PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Landau

Publications and source records attributed to D Landau.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The value of urinalysis in differentiating acute pyelonephritis from lower urinary tract infection in febrile infants.

There is an ongoing debate on the best way to screen febrile infants for urinary tract infection. We examined the urinanalysis (UA) findings on admission among infants less than 16 weeks old, with and without acute pyelonephritis (APN), as defined by the dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan findings, performed during a 57-month period. Forty-nine cases with a positive DMSA scan were compared with 79 negative study cases. A negative UA for leukocytes (< 5 white blood cells/high power field) was found in 4 of 49 (8.1%) cases with APN by DMSA, and in 34 of 79 (43%) cases with a negative DMSA (odds ratio 10.88 (95% confidence interval, 2.31 to 70.3; P < 0.001)). Three of the 4 infants not suspected to have APN by their UA findings would have been admitted for a full sepsis workup based on their clinical presentation and/or their laboratory findings on admission. We conclude that a fresh UA may be a sufficient screening method for the exclusion of APN in infants assessed for fever of no obvious origin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Hospitalization of Jewish and Bedouin infants in southern Israel for bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus.

We conducted a prospective study to determine the clinical picture and impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis of pediatric patients less than 2 years of age belonging to two different ethnic groups in Southern Israel: Jews and Bedouins. All patients younger than 2 years of age hospitalized for bronchiolitis during a typical RSV season were enrolled. During the study period 120 patients with bronchiolitis were hospitalized, and 83 (69%) were RSV-positive. Their age ranged from 20 days to 9 months. Fifty-five percent of all patients with RSV bronchiolitis were < or = 3 months old and 92% were < or = 6 months old. Patients with RSV bronchiolitis represented 18% of all hospitalized infants < or = 9 months old and 35% of all hospitalizations for respiratory problems of infants < or = 9 months old. The yearly incidence of hospitalization for RSV bronchiolitis was 5.4/1000 live births for Jews and 18/1000 live births for Bedouins. The total number of hospitalization days calculated for 1000 births was 32.1 for the Jews and 86.7 for the Bedouins. RSV has a serious impact on infant morbidity in Southern Israel.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Respiratory tract colonization with Ureaplasma urealyticum and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates in southern Israel.

Ureaplasma urealyticum has been recognized as an important potential pathogen in premature neonates. Reported rates of colonization of the respiratory tract vary. Data on neonatal ureaplasma colonization outside the United States and Western Europe are rare. Therefore we prospectively studied nasopharyngeal and endotracheal colonization in a cohort of 114 preterm and 100 full term infants within 48 hours of birth. The colonization rate was 24% in the premature infants and zero in the full term infants. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia developed in 19% of infants with nasopharyngeal Ureaplasma colonization and in 4.6% of noncolonized infants (P < 0.03). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia developed in 40% of intubated infants with positive endotracheal Ureaplasma cultures and only in 9.8% of infants with negative endotracheal cultures (P < 0.04). Thus Ureaplasma colonization of either the nasopharynx or the trachea was associated with an increased risk for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (relative risk, 4.0 and 4.1, respectively).

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMed1992

Effect of growth hormone therapy on IGF-I, bone GLA-protein and bone mineral content in short children with and without chronic renal failure.

Chronic renal failure (CRF) in the young is complicated by, among other conditions, growth retardation, hyperparathyroidism and uremic osteodystrophy. Many children with CRF are now being treated with growth hormone (GH). Since GH has a direct mitogenic effect on osteoblasts in culture, we studied the effects of GH therapy on osteoblastic activity, such as serum alkaline phosphatase (AP), bone GLA-protein (BGP) and bone mass density (BMD) in poorly growing children with and without CRF. Fifteen (4 girls, 11 boys) healthy children with short stature (SS) and 10 (3 girls, 7 boys) children with end-stage renal failure (CRF) 4.5-12.4 years of age were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of GH in a dose of 0.1-0.125 IU/kg/day for 1 year. IGF-I, BGP and BMD of the spine were determined before and after the year of treatment. During GH therapy, a similar increase in height velocity and IGF-I were noted in SS and CRF groups: 3.8 +/- 0.77 to 8.38 +/- 1.25 (p < 0.001) vs. 4.0 +/- 0.6 to 7.14 +/- 1.3 cm/year (p < 0.001) and 7.8 +/- 2.6 to 21.8 +/- 7.5 (p < 0.01) vs. 7.9 +/- 1.3 to 21.5 +/- 5.6 nmol/l (p < 0.01), respectively. AP increased from 205 +/- 27 to 274 +/- 50 IU/l (p < 0.01) in the SS group but not in CRF patients (223 +/- 58 pre- 218 +/- 51 IU/l post-GH therapy).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Body Height↗
PubMed1990

[Hypocalcemia associated with heart failure in infants].

A 2.5-month-old girl and a 34-day-old boy with clinical and X-ray signs of heart failure, and hypocalcemia as well, are presented. Cardiologic investigation revealed no organic causes and in both cases the signs of heart failure resolved only when calcium levels were restored to normal.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Detection of Plasmodium falciparum in blood using DNA hybridization.

A rapid and simple assay for detecting Plasmodium falciparum in human blood was developed. The assay is based on DNA-DNA spot hybridization, using radiolabeled P. falciparum DNA as a probe and finger prick blood as the assay sample. It is very sensitive, able to detect parasitemia levels of 0.0001% in 10 microliter of blood. The assay can be quantified and used to estimate parasitemia levels. Several hundred blood samples can be processed simultaneously, and the entire procedure is completed within 24 hr. This assay can be useful for epidemiological surveys, for screening of blood by blood banks and for health authorities examining immigrants and tourists coming from malaria infested areas.

Collodion↗