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Biomedical subjects

D Kjaer

Publications and source records attributed to D Kjaer.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Meniere's disease. The clinical effect of gentamicin treatment].

In patients with Menière's disease attacks of vertigo can be invalidating. We have tested the effect of instillation of gentamycin in the middle ear to minimize or stop the attacks of vertigo. The results of a prospective investigation of 14 patients with Menière's disease treated with gentamycin in the period from 1993 to 1996 are presented. The patients were followed up to 53 months after the treatment and a telephone follow-up was performed. At the last follow-up nine out of 12 patients were free of attacks of vertigo. Two improved and one patient was unchanged. In two patients deafness developed in the treated ear, in the other patients the hearing was unchanged measured by speech reception threshold and discrimination loss. It is concluded that treatment of patients with Menière's disease by instillation of gentamycin into the middle ear does have a therapeutic effect. The treatment is simple and the effect of treatment is equal to other types of treatments. The risk of deafness in the treated ears stresses the importance of giving the patient sufficient information before treatment.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

Positional changes and stabilization of middle ear pressure.

Middle ear pressure has been shown to increase when body position is shifted from the erect to the supine position, which is explained by an increased volume of the middle ear mucosa due to an increased hydrostatic pressure. The increase in the volume of middle ear mucosa consists of a fast major response followed by slow minor increase, which is reflected by a similar pattern in the increase of middle ear pressure. Since many otological experiments may be performed with subjects in the supine position, it is of interest to analyse these changes in middle ear pressure, as results may be affected by changes in middle ear pressure. The present study investigated the middle ear pressure changes due to a shift in body position from sitting to supine at time intervals of 15 s over a period of 120 s in a group of 20 normal adults. The middle ear pressure was found to increase 22 daPa (mean; S.D. = 12.1), whereas a stable middle ear pressure was reached after 30 s, indicating a steady state concerning the increase in volume of the middle ear mucosa. Thus, it is recommended that experiments with subjects in the supine position should be carried out only after assuming the position for 30 s. The increase in pressure did not correlate to the prevailing middle ear pressure or to the body height.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1997

Preconditioning the tympanic membrane: identification of cholesteatoma prone ears?

Preconditioning refers to changes in the mechanical properties of tissues due to repeated stress-strain experiments. Generally, after a number of cyclic deformation, a steady state is reached, where the experiment becomes repeatable, and the specimen is preconditioned. Tympanometric measurements of middle ear compliance also show increasing values for repeated trials until after 5 or 6 measurements, where steady state is reached. However, in some normal cases with high compliance it has previously been found that the tympanic membrane is not always able to reach a steady state, but displays larger and larger compliance over trials. This property may be characterized as a decreased resistance against pressure loads, which may lead to retractions, atelectasis, and cholesteatomas. Preconditioning was investigated in a group of 21 patients with cholesteatomas. Due to perforations and discharge the contralateral ear was measured. Nine tympanometries were recorded in one sequence. The increase in compliance between trials showed a complete overlap with a group of 25 normal subjects. For both groups good repeatability between trials with insignificant effect of preconditioning can be obtained after 4 trials.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗