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Biomedical subjects

D K Whittaker

Publications and source records attributed to D K Whittaker.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Continuing tooth eruption and alveolar crest height in an eighteenth-century population from Spitalfields, east London.

Earlier studies on dried skulls have shown that continuing eruption occurs throughout life to an extent which appears to compensate for occlusal attrition. Some investigators have interpreted the increasing distance between the tooth cervical margin and the alveolar crest as an indication of horizontal bone loss due to chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. In order to determine whether continuing eruption occurs in the absence of attrition, measurements were made on the jaws of an eighteenth-century population whose tooth wear had been minimal. Horizontal bone loss at the alveolar margin was minimal or absent. Continuing eruption had occurred, indicating that facial height probably increased throughout the life time of the individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Studies on the temporomandibular joints of an eighteenth-century London population (Spitalfields).

The mandibular condyles and glenoid fossae of 93 adult skulls of known age at death were studied in skeletons exhumed from the crypt of Christ Church, Spitalfields, London. Antero-posterior and mesio-lateral dimensions were recorded, as were the shapes together with form and surface changes. In addition, the teeth present and the extent of occlusal attrition were noted. There was sexual dimorphism in the mesio-lateral size of the condyle, and although ante-mortem tooth loss was higher than in previously studied Romano-British skulls, form and surface changes of the condyle were less marked. It is concluded that tooth loss is not the main factor involved in remodelling of the condyle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Use of benzidine for histological demonstration of haemoglobin in human bite marks.

Macroscopic evidence of bruising from human bite marks may be inconclusive and routine histochemical methods of showing extravasated erythrocytes can be unreliable. Leuco patent blue staining, for the presence of peroxidase, Amido black B, a tinctorial staining method for haemoglobin, Perls's reaction for ferric iron (haemosiderin), Masson-Fontana for melanin, Masson's trichrome, a connective tissue strain, and the benzidine reaction for haemoglobin peroxidase were carried out in three forensic cases and one experimental case. A modified benzidine method was the most reliable indicator of haemoglobin activity, especially where dispersion into extra-cellular tissues had occurred. The resilience of the erythrocyte peroxidase enzyme to temperature changes and fixation supports the concept of a "pseudo-peroxidase" in those cells. It is concluded that free haemoglobin from bite marks, or indeed other forms of blunt trauma, may best be shown by the benzidine reaction and that exemption certificates for use of this prohibited substance may be worth pursuing.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Principles of forensic dentistry: 1. Identification procedures.

From time to time the general dental practitioner may become involved in forensic cases, when he or she will need to be aware of the general principles involved and the increasing variety of modern techniques available. This two-part article reviews those principles and techniques. In Part 1 procedures used in identifying bodies are discussed. Part 2 will concentrate on non-accidental injury to children and analysis of bite marks, and discuss archaeological investigations.

Age Determination by Teeth↗
PubMed1990

Principles of forensic dentistry: 2. Non-accidental injury, bite marks and archaeology.

From time to time the general dental practitioner may become involved in forensic cases, when he or she will need to be aware of the general principles involved and the increasing variety of modern techniques available. This two-part article reviews those principles and techniques. In Part 1 the principal procedures used in identifying bodies were discussed. Part 2 now reviews the role of the forensic dentist with respect to non-accidental injury to children, analysis of bite marks, and archaeological investigations.

Bites, Human↗
PubMed1978

The enamel--dentine junction of human and Macaca irus teeth: a light and electron microscopic study.

The enamel--dentin junction of human and Macaca irus teeth has been studied using light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. There are differences between species and within the same tooth. Scalloping, when present, is more developed in the cuspal areas and approximally, and the scallops appear to be formed at the time of maturation of the hard tissues. Enamel tufts and spindles are briefly discussed. The depth of scallops was less in the human deciduous than in the permanent teeth, but no differences were noted between monkey deciduous and permanent dentitions.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative evidence for the helicoid relationship between the maxillary and mandibular occlusal surfaces.

A method for measuring the transverse inclination of molar teeth is described which enabled significant differences (P less than 0.001) between the three molars to be demonstrated for a sample of English Modern (n 24) and Romano-British (n20) skulls. No significant differences between the transverse molar inclinations were found for the Bronze Age (n 10) or the Neanderthal (n 8) sample.

Dental Occlusion↗