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Biomedical subjects

D Jha

Publications and source records attributed to D Jha.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Inability of laser and rotary instrumentation to eliminate root canal infection.

BACKGROUND: The authors evaluated the antibacterial effectiveness of laser instrumentation and rotary instrumentation of anterior, single-rooted teeth infected with Enterococcus faecalis. METHODS: The authors divided 35 infected samples into five groups: Group A: inoculation, laser, 17 percent ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetate (EDTA), 2.5 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (n=10); Group B: inoculation, laser, 17 percent EDTA, sterile saline (n = 10); Group C: inoculation, rotary, 17 percent EDTA, 2.5 percent NaOCl (n=10); Group D: inoculation, no instrumentation (positive control) (n=5); Group E: no inoculation, no instrumentation (negative control) (n=5). They sampled and incubated dentin shavings from each canal for bacterial growth. RESULTS: In Group A, eight tubes were positive for bacterial growth. In Group B, 10 tubes were positive for bacterial growth. In Group C, six tube were positive for bacterial growth. In Group D, all of the tubes were positive for bacterial growth. In Group E, no tubes showed bacterial growth. The Fisher exact test showed no significant differences among groups A, E and C. CONCLUSION: Neither the laser nor the rotary instrumentation was able to eliminate endodontic infection. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Although lasers have been presented as high-tech tools for disinfecting root canals, the laser was ineffective in this study.

Chelating Agents↗
PubMed2003

Neuro-endoscopic surgery--experience and outcome analysis of 102 consecutive procedures in a busy neurosurgical centre of India.

BACKGROUND: Neuro-endoscopic surgery is finding increasing application for various clinical conditions. We present our experience of 100 cases of diverse intracranial lesions, including infections, managed by neuro-endoscopy in a busy neurosurgical department in the developing world. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred patients treated from March 1996 to February 2002 formed the study group. Management of hydrocephalous by Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was the aim in 75 patients with or without diagnostic biopsy. Excision or resection was attempted in 25 patients with juxtaventricular or intraventricular lesions. Endoscopic procedures included total tumour resection, partial resection, biopsy, stent placement, Monroplasty, septostomy and third ventriculostomy. Outcomes of endoscopic surgery were evaluated with respect to clinical and/or radiological improvement, complications and need for additional therapy. FINDINGS: Endoscopy was the only surgical treatment in 59 patients. Intermittent lumbar drainage for cerebrospinal fluid leak, shunt, microsurgery and/or repeat endoscopic surgery were additional treatments needed in 39 patients, who subsequently had increased hospital stay, postoperative morbidity and a higher cost of treatment. Peroperative bleeding due to distorted anatomy and obscured vision in 2 patients with post-infective loculated hydrocephalus (LH) resulted in two fatalities (2%) in the early post-operative period. INTERPRETATION: Neuro-endoscopic surgery cuts down operative time and hospital stay, reduces cost and results in a faster turnover of the patients. It is a versatile and useful tool for a busy neurosurgical department.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Differentiation of tuberculous from pyogenic brain abscesses with in vivo proton MR spectroscopy and magnetization transfer MR imaging.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging features are nonspecific with respect to the causative organism for patients with brain abscesses. On the basis of the hypothesis that the biochemical environment depends on the infecting organism and might be different in tuberculous compared with pyogenic brain abscesses, this study attempted to determine whether pyogenic brain abscesses can be differentiated from tuberculous brain abscesses by use of magnetization transfer (MT) MR imaging and in vivo proton MR spectroscopy. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with a total of 33 pyogenic brain abscesses and three patients with a total of 12 tuberculous abscesses were evaluated with in vivo MR spectroscopy and MT MR imaging. The diagnosis in all cases was based on the culture of the causative organisms and histopathology whenever done as a part of clinical management. RESULTS: All 27 patients with pyogenic brain abscesses had lipid and lactate levels of 1.3 ppm and amino acid levels of 0.9 ppm with or without the presence of succinate, acetate, alanine, and glycine, while the three patients with tuberculous abscesses showed only such lipid and lactate levels. The MT ratio from the wall of the pyogenic abscesses was significantly higher (P <.001) than that from the tuberculous abscess wall. CONCLUSION: It might be possible to differentiate tuberculous abscesses from pyogenic abscesses by using MT MR imaging and in vivo MR spectroscopy, which could be of value in influencing the management of such cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Congenital supraglottic cyst: a rare cause of stridor.

Congenital laryngeal cysts are very rare and if mismanaged, lead to a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. The case may present as severe stridor and emergent management can obviate a tracheostomy, achieving cure in the process. We report here a case of supraglottic cyst, which was completely occluding the airway and was managed in the emergency setting.

Cysts↗
PubMed1995

Epidemiology of meningococcal carrier state amongst recruits of a military training centre.

An epidemiological study was carried out to determine meningococcal carrier state amongst recruits of a military training centre. 360 recruits with divergent socioeconomic, ethnic backgrounds were studied. Epidemiological factors such as age, religion, educational status, housing conditions, family structure were considered. The overall carrier rate was 11.94%. Carrier rate was higher amongst recruits from poor background and joint families. No association was found between carrier state and smoking as well as those suffering from upper respiratory tract infection. Carrier rate was aslo studied in relation to age, marital status, educational back ground and region.

Adolescent↗