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Biomedical subjects

D K Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to D K Sharma.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Colorimetric method for the determination of captafol (difolatan) in commercial formulations and residues on grains and apples.

A simple and rapid colorimetric method for the microdetermination of captafol (difolatan), based on its reaction with a dithiocarbamate, has been developed. The bright yellow colour which develops instantaneously on mixing the fungicide with the reagent is stable for at least 12 h. The method has been successfully adapted to the determination of captafol in its formulated products and residues on grains and apples.

Captan↗
PubMed1991

Neurocysticercosis in children.

Twenty seven cases (13 male, 14 female) in the age group of 3-12 years with cerebral cysticercosis were studied and followed up to 3.9 years (mean 1.85 +/- 0.91 years). Seizures (partial 76% and generalized 23.8%) was the feature in 21 patients (77.7%) and raised intracranial tension in 15 (55.5%). Five patients (18.2%) had meningoencephalitis, while 4 (14.8%) had obstructive hydrocephalus due to intraventricular cysts in the 4th ventricle. Twenty two patients received cysticidal drugs (praziquantel or albendazole), while 8 had surgical intervention (CSF diversion, cyst removal, subtemporal decompression or extirpation of the cortical cyst). Mortality was 18.2%. Survivors had epilepsy in 18 patients (81.8%), dementia in 2 (9%), mental subnormality in 6 (27.2%) and hyperkinesia in 12 (54.5%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

A retrospective study of 36 confirmed cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) was carried out to detect any variation in the clinical and EEG patterns previously described. There were 31 males and 5 females, aged 4 to 24 years. Onset of SSPE at or after 15 years of age was observed in 22.2% of cases. Rapid progression of the disease was observed in 52%. The first symptom was myoclonus in 61.6%, mental regression in 22.2% and generalised seizures in 11.1% of cases. Low positive measles antibody titres in the CSF were found in 36.1% of cases. EEG analysis revealed slow background in 69.2% and periodic complexes in 94.4% of cases. Atypical periodic complexes, focal abnormalities and paroxysms of bisynchronus sharp activity were also observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Hypophosphatasia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Hepatopulmonary amoebiasis. Efficacy of various treatment regimens containing dehydroemetine and/or metronidazole.

Thirty three patients with hepatopulmonary amoebiasis were studied. Pulmonary involvement was observed in 55%, pleuro-pulmonary lesions in 30%. Typical chocolate coloured sputum was obtained in 24% and pleural fluid in 21% of patients. Entamoeba histolytica were demonstrable in the sputum in only 6% and in the pleural fluid in 15%. The best therapeutic results were obtained with a combination of dehydroemetine and metronidazole. However, metronidazole was found to be nearly as effective as dehydroemetine, and metronidazole 400 mg and 800 mg were equally effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis: a preliminary report.

The diagnostic efficacy of an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated in cases of neurocystecercosis. Subjects studied included 22 cases and 30 controls (comprising 12 cases of surgically confirmed hydatid disease, 5 cases each of tuberculoma and P.U.O. and 8 cases of pyogenic meningitis). A standard ELISA was performed using porcine cysticerci as antigen. Sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated for serum and cerebrospinal fluid separately. The test was found to give a sensitivity of 68 and 33 per cent for serum and C.S.F. respectively. The specificity for confirmed case was found to be cent per cent for both with the criteria of reporting used. The sensitivity of the test may be increased by using purified specific antigen and/or sandwich ELISA instead of indirect ELISA technique.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Allograft nephrectomy--a 16-year experience.

A review has been made of the indications, technical problems, complications and results of 31 allograft nephrectomies in 29 patients; 12 patients died between 15 days and 1 month after graft nephrectomy, which was undertaken within 6 months of transplantation. Gross local and general complications occurred in 7 patients who survived graft nephrectomy. The procedure is recommended when graft failure occurs within 6 months of transplantation provided it is associated with systemic signs of severe rejection or sepsis, or if it occurs in cases where continuation of immunosuppressants is life-threatening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Acridine orange stain--a rapid method for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.

The present study included 150 newborns; 100 clinically septic and 50 clinically aseptic who served as control. Out of 100 clinically septic newborns, blood culture was positive in 33 (33%), serum CRP was positive in 64 (64%) and acridine orange stained buffy coat smear was positive in 76 (76%). Serum CRP was found to be the most specific (specificity 96%) and acridine orange stained buffy coat smear examination the most sensitive (sensitivity 94.3%) test for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1986

Role of medullary cholinoceptors in baroreflex bradycardia.

Cholinergic receptors present in three medullary nuclei namely, the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), nucleus ambiguous (AMB) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMV) have been studied with regard to their role in regulation of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and baroreceptor reflex activation induced bradycardia in cats. Microinjection of carbachol into NTS was without effect while administration of carbachol or pilocarpine into AMB and DMV elicited dose related decrease in HR without affecting BP. These effects were completely antagonized by ethylbenztropine. Bilateral muscarinic cholinoceptor blockade of either AMB or DMV, with ethylbenztropine, produced a partial inhibition of the baroreflex bradycardia while intracisternal ethylbenztropine completely abolished this reflex response. Involvement of muscarinic cholinoceptors of AMB or DMV in baroreflex mediated adjustments of HR is therefore suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An analysis of the alpha-adrenoceptor modulation of vasomotor tone at the level of lateral medullary pressor area (LMPA).

Microinjection of noradrenaline and clonidine into lateral medullary pressor area (LMPA) of chloralose anaesthetized cats produced dose dependent decrease in blood pressure without affecting heart rate, while phenylephrine did not elicit any cardiovascular response. Selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists idazoxan and piperoxan, microinjected locally, blocked the effects of the agonists but prazosin and phenoxybenzamine, which are relatively selective for alpha 1-adrenoceptors, failed to do so. Clonidine did not elicit any response in guanethidine pretreated cats but noradrenaline microinjected into LMPA of these animals induced a pressor response which was blocked by prazosin pretreatment. It is concluded that catecholaminergic fibres impinging upon this area inhibit the activity of the inhibitory second order baroreceptor neurone by activating alpha 1-adrenoceptors while alpha 2-adrenoceptors situated presynaptically on these inhibitory catecholaminergic nerve terminals are responsible for the manifestation of the hypotensive effect of clonidine and exogenously administered noradrenaline.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗