Biomedical subjects

D L Garver

Publications and source records attributed to D L Garver.

95 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1975

Growth hormone catecholamines in affective disease.

The authors studied growth hormone (GH) release after insulin-induced hypoglycemia (HI) in relation to urinary MHPG, the major metabolite of central norepinephrine. There was a significant linear correlation of urinary MHPG levels and GH peaks after HI in unipolar depressed patients and in manic patients; however, GH peaks in manic patients shifted downward on the GH axis in comparison to the unipolar depressive patients. The authors suggest that such shifts in the GH response may occur as a result of abnormalities of other neurotransmitter systems also known to facilitate GH release.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment and diagnostic subtype in facial affect recognition in schizophrenia.

Patients with schizophrenia have been described as having deficits in the ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion. We report the results of a study on the effects of global psychopathology, positive and negative symptoms, diagnostic subtype, and antipsychotic medications, on the ability of subjects with schizophrenia to recognize facial affect. Eighteen SCID diagnosed patients with schizophrenia and ten matched controls were evaluated at a drug-free baseline for ability to identify facial expression expressed in a standardized series of photographs, with concurrent measures of global psychopathology, and positive and negative symptoms. At baseline patients were impaired in affect recognition relative to the normals, and impairment was not related to measures of psychopathology or positive or negative symptoms. Performance did not improve with antipsychotic treatment, and patients with paranoid schizophrenia had significantly better affect recognition abilities than non-paranoid patients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

On the physical properties of red cell ghost membranes in the affective disorders and psychoses. A fluorescence polarization study.

Membrane order was measured in the erythrocyte ghost membranes of DSM-III schizophreniform disorder (SF), DSM-III schizophrenic (SCZ) and DSM-III manic (bipolar) (M) patients and a group of age- and sex-matched controls. Fluorescence polarization with the probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene was used to determine the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy (rs). The SF group showed a significant increase in rs (delta rs = 0.037) from the control group. Although the means were not significantly different, 3 of 8 Ms and 5 of 8 SCZs also had rs values greater than the highest control value. Thermotropic behavior of the membranes was evaluated over the range of 40 to 20 degrees C. No difference among groups in membrane enthalpy was detected. Thus, the differences in rs appear to be associated with differences in entropy. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels, which were known to be abnormal in these patients, were compared with the rs values. A significant (P less than 0.001, r = -0.63) linear correlation between rs and membrane PC levels was observed. Overall these data further support the view that unusual membrane biophysical factors may occur with high frequency in the psychoses and affective disorders.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The etiologic heterogeneity of schizophrenia.

Evidence is increasing in support of the etiologic heterogeneity of schizophrenia. Five distinct diseases/disorders are suggested in this paper, and the relevant studies are reviewed. Familial forms of the disorder include a dopamine psychosis (supported by research documenting both altered dopamine activity and early neuroleptic response among some schizophrenic patients), a neurodegenerative psychosis (supported by investigations that document ongoing change in ventricular brain ratio, elevation of products of cell membrane catabolism within the central nervous system, and age-progressive third ventricle enlargement accompanied by delayed response to neuroleptics), and a neurodevelopmental psychosis (supported by evidence of static enlarged ventricles in some schizophrenic patients and neurological soft signs in high-risk offspring of schizophrenic individuals). Nonfamilial forms include a neurodevelopmental psychosis (supported by evidence of neurodevelopmental abnormalities triggered by neurotropic viruses, radiation, or anoxia) and a lithium-responsive psychosis (supported by evidence of a subgroup of psychotic patients who have low risk of either psychosis or mania in their pedigrees and respond to lithium).

Genetic Heterogeneity↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prediction of lithium carbonate dosage in psychiatric inpatients using the repeated one-point method.

A repeated one-point pharmacokinetic model of predicting lithium carbonate doses was evaluated. Six psychiatric inpatients with normal renal function who required lithium therapy were given two 600-mg lithium carbonate test doses 12 hours apart. Serum lithium concentrations were determined 11 hours after each test dose. Based on these determinations, the patients were then given individualized lithium doses to reach a minimum steady-state serum concentration of 1.0 meq/liter. The measured and predicted minimum steady-state concentrations were compared. The mean +/- S.D. measured and predicted minimum steady-state serum concentrations for all patients were 1.03 +/- 0.06 meq/liter and 0.97 +/- 0.08 meq/liter, respectively. While further studies are needed to evaluate the method, the repeated one-point pharmacokinetic model provided accurate predictions of lithium carbonate doses in these patients.

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