Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D M Curtis.
During treatment with cholestyramine for high concentrations of cholesterol, extensive loss of dental enamel occurred in a young boy. This outcome is thought to be attributed to mixing the cholestyramine in Kool-Aid and swirling the mixture in the mouth before swallowing.
Using a series of mutant and chimeric human-mouse granulocyte-macrophage-CSF molecules the binding epitopes of two neutralizing mAb antibodies to human GM-CSF have been mapped. Both intact antibody and Fab fragments neutralize the biologic activity of human GM-CSF. The epitope of one of the antibodies contains residues widely separated in the primary structure of the growth factor that suggests that these two regions are adjacent in the tertiary structure of the molecule. In addition, evidence is presented that both mAb neutralize the activity of this cytokine by blocking the receptor binding domain of human GM-CSF.
This review addresses vitamin and mineral supplementation recommendations, practices and rationales, patterns of supplement use, and the relationship between supplementation and nutrient concerns for older infants. According to current recommendations, healthy infants do not need supplements if vitamin D-fortified milk is used, the diet includes adequate vitamin C, and iron-fortified cereals or formula are used. Infants fed human milk exclusively may need vitamin D supplements. Nevertheless, approximately one third to one half of 6- to 12-month-old U.S. infants receive nutrient supplements, as liquid vitamin A, D, and C preparations or multivitamin preparations, with or without iron or fluoride. Recent surveys suggest that most infants have more than adequate vitamin and mineral intakes, with the possible exception of iron. The risk of poor vitamin A status is less likely than the risk of poor water-soluble-vitamin or iron status in the United States. Possibly marginal intakes of zinc and copper (not in currently available infant supplements) suggest the need for further research. Research, infant supplement formulation reevaluation, and education are suggested so that nutrient supplements for prophylaxis can be used most effectively and appropriately.
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