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Biomedical subjects

D L Roseman

Publications and source records attributed to D L Roseman.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cytoprotective effect of prostaglandin E2 in irradiated rat ileum.

Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is an infrequent but major clinical problem. Results of previous studies have shown that prostaglandins provide cytoprotection of the gastrointestinal mucosa against a variety of noxious agents, although, prior to this study, the protection against radiation exposure had not been documented. Exteriorized segment of Sprague-Dawley rat ileum was radiated with 10 and 15 Gy (137Cs). One group of rats was pretreated with prostaglandin E2 one hour before and 24 hours after radiation injury. The rats were sacrificed three and five days following radiation injury. Morphometric measurement of mucosal thickness, villous height, crypt of Lieberkühn height and number of mitosis per square millimeter swath of tissue were analyzed. Also, 125IUdR and 3HTdR were injected in a group of rats radiated with 15 Gy (137Cs). 125IUdR counts per minute per milligram of dry weight and 3HTdR labeled cells were counted and analyzed. The morphometric measurements and radioactive labeled tissue counts suggest that prostaglandin E2 has a cytoprotective effect upon irradiated rat ileum. Speculations about the possible mechanism and usefulness of this observation are included.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hickman catheter placement simplified.

A simplified technique to place the Hickman indwelling right atrial catheter has been devised. This involves securing the catheter to a trocar, which is easily advanced to the cutdown site of the selected vein. Experience in more than 75 patients shows this technique to be associated with less discomfort and fewer complications than seen with standard techniques.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

Effect of cimetidine on intestinal adaptation following massive resection of the small intestine.

Gastric acid hypersecretion follows massive resection of the small intestine. Steatorrhea as well as other metabolic imbalances is a challenging management problem associated with massive resection of the small intestine. In the literature, it has been suggested that the empiric use of cimetidine controls gastric acid hypersecretion following massive resection of the small intestine. In this study, an 80 per cent resection of the small intestine was performed upon 12 mongrel dogs. Ileal pH measurements, fecal fat content and serial intestinal biopsies were obtained for morphometric measurements. Steatorrhea was reduced by approximately 40 per cent in the cimetidine treated dogs. Ileal pH measurements declined immediately following intestinal resection. The cimetidine treated dogs demonstrated a return to normal levels within ten days following intestinal resection, p less than 0.05. Intestinal adaptation morphometric parameters revealed an accelerated adaptational response in the cimetidine treated dogs, p less than 0.05. Results of this study colaborates with the empiric and clinical indication for the use of cimetidine in the short gut syndrome clinical situation. In addition, the data suggest an intestinal adaptation accelerated response during the first phase of intestinal adaptation following massive resection of the small intestine in the dog.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1980

Narcotic anesthetic drugs: their effect on biliary dynamics.

Biliary tract resistance was measured in 142 patients during cholecystectomy with the use of narcotic or nonnarcotic anesthesia techniques. If fentanyl citrate (narcotic) was used, there was no difference in the pressures measured in normal ducts between these cases and those patients receiving nonnarcotic anesthesia. When morphine sulfate was administered, the resistance exceeded normal values in five of seven patients with normal ducts.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1980

Staging of carcinoma of the colon and rectum.

Commonly used modifications of the Dukes' system for staging carcinomas of the colon and rectum are inaccurately presented in many current textbooks and articles. These modifications divide Dukes' Stage B category into B1 and B2, depending upon whether or not the lesion has invaded or penetrated the muscularis propria. The term muscularis propria has been incorrectly interpreted to mean muscularis mucosa; as a result, A, B1 and B2 lesions, according to the modified systems all correspond to Dukes' Stage A category, and there is no modified stage corresponding to Dukes' Stage B. It is suggested that the term "modified Dukes" be discarded and that modified systems be given the eponyms of their describers. If the modified systems are to be continued, they must be correctly understood and presented. The simple and unambiguous nature of the original Dukes' system, however, favors its widespread use.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Peritoneovenous shunting in the management of malignant ascites.

The incapacitating, malignant ascites of 37 patients were treated with peritoneovenous shunt using the LeVeen valve. Palliation of ascites was achieved in 27 of 37 patients until they died of their underlying diseases. In ten of the 37 patients, no long-term palliation was accomplished. Complications relating to the shunt procedure were noted in six patients. No evidence of abnormal malignant dissemination was noted. We concluded that the peritoneovenous shunt can be used with relative safety to manage progressive malignant ascites.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Postoperative abdominal infections.

Infectious complications remain an important source of postoperative morbidity and mortality. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these problems can be extremely taxing, and skillful clinical judgment and surgery can frequently make the difference between survival or death.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Intraoperative measurement of common duct resistance.

Biliary tract resistance was measured in 142 patients at the time of cholecystectomy, using a simple technique in which contrast media is infused through the cystic duct at a fixed flow rate. A sharp demarcation exists between the resistance of patients with normal and abnormal common bile ducts. A resistance of less than 2.5 units was found in only one patient with a common duct abnormality, and the test was improperly performed in that case. Two patients with normal common ducts had resistance values of greater than 2.5 units, for a false-positive rate of 1.63%. Overall, the technique gave accurate results in 97.9% of the cases studied.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗