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Biomedical subjects

D L Reeves

Publications and source records attributed to D L Reeves.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Wound complications associated with incision enlargement for foldable intraocular lens implantation during cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: To ascertain whether enlarging the incision for implantation of MA60 intraocular lenses (IOLs) causes increased wound instability and compare the incidence of wound-related complications with that after SI-40NB IOL implantation through an unenlarged incision. METHODS: This retrospective study comprised operative and postoperative notes of consecutive patients who had implantation of an Allergan SI-40NB IOL using the Unfolder or an Alcon MA60 AcrySof IOL from April 30, 1999, and before. The operative reports were used to determine whether there were any wound problems, particularly the need to suture the wound. Records from the first postoperative day were reviewed for evidence of wound leak or other wound-related complications. RESULTS: Of the 200 eyes receiving an SI-40NB IOL, 3 (1.5%) required the placement of a suture during surgery to secure the wound. None had a wound leak 1 day postoperatively. Of the 200 eyes receiving an MA60 IOL, 12 (6.0%) required the placement of a suture during surgery to secure the wound. One eye had a wound leak 1 day postoperatively. The difference in the number of wound-related complications between the 2 IOL groups was significant (P =.01). CONCLUSIONS: Significantly more wound-related complications occurred after incision enlargement for implantation of MA60 IOLs than after implantation of SI-40NB IOLs through unenlarged incisions.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Protecting the retina during MemoryLens insertion.

BACKGROUND: To determine the light-scattering power of the folded MemoryLens(R). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. METHODS: The focusing power of 10 unfolded MemoryLenses (Mentor Ophthalmics) was measured using an optical bench. The IOLs were then unfolded in a 37 degrees C distilled water bath and reexamined within 15 seconds of removal from the bath. Resolutions were read after the lenses were dried for 1 hour and cooled to room temperature and again after they were rehydrated and reheated in the water bath. RESULTS: In the rolled state, all lenses diffused the illumination of the light source. After the IOLs were unfolded in the water bath at 37 degrees C, they gave readings of acceptable to high resolution. After the lenses were air dried for 1 hour and cooled to room temperature, the resolution of all lenses decreased. However, after the IOLs were rehydrated and reheated for 1 more hour, resolution was similar to that of the original hydrated lenses. CONCLUSION: When folded, at a low temperature, or dehydrated, the MemoryLens may provide protection from the operating microscope by scattering light.

Eye Burns↗
PubMed2000

Factor analysis of computerized and traditional tests used in mild brain injury research.

The present study examines the relation between a set of computerized neuropsychological measures, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM), and a set of traditional clinical neuropsychological tests. Both sets of tests have been employed in recent studies of mild brain injury. Factor analysis and stepwise regression indicate that both sets of tests measure similar underlying constructs of cognitive processing speed, resistance to interference, and working memory. The present findings indicate strong concordance between computerized and traditional neuropsychological measures and support the construct validity of ANAM and similar procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Repeated measures of cognitive processing efficiency in adolescent athletes: implications for monitoring recovery from concussion.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether an adolescent athlete, in the absence of concussion, would be expected to show an improvement in cognitive function during the course of a high school football season. BACKGROUND: At least 60,000 American high school football players suffer cerebral concussion every year, and symptoms may persist for 4 or more years in as many as 24%. METHOD: 34 members of a cohort of healthy athletes, aged 13-18, were administered a computerized neuropsychologic test battery from the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) before and after the 1997 high school football season, with a mean interval of 16.1 (range 12.3-20.4) weeks between tests. Preseason and postseason scores on eight tests were compared, with significance determined by paired t-test. For those tests in which an improvement was noted, one-way analysis of variance and Wilcoxon tests were used with both preseason and postseason data to determine if there was a measurable difference in cognitive processing efficiency between older and younger subjects. RESULTS: Improvements in processing efficiency (p < 0.001) were noted on tests designed to measure visual scanning and sustained attention (CDS), immediate recall (CDI), and short-term memory (CDD). Older subjects generally performed better on each of these tests, though the difference was significant in only one case (postseason CDI, 17-18 year olds vs. 13-14 year olds, Wilcoxon, p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that ANAM is sensitive to differences and improvements in cognitive function during a 4 month interval in adolescence. They also suggest that using "return to baseline" cognitive function as the criterion for evidence of recovery from concussion may be insufficient, especially when the baseline measurement was obtained 4 or more months prior to the date of "full recovery."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Monitoring recovery from traumatic brain injury using automated neuropsychological assessment metrics (ANAM V1.0).

Twenty-two students in the Coastline Community College Traumatic Head Injury Program completed two sessions of neuropsychological testing spaced 2-3 months apart, using ANAM V1.0. Eight (GP1) were marginally injured, seven (GP2) mildly, and seven (GP3) moderately. Comparisons of first-session accuracy scores with normative data revealed that GP1 was impaired on one test, while GPs 2 and 3 were impaired on 3 and 4 tests, respectively. Second-session accuracy scores were normal for GPs 1 and 2 on all tests, and impaired on one for GP3. Comparisons of first-session efficiency scores with normative data indicated that GP1 was significantly impaired on 2 tests, while GPs 2 and 3 were impaired on all 6. Second-session efficiency scores were normal for GP1 on 5 tests; GPs 2 and 3 also improved but remained impaired on all 6 tests. Based on efficiency, 91 % of the individuals were correctly classified.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Consistency of within-day and across-day performance after mild brain injury.

The objective of this study was to determine whether inconsistent and erratic within-day and across-day performance is a symptom of mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to determine whether impaired consistency of performance can coexist, in the same patient, with intact or "normal" performance on single administrations of neuropsychological and other cognitive tests. The design was a matched-pair study in which a computerized cognitive test battery was administered 30 times over 4 days to all subjects. Performance patterns between TBI and control subjects were compared. Subjects also received traditional neuropsychological testing. The setting was a rehabilitation hospital outpatient department. The subjects were 12 adult volunteers, six with documented TBI and six with no history of TBI, neurologic illness, or injury. Control subjects showed consistent improvement of performance over days 1 to 4, whereas subjects with TBI showed erratic and inconsistent performance across days. In addition to inconsistent performance, some subjects with TBI showed worsening performance across days. The main outcome measures were performance on the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) battery and performance on traditional neuropsychological tests. Some patients with TBI in the study who have normal initial performance on traditional clinical neuropsychological tests and newly developed computerized cognitive tests show abnormalities of sustained performance. Such abnormalities are most apparent when performance is observed over multiple days, and are characterized by erratic and inconsistent across-day performance. Inconsistent performance was observed even in those subjects with TBI whose initial performance was equal to or better than that of the control subjects. Deficits in dynamic performance may explain why some patients with TBI who have excellent neuropsychological test performance nonetheless complain of functional decrement from premorbid ability.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Monocular acquisition and interocular transfer in albino guinea pigs as mediated by ipsi- or contralateral fiber systems.

Monocular acquisition and interocular transfer of a horizontal-vertical discrimination were measured in 12 male albino guinea pigs with unilateral lesions of the striate cortex, and in 6 sham-operated controls. In accordance with electrophysiological and anatomical findings, the animals learned readily using the contralateral fibers, while the ipsilateral fibers were found to be incapable of mediating either acquisition, or retention, of the discrimination. The control animals learned readily, but showed incomplete transfer.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Interpersonal touch in high school relative to sex and race.

Previous studies have indicated that interpersonal touch decreases from kindergarten through junior high. In the present study 1154 pairs of high school students were observed in school cafeteria queues. Instances of touch were recorded along with body parts used to touch and touched. High school students were observed to segregate themselves by race and sex as did the primary and junior high students in the earlier studies. Touch was not less probable than that observed in younger students. Cross-sex touch was not more frequent as had been predicted. Touch was highest among black students. An increase in aggressive touch seen in female junior high students was not observed in the present study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1969

Neurosurgical aspects of unexplained unconsciousness.

Neurosurgical experiences and diagnostic difficulties with unconscious patients without diagnosis included cases of intracranial neplasia, cerebral arteriosclerosis, subdural hematoma, traumatic subcortical hemorrhage, subdural abscess, rheumatic encephalitis, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, subacute bacterial endocarditis and emboli, myocardial infarction and emboli, spontaneous subcortical hemorrhage, fat embolism, meningitis, drug intoxication, uremia, cases in which the cause of death was not clearly established, and phycomycosis of the central nervous system.

Adult↗