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Biomedical subjects

D Karcher

Publications and source records attributed to D Karcher.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis antibodies against measles virus polypeptides.

Antibodies to measles virus proteins in SSPE, MS and control human sera were compared using measles virus strain Edmonston, productive SSPE strain Mantooth and non-productive SSPE strain DR. The viral antigens were subjected to transfer electrophoresis, incubated with sera and localized after a second incubation with peroxidase labeled immunoglobulins. High levels of antibodies to all measles viral proteins are present in SSPE sera and CSF and to a lesser degree in MS and control sera although the non-productive SSPE strains lack one viral protein (M protein) present in wild type measles virus strains and the productive SSPE strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Antibodies-restricted heterogeneity in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

An animal model which might help to study multiple sclerosis has long been sought. With chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalitis (EAE), the search seems to have brought hope and evidence of comparable pathology whether concerned with clinical or neuropathological results, but no study of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoretic pattern has been made so far. A new sensitive method enables to study the CSF proteins: unconcentrated CSF proteins after agar gel electrophoresis are stained with silver reagents. The silver technique allows to follow the evolution of the inflammatory reaction in chronic relapsing EAE as well as in the acute form of EAE. This technique provides an additional approach to the study of EAE and an argument in favor of chronic relapsing EAE in guinea pigs as a model for multiple sclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Serological identification of viral antigens after electrophoretic transfer.

The method described permits detection of specific antibodies to antigenic material, the protein components of which can first be separated by electrophoresis and then transferred to a supporting medium where their reactivity with antibody may be demonstrated using peroxidase-labelled anti-Ig. Results are described for measles virus and measles-like virus isolated from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) brain. Dilutions, incubation time and conditions, detection with peroxidase-labelled immunoglobulins and selection of substrate are described and discussed.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

Immunochemical determination and immunocytological localization of brain-specific protein alpha-albumin (GFA) in isolated astrocytes.

Astrocyte- and neuron-enriched fractions were isolated by preparative centrifugatin from rat brain and human brain, obtained at autopsy. The brain-specific protein alpha-albumin (GFA) was studied in these fractions by quantitative immunoradiochemical and by immunocytological methods. It is concluded that morphologically intact astrocytes can be isolated not only from rat, but also from human brain. In the rat, alpha-albumin (GFA) is only found in the astrocyte-enriched fractions; this shows that detemination of alpha-albumin (GFA) is useful for the evaluation of cell separation methods for the brain. From the astrocyte-enriched fractions, four times more alpha-albumin (GFA) can be extracted when detergent (0.1% SDS) is used, than when an aqueous extract is made. About +/- 0.15 X 10(-6) particles were extracted in 1 ml of either PBS or SDS/PBS. This suggests that alpha-albumin (GFA) exists in at least two forms, one hydrosoluble, and one detergent soluble, possibly structurally bound, form.

Albumins↗
PubMed1979

A two-site immunoradiometric assay for the determination of alpha-albumin.

A two-site immunoradiometric assay for a brain specific protein (alpha-albumin or glial fibrillary acidic protein) is described which may be applied to other proteins. The assay variables studied are immunoadsorbent dilution, temperature, incubation times, reactivity of the labelled antibodies and effect of the washing. Each of these factors is optimalised, resulting in a sensitive, specific, reliable assay. The working range is 5--5000 ng/ml, the within-assay variance is 5%. No high dose hook effect is seen in this range. The method is applied for the measurement of alpha-albumin present in cerebrospinal fluid, nervous tissue extracts and cell cultures.

Albumins↗
PubMed1979

Diagnostic value of brief microzone electrophoresis of unconcentrated CSF and agar gel electrophoresis of concentrated and unconcentrated CSF.

This paper reports a comparison between brief microzone electrophoresis and agar gel electrophoresis of CSF proteins; 41 different CSFs were examined simultaneously by all three methods. Fractionation of gamma-globulins was found by brief microzone electrophoresis in 53.7% of unconcentrated CSF. This fractionation was found in 63.4% of unconcentrated CSF after agar gel electrophoresis, in 48.8% of concentrated CSF. Serum-like pherogram and the rapid alpha-globulin type were found equally often.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins↗
PubMed1977

A heat stable serum inhibitor of an antigen antibody reaction of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

A factor which inhibits the antigen antibody reaction was isolated from the sera of patients affected with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), multiple sclerosis (MS) and also of control subjects. This factor inhibits the immune reaction between SSPE serum IgGs and measles virus. This inhibiting factor was detected in the alpha globulin region after agar gel electrophoresis, and is heat stable at 100 degrees C for ten minutes.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1977

Imbalance of k/lambda ratios associated with high measles antibody titers in fractionated serum immunoglobulins of patients affected with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a neurological disease which is characterized not only by the appearance of oligoclonal immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum but also by high measles antibody titers and disturbed k/lambda ratios, as well in serum as in CSF. These findings lead to the hypothesis that specific immunoglobulins are produced by hyperimmunisation against measles and/or measles-like virus. Therefore the serum IgG from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients were fractionated by column isoelectric focusing and the k/lambda light chain ratio and the measles antibody titer of each fration were determined. The highest k/lambda ratios and the highest measles antibody titers were found mainly in two fractions at a pH ranging from 8.94-8.51 for the first and 8.88-8.24 for the second.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1976

Use of enzyme-loaded erythrocytes in in-vitro correction of arginase-deficient erythrocytes in familial hyperargininemia.

The capacity of arginase-deficient erythrocytes of patients with familial hyperargininemia to produce urea and to catabolize arginine can be increased in vitro by introducing human liver arginase into their erythrocytes. The results of this study on a specific human model show that it is possible to change the metabolic function of a genetically defective erythrocyte by incorporating exogenous human enzyme. The in vivo application of enzyme-loaded erythrocytes for enzyme replacement therapy of inborn metabolic errors in humans must await in vivo studies on animal models.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1975

The chemical composition of idiopathic nonarteriosclerotic cerebral calcifications.

Calculi from a case of cerebral idiopathic nonarteriosclerotic calcification (Fahr's disease) were examined. The stone consists of hydroxyapatite and possesses a typical structure: the calcification process seems to be initiated by the formation of small round bodies that are cemented to each other to form the final stone. Calcified vessels are also present, but seem to be a secondary effect. From a comparison with other calcifications, it is concluded that no pathologic significance should be attached to the relatively high levels of trace metals such as zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, lead, and others, with the possible exception of manganese. The organic matrix of the stone contains large quantities of protein. On hydrolysis of this fraction, an important unidentified ninhydrin-positive peak was found. No mucopolysaccharides were found.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1975

Structural homogeneity of human subacute sclerosing panencephalitis antibodies.

Three homogeneous immunoglobulin fractions were isolated from the serum of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). All three fractions reacted in immunodiffusion with measles and SSPE virus preparations. The amino-terminal sequence of the light and heavy chains of one of the antibody fractions was determined by automated Edman degradation. A single amino acid residue was obtained at every step, confirming the homogeneity of this human antibody.

Amino Acid Sequence↗