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Biomedical subjects

D K Marzouk

Publications and source records attributed to D K Marzouk.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

High voltage electrical stimulation in the augmentation of muscle strength: effects of pulse frequency.

This study was designed to determine the effects of pulse frequency (20pps, 45pps, 80pps) on subjects' voltage tolerance, delayed muscle soreness, and muscle strength gained following 6 weeks of electrical stimulation. Thirty healthy men (mean age = 22 years) were randomly assigned to three groups. Subjects in group 1 (n = 10), group 2 (n = 10), and group 3 (n = 10) had their right quadriceps femoris muscles electrically stimulated with a high-voltage pulsed galvanic stimulator present at pulse frequencies of 20pps, 45pps, and 80pps, respectively. The left limb of each subject served as the control. For all the groups, the duty cycle of the stimulator was set at 10 seconds on and 50 seconds off during the stimulation. At each training session, the maximal tolerable voltage for each subject was monitored. Ten maximum contractions was allowed at each training session. Muscle soreness perception was evaluated 48 hours after stimulation using a 10-point visual analog scale. Electrical stimulation was administered three times a week for 6 weeks. For each subject, the average voltage output and muscle soreness rating were computed at the end of each week. With a cable tensiometer, the knee extension isometric force of both limbs was evaluated before training and at the end of the second, fourth, and sixth weeks of the study and 3 weeks after training. Repeated measure's analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences in the dependent variables. The results showed that the maximum voltage tolerance, muscle soreness ratings, and muscle strength gained by the three groups are not significantly (p > .05) different.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Implementing the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 in higher education.

The purpose of this paper is to provide educators and administrators in higher education with a greater understanding of how the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) (Public Law 101-336) may affect institutions of higher education and to suggest ways that occupational therapists can assist institutions of higher education to comply with the ADA. When educators attempt to comply with the ADA in systems of higher education, the complexity of universities calls for a model reflective of that complexity. The systems approach to higher education, a model based on the general systems theory, is suggested as such a model. The three essential components of the model--input (i.e., applicants to a university), throughput (i.e., enrolled university student), and output (i.e., the student being graduated)--are acted on by many subsystems of the university. Some of those likely to be affected are application procedures, transportation, housing, dining facilities, and curricula. In planning ways to comply with the ADA, educators in higher education may find that many of these subsystems are required to adapt and make reasonable accommodations for the student with a disability. The model can be used to help identify those subsystems that will be affected by the law and to facilitate planning to comply with the law. Although occupational therapists most often work with persons to help them adapt to change in their lives, they can also work in systems of higher education and help the systems to plan and implement programs related to the ADA. The most effective programs are usually those that are well planned and designed from a holistic perspective, rather than those that are developed as a reaction to a specific situation or incident, that is, programs that are proactive rather than reactive. By using the systems approach to higher education, occupational therapists can focus on those components and subsystems within a university that may be affected by the ADA and meet the individual needs of a university.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related changes in balance performance.

The postural stability of 1280 healthy subjects (640 males and 640 females) between the ages of 6 and 85 years was measured using a modified single limb stance timed test. Balance performance for both sexes increased with chronological age but peaked at different ages. The males' performance with eyes opened and eyes closed peaked at the third decade of life, after which a progressive decline was found. The females' performance with eyes opened and eyes closed peaked at the fourth decade of life and thereafter progressively declined. Except for the first decade of life, males performed better (p < 0.001) than females at all ages. The results of the stepwise regression analyses revealed that stature and body weight were the two viable anthropometric determinants of balance performance; the contribution of body surface area and body adiposity to the prediction of balance performance was negligible.

Adolescent↗