Thrombolytic therapy of acute basilar artery (BA) thrombosis has been shown to reduce mortality and avoid a fatal outcome. Objective of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical outcome following intra-arterial fibrinolysis of occlusions of the BA. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records and neuroradiologic results of 20 consecutive patients who had intra-arterial fibrinolysis of acute occlusions of the BA between 1982 and 1990. All patients were followed neurologically for a period of up to 12 years, including assessment of the Barthel index (BI) and brain CT or MRI studies. At the time of treatment, 6 patients were somnolent and 14 comatose, and tetraparesis was present in 15. The time between the onset of symptoms and treatment ranged from 1 to 48 h. The mortality rate was 35% (7/20 patients). Functional outcome was excellent in 9, 78%, of 13 survivors (BI <85). During the cumulative follow-up period (125 patient years) there was 1 death from myocardial infarction and 1 death from pneumonia. Vascular events during follow-up were myocardial infarction (n = 3) and a single cerebral transient ischemic attack. Despite the fact that our series was biased towards patients with severe symptoms, 65% (13/20) survived, and 78% of the survivors reached independence in daily life. These results provide evidence that local fibrinolysis of BA occlusion reduces mortality, and the long-term prognosis of the survivors is better than previously thought. None of our patients had a further stroke during the follow-up period, which indicates that acute BA occlusion is not a strong indicator for advanced arteriosclerotic disease.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome of acute vertebrobasilar occlusions treated with intra-arterial fibrinolysis in 180 patients.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate predictors of recanalization and a favorable neurologic outcome in patients with acute vertebrobasilar occlusion (VBO) treated with local intra-arterial fibrinolysis (LIF). METHODS: The multicentric data of 180 patients with acute VBO treated with LIF were retrospectively evaluated. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the neurologic status before LIF and at the time of discharge. Patient's sex, age, etiology of VBO, recanalization, symptom duration before LIF, and pretreatment mRS were correlated with posttreatment mRS. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent variables for recanalization and neurologic outcome. RESULTS: The overall mortality was 43%. Complete recanalization was achieved in 99 (55%) patients and a partial recanalization in 35 (19%) patients, respectively. Recanalization was significantly associated with a favorable outcome (P < .001). The success of recanalization was negatively correlated with the volume of the thrombus (P < .001). No correlation was found between site and etiology of VBO and recanalization. Neurologic outcome correlated strongly with the pretreatment mRS (P < .001) and also with age (P < .02). Coma lasting less than 4.5 hours led to a positive trend toward a better outcome after univariate testing (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Success of recanalization and neurologic status before treatment predict neurologic outcome in patients with VBO. Thrombus volume has an adverse effect on the recanalization success.

Acute Disease↗