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Biomedical subjects

D M Bear

Publications and source records attributed to D M Bear.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Aggressive behavior following exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors.

The authors report four instances of significant, essentially unprovoked aggressive behavior, including two homicides, following exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors. No subject had a history of violent behavior, antisocial personality, or major psychiatric or neurologic disorder. After anticholinesterase exposure ceased, all showed sincere remorse for their actions, and none has since engaged in aggressive or psychopathologic behavior. Well-controlled experimentation in animals suggests that enhanced activation of hypothalamic cholinergic receptors may underlie aggressive behavior in humans exposed to cholinesterase inhibitors. A relationship between cholinesterase inhibitors and aggression has important implications for public health, raising the possibility of unappreciated neurotoxic influences on behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

An approach to the neurology of aggression.

Aggressive behavior is controlled at multiple anatomical levels within the human brain. To illustrate hierarchical neural controls over aggression, we compare and contrast the roles of the hypothalamus, amygdaloid complex, and orbital prefrontal cortex in terms of their distinctive sensory inputs, effector channels, and principles of integration as deduced from observations in animals and man. We illustrate characteristic syndromes of human aggression resulting from hypothalamic, temporolimbic, or frontal cortical lesions. The application of this perspective to research on criminal violence is discussed.

Aggression↗
PubMed1987

Three patients with concomitant panic attacks and seizure disorder: possible clues to the neurology of anxiety.

The authors present the cases of three patients in whom panic attacks and epilepsy appeared together. These cases illustrate various possible relationships between panic attacks and epilepsy. These relationships include panic attacks representing the aura of a complex partial seizure, panic attacks representing a manifestation of interictal behavior change, and panic attacks and seizure coexisting independently. The authors conclude that exploration of the mechanisms operating in unusual cases like these may provide a vehicle for clarifying the neurobiological basis of anxiety.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hemispheric specialization and the neurology of emotion.

The regulation of such biologic drives as sex and aggression is a critical evolutionary function required of the nervous system. There is evidence that, in humans, the right hemisphere is dominant for many "emotional" functions. In the cortical regions involved in emotion, there are two important, complementary, sensorilimbic connective pathways: a dorsal system critical for surveillance, attention, and arousal and a ventral system specialized for stimulus identification, learning, and emotional response. Hemispheric specialization may introduce lateral asymmetries in these sensorilimbic connections, which could account for contrasting dominance in both emotional functions and some cognitive domains.

Affect↗
PubMed1983

Hemispheric specialization in nonverbal communication.

Subjects sustaining right hemisphere damage were impaired in the ability to evaluate emotional situations presented through nonverbal means, particularly through facial expressions. Left brain damage, even of considerable extent, led to significantly milder deficits. In agreement with these findings, a study in split-brain patients showed the isolated right hemisphere to be competent in evaluating facial expressions but less sensitive to body movements, while the left hemisphere showed the opposite pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Temporal lobe epilepsy--a syndrome of sensory-limbic hyperconnection.

Psychological changes in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy are considered. Prior observations of correlated psychiatric diagnoses and objections to these are reviewed. Specific features of behavior and thought, derived from the literature and clinical experience, are suggested as a more effective way of characterizing the interictal syndrome; their accuracy is supported by quantitative results of an ongoing study, Enhanced affective association is proposed as a mechanism underlying these diverse features. This is interpreted in the light of theoretical and experimental accounts that anatomical connection between sensory and limbic structures are established within the temporal lobe. In contrast to sensory limbic disconnection which results in dissociation of stimuli from affective values, it is suggested that the epileptic process effects sensory limbic hyperconnection, leading to a suffusion of experience with emotional coloration.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative analysis of interictal behavior in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Patients with unilateral temporal epileptic foci were contrasted with normal subjects and patients with neuromuscular disorders in the evaluation of specific psychosocial aspects of behavior. Eighteen traits were assessed in equivalent questionnaires completed by both subjects and observers. The epileptic patients self-reported a distinctive profile of humorless sobriety, dependence, and obsessionalism; raters discriminated temporal lobe epileptics on the basis of circumstantiality, philosophical interests, and anger. The right temporal epileptic displayed emotional tendencies in contrast to ideational traits of left temporal epileptic. Right temporal epileptics exhibited "denial," while left temporal epileptics demonstrated a "catastrophic" overemphasis of dissocial behavior. The results support the hypotheses that sensory-affective associations are established within the temporal lobes, and that, in man, there exists a hemispheric asymmetry in the expression of affect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Ampicillin.

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Ampicillin↗