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Biomedical subjects

D Knight

Publications and source records attributed to D Knight.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Laboratory evaluation of the Du Pont "Dimension Clinical Chemistry System".

We evaluated the analytical performance of the Du Pont Dimension Clinical Chemistry System to assess its suitability as a replacement for the Du Pont aca III, currently routinely used for analysis of pediatric, high-risk, and emergency specimens. Twenty-six analyses were studied. These generally fulfilled pre-set analytical goals for precision based on biological variation or "state of the art." Significant economies were achieved and we found the Dimension to be reliable, easy to operate, and simple to maintain. It also fulfilled safety requirements for analysis of specimens of high risk to laboratory staff.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1987

Complete interruption of the aortic arch in a dog.

Complete interruption of the aortic arch was diagnosed by angiocardiography in a dog with exercise intolerance, a cardiac murmur, polycythemia, and cardiomegaly. The defect was accompanied by a patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, and subaortic stenosis. The dog was euthanatized, and the clinical diagnosis was documented by gross dissection of the heart. The site of aortic interruption was between the left carotid and left subclavian arteries, which is the most common location in human beings. The similarity with the pathologic findings of interrupted aortic arch in human beings suggests a similar mechanism responsible for the abnormal cardiac morphogenesis. The defect may be confused with other cardiac anomalies that can result in exercise intolerance, polycythemia, and cardiac murmur. This defect is amenable to surgical treatment, which emphasizes the importance of a correct anatomic diagnosis in clinical patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Functional analysis and treatment of severe pica.

A two-phase functional analysis of a profoundly retarded 19-year-old male's pica facilitated the design of an effective intervention containing no aversive components. In the first analysis, frequent staff-client interaction resulted in 25% and 66% less pica than limited and no interaction, respectively. Paradoxical effects were obtained in the second analysis, where no protective helmet resulted in 38% and 26% less pica than the helmet with face shield and helmet without face shield, respectively. On the basis of these analyses, limited interaction and no helmet conditions were combined in an effective, staff-implemented treatment at a medium-sized institution.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Enzyme immunoassay of phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, carbamazepine and theophylline with the Abbott VP Bichromatic Analyzer.

The enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) for the assay of phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, carbamazepine and theophylline was adapted to the Abbott VP Bichromatic Analyzer. Reagent consumption is reduced by the use of a stable working dilution of EMIT reagent B in EMIT buffer. Correlation with the standard EMIT method is excellent. This procedure greatly increases the maximum number of tests per kit. The method is an accurate and economical alternative to the standard EMIT method.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMed1980

Red cell cholesterol enrichment and spur cell anemia in dogs fed a cholesterol-enriched atherogenic diet.

A diet supplemented with cholesterol and coconut oil is atherogenic in dogs. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of this diet on red cells in pure-bred beagles and greyhounds. Within 3 days after the initiation of this diet red cell cholesterol/phospholipid increased and membrane fluidity decreased, with maximum changes attained by 12 weeks. Serum lipoprotein cholesterol/phospholipid also increased, and serum from cholesterol-fed dogs transferred cholesterol to normal red cells. Significant abnormalities of liver function developed in all cholesterol-fed dogs. Hematocrit declined beginning at 6 weeks, with a parallel increase in osmotic fragility. Reticulocytes were elevated in beagles but normal in greyhounds. Red cell morphology resembled acanthocytes or spur cells. All red cell parameters returned to normal within 4 weeks after stopping the diet. These studies demonstrate that a cholestrol-enriched, atherogenic diet causes profound and reversible changes in the lipid composition, membrane fluidity, and morphology of red cells in dogs.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1979

A pilot study on left ventricular dimensions and wall stress before and after submaximal exercise.

Left ventricle dimensions and wall stress were measured echocardiographically before and immediately after exercise in 14 athletes and 7 control subjects. Our findings suggest that afterload is an important determinant of cardiac performance and wall hypertrophy in athletes. In spite of major changes in heart rate and blood pressure, left ventricular wall stress remains unchanged following submaximal exercise, in trained and untrained hearts. It would appear that the changes in heart size during exercise are to a large extent limited in untrained ventricles, as smaller left ventricular dimensions are required, to "normalise" wall stress. This results in a lower stroke volume for a given stroke dimensional change. Consequently cardiac output is a function of heart rate rather than stroke volume in untrained subjects. The effect of increased muscle mass in athletes, is to permit larger left ventricular dimensions for a given afterload, thus stroke volume can be augmented. The increase h/R ratio suggests that afterload is more important than preload in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy in rowers and swimmers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Lung water changes after thermal burns. An observational study.

Pulmonary extravascular water has been measured as lung thermal volume (LTV) in a group of nine burned patients. Transducer-detectable indicators were used to permit frequent repetition and quick results. Concurrent recordings were made of cardiac output, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and the usual hemodynamic variables. Moderate elevation of LTV was seen in all, reaching a maximum value before peripheral edema formation was complete. Left heart filling pressures were low as plasma albumin concentration. Clinical pulmonary edema occurred in one patient treated mostly with crystalloid solution. In several, a secondary peak coincided with edema mobilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Significane of intravascular coagulation in canine endotoxin shock.

The contribution of disseminated fibrin clot formation to the pathogenesis of canine endotoxin shock was explored in control dogs and in those defibrinated with a purified fraction of Malayan pit viper venom. The hemodynamic and humoral responses after the administration of an intravenous challenge dose of Escherichia coli endotoxin were comparable as was mortality. It is concluded that, although the role of the coagulation sequence in canine endotoxin shock is unclear, it does not appear to be determinative.

Animals↗