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Biomedical subjects

D K Kochar

Publications and source records attributed to D K Kochar.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Exercise induced proteinuria as an early indicator of diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy is a life threatening microvascular complication of diabetes characterized by presence of proteinuria and progressive impairment of renal function. This study was carried out on 25 patients of diabetes mellitus and 25 healthy individuals who served as controls. All the persons were asked to perform certain programmed amount of exercise and protein excretion rates were measured in urine collected over following three periods: just before exercise, just after exercise and one hour post exercise. It was observed that basal urinary protein excretion rate as well as exercise induced urinary protein levels were significantly higher in diabetics than in control (p < 0.001). Values were significantly higher in uncontrolled diabetes as compared to those with good metabolic control. Urinary protein values were also related to the duration of diabetes. Higher values were observed in patients having diabetes of more than 5 years as compared to those with less than 5 years duration. This test is good and easy to perform for early detection and management of diabetic nephropathy which is essential to reduce long term morbidity and mortality in diabetics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia--a clinical trial of aspirin in chloroform for anodyne.

Pain associated with Herpes Zoster (HZ) and Post-herpetic Neuralgia (PHN) has been a challenging task to manage with ease. Topical aspirin dissolved in chloroform is an effective means of reducing pain due to HZ and PHN in most patients. The locus of pain origin and analgesia induced by topical aspirin is supposed to be at cutaneous free nerve ending pain receptors. The present study was conduced in fifty two patients of HZ and PHN. Pain intensity before and after the application of drug was measured with help of Sort Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SE-MPQ). Most of the patients experienced relief of pain within 1-5 minutes after the aspirin-chloroform application. Maximum relief was achieved in about 30-40 minutes and persisted for 5-6 hrs. In the beginning 3-4 applications were required but frequency decreased gradually as the pain abated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

Study of brain stem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEPs) and visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) in leprosy.

A study of brain stem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEPs) and visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) was done on 25 newly diagnosed patients with leprosy whose diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy. The results were compared with 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In BAEPs the important observations were the prolonged latency of wave V in 13 (52%), delayed interpeak latency (IPL) of wave I-III in 5 (20%) cases, of wave III-V in 12/25 (40%), suggesting a conduction abnormality of the VIII cranial nerve in its peripheral part, in its nucleus and in its connection in the brain stem. In VEPs, a delayed peak latency of major positive potential (P100) was seen in 20 cases (80%; 11/13, 84.6% TT; 7/10, 70% LL; 2/2, 100% BL), suggestive of subclinical optic nerve involvement. The BAEPs and VEPs were both abnormal in 10 cases (40%; 3/13, 23% TT; 5/10, 50% LL; 2/2, 100% BL). Conduction abnormalities of the central nervous system (CNS) were observed more frequently in lepromatous leprosy, as in other forms of peripheral neuropathy such as hereditary motor sensory neuropathy type I (HMSN I). There is a fair possibility of similar multiple demyelinating lesions in the CNS also, as is seen in leprous peripheral neuropathy. This hypothesis requires further strengthening by an extensive study of multimodality evoked potentials with magnetic resonance imaging in the patients. Histopathological and immunofluorescent studies of autopsy material of the brain can also contribute significantly to solve the dilemma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in enteric encephalopathy (EE).

BAEPs and SEPs were studied in 25 patients of enteric encephalopathy in acute phase and the results were compared with 25 healthy control persons. In the study the important observations of BAEPs were delayed peak latency of wave III, wave V and delayed ILP I-V, and of SEPs was prolonged peak latency of N20. The electrophysiological evidence suggests metabolic cause for the coma and the SEP changes were similar to those observed in cerebral malaria reported earlier in this laboratory.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Incidence and outcome of neurological sequelae in survivors of cerebral malaria.

This hospital based study was carried out on 185 adult patients of cerebral malaria. Out of 185 patients, 62 (33.5%) died and 123 (66.5%) survived. Neurological sequelae were present in 13 (10.5%) of 123 survivors at the time of discharge (i.e. 10-15 days after recovery from coma) from the hospital. These were in form of psychosis in 5 patients (4%), cerebellar ataxia in 4 patients (3.2%), extrapyramidal rigidity in 2 patients (1.62%) and hemiplegia in 2 patients (1.62%).

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Delayed cerebellar ataxia--a complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Cerebellar ataxia is an unusual post malarial complication. We encountered 10 patients of this disease (3 in 1992 and 7 in 1994) during the malaria epidemic period in Bikaner, Rajasthan. All patients were permanent residents to malaria endemic areas. The ataxic symptoms appeared after an afebrile period of 2-7 days. The neurological examination revealed no other abnormality except a cerebellar syndrome interfering with normal gait and speech. Lower limbs were affected more than the upper limbs and the mean delay between onset of fever and onset of cerebellar ataxia was 13 days. Peripheral blood film of all cases showed gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum and in two cases schizonts of the same. All the patients improved within one month without any residual deficit. Further follow up for next 4 weeks revealed no abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Study of nerve conduction velocity, somatosensory-evoked potential and late responses (H-reflex and F-wave) of posterior tibial nerve in leprosy.

The present study was conducted in 25 leprosy patients (of different age and sex) with or without clinical evidence of neuropathy. The diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy. A group of 15 age- and sex-matched, healthy persons also were studied for comparison and served as controls. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was reduced in nine patients (36%) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) was reduced in three patients (12%). Late responses (H-reflex and F-wave) were deranged in 16 patients (64%). Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) was deranged in 13 patients (52%). N7-N18 interpeak latency (PCT) was prolonged in two patients (8%); none showed prolongation of N18-N35 interpeak latency (CCT). We observed that nerve conduction velocity, late responses, and SSEPs were deranged in all types of leprosy, regardless of clinical evidence of neuropathy, and were more prominently affected in the tuberculoid (TT) type of leprosy. A study of late responses is more informative than conventional nerve conduction studies for the detection of early lesions of the nerves. The study of SSEP shows involvement of the peripheral part of the nervous system and complete sparing of the central part of the nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Meige's syndrome.

A case of Meige's syndrome is reported who presented with blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia along with dislocation of jaw, due to severe dystonia. Such severe form of dystonia are very rare.

Adult↗