +/- 4.7% to 76.0 +/- 2.1% p less than 0.05. The severe decreases in SaO2 during sleep may explain elevations in hematocrit that are out of proportion to the awake SaO2 in man at high altitude. The therapeutic effect of MPA in this condition may be due to amelioration of sleep hypoxemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Mottled permanent incisors in 15-year-old Lagos children.

Mottled permanent incisors were studied in a stratified convenience sample of 206 Lagos schoolchildren aged 15 years. The mouth prevalence of this condition was 32%, and the right-left symmetry of the mottled incisors occurred very approximately in only a third of those persons with mottling. The distribution pattern was similar to that observed in similarly aged children in non-fluoride communities, and also that observed in optimally fluoridated Anglesey, England. The cause of this type of mottling in unknown, but its distribution suggests that endogenous (possibly genetic) factors may be involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Dipylidiasis in a 57-year-old woman.

An interesting case of tapeworm infection in a human caused by Dipylidium caninum was recently diagnosed in the Illawarra area of N.S.W. Since it involved and adult (a 57-year-old woman) and recorded human infections are rare in the Australian literature, it was decided to describe this case of dipylidiasis.

Cestoda↗
PubMed1977

Studies of membrane fusion. I. Paramyxovirus-induced cell fusion, a scanning electron-microscope study.

Fusion of erythrocytes and HeLa cells with Sendai and Newcastle disease viruses has been studied by scanning electron microscopy. Most virus particles are spherical but vary in diameter from approximately 200 to approximately 600 nm. At 4 degrees C virus particles bind randomly to the cell surface and at high cell densities cross-linking of adjacent cells by virus particles results in cell agglutination. Cell-cell fusion takes place when the agglutinated cell suspension is warmed to 37 degrees C. Fusion is initiated at sites of cell-cell contact and is accompanied in all cases by cell swelling. In the case of suspension HeLa cells, virally mediated cell swelling involves an 'unfolding' of cell surface microvilli and results in the formation of smooth-surfaced single or fused cells. With erythrocytes, swelling results in haemolysis. There is a dramatic reduction in the numbers of virus particles bound to cells following fusion.

Cell Aggregation↗