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Biomedical subjects

D M BLAIR

Publications and source records attributed to D M BLAIR.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1961

Dangers in using and handling sodium pentachlorophenate as a molluscicide.

In Southern Rhodesia sodium pentachlorophenate (NaPCP) has been in use as a molluscicide in the control of the snail intermediate hosts of bilharziasis since 1953. Until 1959 it had been used on an experimental basis and applied under fairly strict supervision. In 1959, however, it became more easily available through commercial channels and was used as a molluscicide, sprayed on rivers and dams, by farmers using their own labourers. Fatalities occurred and a description of the signs and symptoms to be expected show that the intoxication should be easy to recognize before the condition has gone too far.It is possible with relatively simple precautions to eliminate most of the dangers and there would seem to be no reason on these grounds why NaPCP should not continue to be used on a wide scale as a molluscicide.

Animals↗
PubMed1961

The control of snail hosts of bilharziasis and fascioliasis in Southern Rhodesia.

The authors review the experimental work that has been done since the Second World War on the use of chemical molluscicides in Southern Rhodesia and describe the development of a co-operative snail control campaign involving local landowners and various Government departments. In 1959 and 1960 efforts were concentrated on four large-scale experiments to test the methods of application of copper sulfate, sodium pentachlorophenate and Bayer 73 under a variety of climatic and physiographic conditions.From this work the authors conclude that it would appear possible and practicable to control vector snails in natural water courses and reservoirs in savannah areas of Central Africa to a degree at which it is thought that transmission of bilharziasis from man to man and of fascioliasis from animal to animal does not take place.

Animals↗
PubMed1958

Lucanthone hydrochloride; a review.

THIS REVIEW OF THE PUBLISHED WORK ON THE TREATMENT OF BILHARZIASIS WITH LUCANTHONE HYDROCHLORIDE DRAWS ATTENTION TO THE INCONCLUSIVE NATURE OF MANY OF THE TRIALS CARRIED OUT SO FAR: either the dosage was inadequate or the patients were not followed up for a sufficient length of time. The author stresses the importance of obtaining a high concentration of lucanthone in the body fluids. He suggests that better results might be obtained if the total dose were given in two days or even as a single, massive dose. This method might also reduce the side effects, which do not appear, as a rule, until the second or third day.

Lucanthone↗
PubMed1956

Bilharziasis survey in British West and East Africa, Nyasaland and the Rhodesias.

The author, in his capacity as a WHO consultant, undertook a survey of bilharziasis in British West and East Africa and Nyasaland during 1950-51. The information thus obtained has been revised and brought up to date and is recorded in the present article together with similar observations on Northern Rhodesia, which was not visited, and on Southern Rhodesia, the author's own country. In Part I, each country is dealt with in turn. The history of the disease and the findings of field surveys are reviewed, and, wherever possible, personal observations have been included. The fact that the information is of a scanty and incomplete nature is an indication that further local studies in all areas are badly needed. In Part II an attempt is made to survey the situation from the point of view of the various aspects of the subjects-methods of obtaining morbidity data, intensity of infection, effects of the disease on human health, treatment, and the molluscan vectors.

Africa, Eastern↗