Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Konstantinov.
On the basis of our experiences the selection of diagnostic methods for chronic odontogenic sinusitis is discussed. The selection is based on the primary sign, the reduced transparency of the sinus, detected with conventional radiography. Its purpose is the determination of the extent and nature of the opacity. Conventional methods, contrast investigations, conventional and computed tomography are used.
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Four patients with extensive iliitis, observed over a period of two to four years, are described. In all patients this disease was unilateral, and more commonly on the right, beginning in the lower half of the joint. Corresponding to the slow development of disease, there were changes in the radiological appearances; these were indefinite in the first two to four weeks. This was followed by an ill-defined appearance, irregularity and widening of the joint space. Healing was characterised by gradual ankylosis and marked sclerosis of both sides of the joint.
The evolution of pemphigus chronicus has been studied in 3 pregnant women. In the first patient, pemphigus vulgaris appeared 2 years prior to pregnancy. In the other 2 patients the disease began during pregnancy. Both women were treated with corticosteroids during their pregnancy which was normal as was delivery. A complete remission was seen in the first case 7 years following cortocosteroid therapy, and 8 months after therapy in the second case. Prolonged corticosteroid administration had no adverse effects on the fetus. The occurrence of pemphigus chronicus in the Republic of Macedonia during the past 15 years was only 0.14% of all patients referred to the Department of Dermatology. Female patients with this disease slightly outnumbered males. All forms of pemphigus seen in this period were diagnosed both clinically and histologically. The total number of cases was 53, of which pemphigus vulgaris was 74.4%, pemphigus vegetans 7%, pemphigus foliaceus 9.3% and pemphigus seborrhoicus 9.3%. We present our cases of pemphigus in pregnant women with regard to the fact that only few such cases have been published.
Fifty hospitalized infants and small children in the age-group of 3 months to 2 years admitted with scabies were treated with 5 applications of either 10% crotamiton cream or lotion on consecutive days. In this trial, the second to be performed exclusively in infants and young children, an improvement in itching was observed in all patients within 3 days of starting the treatment and the examination on Day 7 showed absence of skin lesions in all patients. Crotamiton cream as well as lotion rendered a 100% cure rate. All patients, including those having secondary pyoderma and/or eczematization tolerated the treatment with crotamiton cream and lotion well and no adverse reactions, either due to the topical application or to the transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton, were reported. Post-treatment laboratory investigations did not reveal any unwanted effect due to transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton on the blood, kidneys or liver. Crotamiton is the only scabicide available today which displays not only antiprurtic but also marked antibacterial properties. It is especially indicated in the treatment of scabies in children as they are very prone to secondary bacterial infection following scratching. In view of its good efficacy and excellent tolerability the 5-application treatment schedule, with crotamiton cream applied to the whole body from the chin downward, can therefore be recommended as an optimum form of treatment for scabies in infants and young children.
Norwegian scabies in two female homozygous twins, 12 years of age, was observed. Both children were in good psychosomatical condition. Clinical signs of Norwegian scabies with appearance of verrucous and keratotic papules on the dorsal aspect of hands, elbows and knees appeared after a year of persisting typical scabies in their family. Serum vitamin A concentration was lowered. The pathogenesis of the disease is discussed. The long-standing typical scabies is thought to be a promoting factor for manifestation of the latent and hereditary predisposition to keratotic reaction of the skin.
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Observations upon a rarely met congenital disease is reported, developing symptomless up to the age of 40. The degenerative alterations of the big joints and the spine are of a special interest as well as the changes in urine, ear and nose cartilages, scleras and the skin in the armpits. A relation is supposed between the deposition of homogentisic acid and the functional changes in the vessels, latent diabetes and renal complaints.
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