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Biomedical subjects

D M Grove

Publications and source records attributed to D M Grove.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Sedative and physiologic effects of orally administered alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and ketamine in cats.

OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy of 3 regimens of orally administered sedatives and determine physiologic effects of 1 of these regimens in healthy cats. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study. ANIMALS: 34 cats. PROCEDURE: Cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups that were treated by oral administration of detomidine and ketamine, xylazine and ketamine, or medetomidine and ketamine. Cats were monitored for degree of sedation at 5-minute intervals for 60 minutes. Physiologic effects in cats treated with detomidine and ketamine were measured at 5-minute intervals for 30 minutes and compared with effects in cats treated i.m. with detomidine and ketamine or xylazine and ketamine. RESULTS: All cats treated orally with detomidine and ketamine became laterally recumbent; sedation was more variable in the other 2 groups treated orally. Vomiting and excessive salivation were the only adverse effects. Bradycardia (heart rate < 145 beats/min) was detected at each evaluation time in cats treated orally with detomidine and ketamine and in all cats treated i.m. Minimal differences among groups were detected for heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Oral administration of detomidine and ketamine is an effective method of sedating healthy cats and induces minimal physiologic effects that are similar to those resulting from i.m. administration of sedatives.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Patterns of spirogram abnormality in individual smokers.

Dynamic ventilatory function was measured in 147 male and 212 female smokers with a mean age of 39.3 and 42.5 yr, respectively. The results were compared with values predicted from the results of control subjects who had never smoked, and deviation from predicted was expressed as a standardized residual (SR). Although the flow indices FMF, FEF50, and FEF75 showed a substantial group change in SR for smokers, the distribution of SR indicated changes in the majority of smokers but did not favor the identification of individual subjects as being abnormal. By contrast, the distribution of SR for FEV1/FVC%, FEV3/FVC%, and the time domain indices alpha(1) 75%, MR90%, and mu favored the identification of subjects with marked abnormalities. These volume-standardized indices allowed the identification of 2 patterns of spirometric abnormality prevalent among smokers. Pattern 1 showed changes predominantly in the first 75% of FVC and Pattern 2 showed changes generally confined to the tail of the spirogram; 15% of the female and 14% of the male smokers had Pattern 1 abnormalities, with only 4% of both the female and male smokers showing Pattern 2. These results appear more consistent with the "Dutch hypothesis" and not the "small airways hypothesis" concerning the development of chronic air-flow limitation in smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Time domain spirogram indices. Their variability and reference values in nonsmokers.

A cross-sectional population survey of dynamic ventilatory lung function was performed to determine the variability of and reference values for time domain spirogram indices. The reference population comprised 83 men and 143 women who were healthy nonsmokers. The time domain indices were derived from the blow with the largest sum of FVC and FEV1. Prediction equations for FEV1 and mean flow between 25 and 75% FVC were little influenced by methods for selecting the data from the 3 blows recorded. The variability of the first 2 moments of the spirogram increased with age, requiring a log transformation for regression analysis. Prediction equations for conventional and time domain spirometric indices are presented and reference values are proposed based on an estimated percentile derived from the predicted value and the residual standard deviation from regression. Two time domain indices are identified that may prove better suited than conventional indices for identifying abnormalities in the tail of the spirogram.

Adult↗