PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D L Ahmann

Publications and source records attributed to D L Ahmann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Phase II study of triazinate and pyrazofurin in patients with advanced breast cancer previously exposed to cytotoxic chemotherapy.

The purpose of this phase II clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of triazinate and pyrazofurin in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Although an occasional patient experienced stability of disease, neither agent, as employed in this study, was able to produce an objective antitumor effect in this group of patients with previous chemotherapeutic exposure. At the dosages used in this study, neither agent can be recommended for further treatment of advanced breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

An evaluation of early or delayed adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer undergoing oophorectomy.

We treated randomly 75 premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer with combination chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide and prednisone), either as an early adjunct to oophorectomy or as a delayed treatment upon appearance of progressive metastatic disease after operation. The group receiving early systemic chemotherapy enjoyed an improved response rate, an improved survival rate and, most importantly, an improved progression-free interval (median of 53 versus 17 weeks). With the exclusion of the group with early (within three weeks after oophorectomy) progression, the progression-free intervals had a median duration of 77 weeks in the early-treatment group versus 33 weeks in the control group. The early-progression group did exceedingly poorly, although systemic chemotherapy was employed at that juncture, having a median survival of 22 weeks as compared to 144 weeks in the immediate-treatment group and 105 weeks in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A clinical trial adriamycin (NSC 123127) in advanced sarcomas.

22 patients with advanced sarcomas received adriamycin, 20--25 mg/m2/day for three days each three weeks. Two patients manifested objective response for a median of five months. Eight patients had stable disease for a median of three months. Nausea and vomiting occurred in 21 of 22 patients; leukopenia in eleven of 22; thrombocytopenia in four of 22. There was no clinically significant cardiotoxicity. Our study indicates that this regimen for adriamycin was relatively ineffective in the management of these inoperable or metastatic malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A phase I study of cytembena.

Twenty-two patients were given progressively increasing doses of Cytembena to determine toxicity patterns and to establish a dosage which produces definite but clinically tolerable toxicity when the drug is given by intravenous injections in a 5-day intensive course. Toxicity consisted primarily of nausea, vomiting, arm pain, and transiently decreased renal function. At higher doses, an "autonomic-storm" phenomenon was observed consisting of hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperperistalsis, frequent explosive defecation, facial flushing and paresthesias, and chest pain with accompanying ischemic EKG changes. There was no evidence of mucocutaneous, hepatic, or hematologic toxic effects. Toxicity was dose-related, first being recognized at a daily dose of 300 mg/m2 and becoming clinically intolerable at a daily dose of 475 mg/m2. No permanent damage was observed in any of the organ systems monitored. An acceptable treatment regimen for most patients is 400 mg/m2/day for 5 days. Patient discomfort can be reduced by dividing each day's dose into two intravenous injections given at an interval of at least 6 hours. Coronary artery disease and impaired renal function should be contraindications to Cytembena therapy, and caution should be employed in the patients with significant impairment of liver function. Two of 22 patients, both with far-advanced carcinoma and previous chemotherapy failures, showed a favorable objective response to Cytembena therapy. Phase II studies to assess the magnitude of the drug's antineoplastic activity seem warranted.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1976

Clinical comparison of adriamycin and a combination of methyl-CCNU and imidazole carboxamide in disseminated malignant melanoma.

The effects of adriamycin were compared to a combination program of methyl-CCNU and imidozole carboxamide (DTIC) in 44 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma. There were objective clinical responses in 6 of 21 patients with the combination of DTIC and methyl-CCNU who received this program as primary treatment and none in 23 patients receiving adriamycin as primary treatment. Secondary responses were not observed with either treatment regimen. Toxicity with the combination program included leukocyte depression (less than 3,000/cu mm) in 25% and platelet depression (less than 100,000/cu mm) in 40% compared to 52% leukocyte depression and 16% platelet depression after adriamycin. There were no responses after the combination treatment program in the absence of myelosuppression. There was nausea and vomiting in virtually all patients, which was moderately severe in one third of the patients receiving the combination and in only 10% of those receiving adriamycin. Alopecia developed in all who received adriamycin but in only 15% of the combination treatment group. The combination treatment response of 28% was of the same order as most response rates previously reported in this disease. This randomized controlled clinical trail found adriamycin without clinical benefit and not worthy of further trial in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of VP-16 and the combination of adriamycin and vincristine in advanced breast cancer.

39 previously treated patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated in a partially randomized study evaluating VP-16 and the combination of Vincristine (VCR) and Adriamycin (ADR). Of the 19 patients treated with VP-16 initially, two had partial remissions. No responses were noted in eleven patients who corssed-over after failing VCR plus ADR. Of the 20 patients treated with VCR plus ADR initially, four patients had partial responses. An additional 2/15 patients responded on crossover after failing initially on VP-16. No significant differences in time to last follow-up or death could be detected between the two treatment programs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Nitrosoureas in the management of disseminated malignant melanoma.

Three of the nitrosoureas, BCNU, CCNU, and methyl-CCNU, have displayed significant antitumor activity in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma with none clearly superior to the others, although direct comparison in clinical trials was not accomplished. Response rates to various combinations of these nitrosoureas seem a bit higher, but not dramatically so, when compared to the single-agent response rates, although again this cannot be stated with certainty since direct comparisons were not accomplished. There appears to be no therapeutic advantage to the utilization of any one of the nitrosoureas over the others, but oral administration, as is available for CCNU and methyl-CCNU, is a distinct advantage to the patient and to the clinician. The response rates are, for the most part, rather consistent for the various studies reported in this paper, and these response rates leave a great deal of room for improvement. Secondary therapy utilizing the nitrosoureas was singularly unsuccessful in most of the reported clinical trials. It is refreshing, however, to have agents which have shown activity, although modest, in this most refractory of neoplasms.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1975

The urinary excretion of nucleosides of ribonucleic acid by patients with advanced cancer.

By means of a sensitive and specific method utilizing gas-liquid chromatography, the excretion levels for three nucleosides, degradation minor base products of ribonucleic acid, primarily transfer ribonucleic acid, were determined in 24-hour urine specimens from over 200 patients with solid tumor malignancies. These nucleosides were N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, l-methylinosine, and pseudouridine. When compared to normal control values, elevated levels of these compounds were found for patients in each of several tumor types studied. Increases in pseudouridine excretion suggest increased tumor transfer ribonucleic acid turnover; in addition, for the methylated nucleosides, higher than normal values may reflect enhanced transfer ribonucleic acid methylase activity of the neoplastic cells.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1975

An analysis of a multiple-drug program in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer utilizing 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone with or without vincristine.

Ninety patients with advanced breast cancer received a polychemotherapeutic program composed of 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone with or without vincristine as a control group in a series of four consecutive Phase II clinical trials of new drug programs. Objective regression rates were 59% without vincristine and 46% with vincristine. Projected mean length of regressions exceeds 1 year. Site of dominant disease, disease-free interval, or performance scale score (if score was 0, 1, or 2, ECOG scale) failed to influence response rates; decreasing response rates were noted as the length of time increased after menopause. No advantage existed in patients experiencing severe myelosuppression (nadir leukocyte count of less than 1,500/mm), and appreciable response rates occurred without significant myelosuppression. The addition of vincristine to the regimen failed to increase the response rates, and only increased toxicity. The program as outlined is reasonably tolerable and effective for this group of patients with advanced breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗