Posterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Arteries↗
Biomedical subjects
D M Cockburn
Publications and source records attributed to D M Cockburn.
Clinical significance of hemorrhages in the optic disc.
A consecutive series of 8029 first visit optometric examinations revealed 20 patients having hemorrhages of the optic disc. Assessment of optic disc contour, intraocular pressure (IOP), and visual fields was undertaken at detection of the hemorrhage and at follow-up not less than 3 months later. The disc hemorrhage patients were assessed for the presence of systemic occlusive disease. The sensitivity of disc hemorrhage as a sign of glaucoma was 0.3 in the sample. There was some risk of visual field loss after detection of a hemorrhage in eyes having glaucoma (1 of 6 eyes); a similar risk was observed in non-glaucomatous eyes in which bleeding occurred (4 of 14 eyes). Hemorrhages occurred in 8 eyes that remained clinically normal during the course of follow-up. Notching of the neural rim of the disc was common but overall changes in contour of the disc were observed in only one patient. An association between disc hemorrhage and systemic disease could not be established.
Adult↗
Are vitreous asteroid bodies associated with diabetes mellitus?
Twenty-seven subjects having vitreous asteroid bodies were matched for age and sex with control subjects. The results of random blood glucose analysis and 2-hr glucose tolerance tests were used to determine the presence of diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance. Five of the subjects having asteroid bodies were diabetic and four had impaired glucose tolerance. In the control group there were no diabetics; however, three subjects had impaired glucose tolerance. These results confirm that a relation exists between the occurrence of vitreous asteroid bodies and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.036). There was no statistically significant difference between random blood glucose levels of the two cohorts. Four of the five diabetics were excluded from the 2-hr glucose tolerance tests; however, for the remainder of the asteroid body group, there was no significant difference in the results of this test compared with the control group. These results suggest that the relation between asteroid bodies and diabetes may not be dependent on blood glucose levels. Diabetics having asteroid bodies may form a special subgroup of the disease in which there is accelerated degeneration and mineralization of collagen associated with increased intraocular vascular permeability.
Aged↗
Glaucoma enigma.
This paper addresses the complex questions of the definition of primary open-angle glaucoma, its pathological changes, the sites at which these changes could operate, and the temporal order in which they might occur. A vascular model is proposed that could satisfy the several clinical forms of presentation of open-angle glaucoma. Questions are raised concerning areas deserving of research that will help solve the existing enigma of glaucoma.
Axonal Transport↗
A decision-making schema for the detection of glaucoma.
A schema is proposed for management of optometrical patients who may have glaucoma or any of 22 risk factors of glaucoma. The assessment system has established decision points and management pathways based on risk factors in glaucoma which employ only clinical procedures appropriate to current optometrical practice. This schema is particularly designed to permit diagnosis of early angle-closure glaucoma while the disease is in the symptomless phase, prior to chronic elevation of intraocular pressure and the development of damage to the optic disc and visual fields. A recommendation is made for inclusion of the Van Herick test as routine and in the assessment of patients entering the schema. Gonioscopy should form part of the diagnostic workup, but an alternative pathway is established for use when this technique is omitted.
Adult↗
A foot-operated camera trip for the Nikon photo slit lamp.
A simple foot-operated shutter cable frees both hands for holding the gonioscope lens and adjusting the Nikon slit lamp during photography of the recess of the anterior-chamber angle.
Anterior Chamber↗
Anterior-chamber damage as a result of mild ocular trauma.
Relatively mild ocular trauma may cause lesions within the anterior chamber which are easily overlooked. The frequent onset of secondary glaucoma after such injuries emphasizes the importance of carefully evaluating the anterior chamber for the presence of hyphema, iridodialysis, and anterior-chamber recession. A case is reported in which relatively mild trauma caused iridodialysis, anterior-chamber recession, and tearing of the iris stroma and pupillary margin.
Anterior Chamber↗
Spontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis and venous-stasis retinopathy.
A case is presented in-which the detection of venous-stasis retinopathy in one eye led to investigation of the carotid circulation. There were no neurologic symptoms of carotid insufficiency, and noninvasive tests failed to reveal significant carotid pathology. Digital subtraction angiography and carotid angiography demonstrated a carotid plaque of doubtful significance. At carotid endarterectomy, the venous-stasis retinopathy was found to be associated with venous thrombosis distant from the eye and in the internal jugular vein. This site is beyond the range over which isolated ocular vascular effects would be expected and was thought to be unrelated to the hemodynamically insignificant, nonulcerated carotid artery plaque. The possibility of this association being causal is discussed.
Aged↗