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Biomedical subjects

D Lachmann

Publications and source records attributed to D Lachmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Ultrasound image of an unusual intrahepatic site of a bile duct cyst].

An intrahepatic cyst was found ventral and cranial to the gallbladder without choliangectasy in an infant of 8 months of age. Final diagnosis of a bile duct cyst was arrived at intraoperatively. The article discusses the possible aetiology, non-invasive diagnosis and sonographic differential diagnosis. Sonography is discussed as the method of choice in assessing intrahepatic and extrahepatic cysts and the bile ducts.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Pedigree of the major histocompatibility complex in a family with a neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.

Immunization of a mother negative for the platelet-specific antigen P1A1 against the P1A1 antigen of her child induced neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. This prompt immune response occurred in her first pregnancy and we were therefore interested to study whether there is an association with genes located within the major histocompatibility complex. We deduced haplotypes of HLA-A, B, C and DR as well as of complement C2, C4 and Bf in the maternal family members.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[E. coli dyspepsia].

The incidence of EPEC infections has decreased dramatically in industrialized countries since the 1960s, 1970s, but EPEC remains an important of acute gastroenteritis in developing countries.

Diarrhea, Infantile↗
PubMed1987

[Nonsurgical removal of iatrogenic intracardiac foreign bodies. A study in a 5-month-old infant].

The development of new techniques and special catheter instruments permit iatrogenically embolized polyethylene catheter fragments to be retrieved nonsurgically. A case is reported in which a fragment of a central venous catheter was removed from the right atrium and ventricle by a DORMIA catheter in a 5-month-old child. The literature concerning nonsurgical retrieval of catheters is reviewed and indications for removal and complications discussed.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of a synthetic detergent (Syndet) on the pH of the skin of infants].

The long- and short-term effects on the skin of infants of a synthetic detergent (syndet) with an acid pH were investigated and compared to ordinary soap. The short-term effect was determined by measuring the skin pH on different parts of the body before and 20 min after washing with syndet. The long-term effect was tested in a second group, in which the infants were washed either with ordinary soap or with syndet for 3 days. The skin pH was measured 4-5 h after washing. The results were evaluated statistically. The results show that for a short time syndet displaces the skin pH towards acid pH in younger infants; however, the skin pH is not influenced in older infants. Syndet keeps the skin pH in the physiological range for a longer time after washing than ordinary soap.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1985

[DiGeorge syndrome--significance of early diagnosis in cellular immunodeficiency].

Di George syndrome is caused by anomalous development of the organs arising from the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches and results in congenital aplasia of the thymus, aplasia or hypoplasia of the parathyroid glands and cardiovascular malformations. Clinically, affected children show hypoparathyroidism and, because of depressed cell-mediated immunity, serious bacterial, viral and fungal infections. We present an infant, aged 6 weeks, with convulsions due to hypocalcemia, in which cell-mediated immunodeficiency was detected. Additionally diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities in DiGeorge syndrome are shown.

Calcium↗
PubMed1979

[The significance of respiratory syncytial virus as pathogen in respiratory tract infections in infants (author's transl)].

Ten out of twenty babies aged up to twelve months and admitted during the months February and March 1978 were shown to be infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. During the first 6 months of life the disease usually presents as bronchiolitis. Serologically only neutralising antibodies were demonstrable in this age group. IgA was usually raised in babies with bronchopneumonia. An allergic reaction between virus antigen and maternal antibodies is considered to occur, assuming an activation of the infant's own secretory immunoglobulin.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

[Long-time follow-up of rare liver tumours in infancy (author's transl)].

Two rarely-observed tumours of the liver are discussed: firstly, primary liver carcinoma in a 5-month-old infant, and secondly, myxoma in a newborn infant. Both tumours were removed surgically. The child with primary liver cell carcinoma was treated for 2 1/2 years with cyclophosphamide. She has been followed-up for 8 years and can be assumed to be cured. Both children developed normally. The pathogenesis of liver tumours at this early age is discussed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1977

A case-report of idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis with particular reference to 47-calcium absorption.

Calcium metabolism was studied in a 12-year-old girl preseting with idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis. Absorption of orally administered 47-Ca was high. Serum calcium and phosphorus, serum immunoreactive PTH and CT and tubular phosphate reabsorption were found to be within normal limits. The data suggest that calcium malabsorption, nutritional calcium deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, a dysfunction related to sex hormones, and Cushing's syndrome cannot be implicated in the aetiology of the osteoporosis in this case who recovered spontaneously with sexual maturation.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1977

[Cerebral gigantism (Sotos-syndrome) (author's transl)].

Case report of a nine month old girl with Cerebral Gigantism. It is a gigantism syndrome characterized by advanced bone age, a typical craniofacial dysmorphia and a not progredient mental retardation. Etiology and pathogenesis of this syndrome are unknown.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

[Abnormal lipoprotein (LP-X) in the first months of life with particular reference to obstructive jaundice (author's transl)].

Abnormal lipoprotein (LP-X) represents a specific parameter for the presence of obstructive jaundice in the adult. Since LP-X has also been detected in the serum of newborn infants, both full-term and premature, and in early infancy, in the absence of clinical evidence of obstructive jaundice, extensive investigations were undertaken in infants during the neonatal period to clarify this phenomenon. The present study reports the data obtained in over 2000 sera from over 370 infants (mature newborn and premature newborn and young infants), tested more or less continuously by means of the Rapidophor method, initially on a qualitative, and subsequently, on a semi-quantitative basis. LP-X appears within the first fortnight in newborn infants, irrespective of the mode of feeding. The LP-X concentration was correlated to the birth weight. Premature infants displaying signs of immaturity possessed markedly higher LP-X levels than mature newborn infants. LP-X was not correlated to the alkaline phosphatase level, nor to the gammaglutamyl transferase activity; the bilirubin level, likewise, had no connection with the LP-X concentration. Patients with proven obstructive jaundice showed distinctly higher LP-X concentrations (greater than 56 mg/100 ml), whereby the rise in LP-X level in some cases preceded the appearance of the clinical manifestations of obstructive jaundice. The following hypotheses are advanced in order to explain the presence of LP-X during the neonatal period and are discussed on the basis of clinical observations in adults, the physiological conditions in the newborn infant and the results of the present study: The liver, which occupies the central position amongst metabolic organs, also in the case of the lipoproteins, is at a physiological stage of organic and functional maturation during this early period of life. Under these circumstances, a pseudo-obstructive mechanism on the basis of insufficient excretion of biliary lipoproteins, in conjunction with a simultaneous "physiological" deficiency of lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase could lead to the appearance of LP-X in the serum. Catabolism of the resultant LP-X cannot take place owing to an inadequate activity of lipoprotein lipase. Functional immaturity can be presumed in the case of both enzyme systems during the neonatal period. On attainment of a degree of maturity compatible with the appropriate neonatal stage, the LP-X values become negative between the 7th and the 16th week of life. It is conceivable that the appearance of LP-X in the newborn infant can be ascribed to LP-X1, since the "physiological" LP-X concentrations in the neonatal period (values of up to 20 mg/100 ml) are distinctly lower than the values found in obstructive jaundice. LP-X determination can be rated as a useful supplementary investigation in the differential diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia during the first weeks or months of life...

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1977

[To the Treatment of myelomeningocele (author's transl)].

Social importance of myelomeningocele specially in Great Britain is stressed and surgical treatment in 24 hours after birth is necessary. Severe complications as infections of the CNS and others in consequence of the neurogenic bladder are demonstrated. The manifold problems of these infants and their families need an individual plan for treatment and care. Interdisciplinary cooperation is the condition for the success of rehabilitation.

Child Development↗