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Biomedical subjects

D M Gruber

Publications and source records attributed to D M Gruber.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Thymopentin in alopecia areata].

Alopecia areata is a common cause of hair loss which leads to localized bald areas predominantly on the scalp. Etiological factors are not clear yet, but it is generally considered as a consequence of an autoimmune process. Histological findings revealed perifollicular infiltration of T-cells and antigen-presenting cells. Autoreactive T-cells are reported to amplify this abnormality by interacting with follicular epithelium. There is no effective treatment available at the moment. We report on a 53-year old climacteric woman who developed a bald lesion on her scalp spontaneously in november 1995. Alopecia areata was documented before and after therapy. Treatment with thymopentin 50 mg subcutaneously was offered successfully for 10 weeks, while continuing hormone replacement therapy. Other therapeutical strategies did not proof to be successful before.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1997

[6-sulfatoxymelatonin in women with secondary amenorrhea].

We evaluated the overnight urinary excretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in a group of 347 women (range: 18-69 years). 26 women (range 20-29 years) with normogonadotrophic, hypoestrogenemic amenorrhoea (WHO II) were selected and compared with a group of 26 women menstruating normally (range: 19-30 years) with respect to urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion, serum 17 beta-estradiol levels and response to the thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) test. Patients with hyperprolactinemia, hyperandrogenemia, thyroid dysfunction and weight problems were excluded. 6-sulfatoxymelatonin was found to be significantly higher in the amenorrhoeic women than in the controls (p < 0.000001). In the amenorrhoeic patients a statistically significant inverse correlation was found between serum 17 beta-estradiol levels and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion. A positive correlation was obtained between the thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) value measured at 20 minutes after stimulation and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion. Further clinical research in this field is required to evaluate its clinical impact, especially in patients with secondary amenorrhea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Progesterone and nitric oxide systems].

Sexual steroids play an established role in the mechanisms concerning reproduction, ovulation, menstruation and onset of labour. However, sexual steroids are also involved in extragenital mechanisms, which were described for both oestrogen, and progesterone. Progesterone and its mechanisms of signal transduction still remain to be fully understood. However, there is evidence, that nitric oxide (NO) seems to be an important mediator in these mechanisms. NO, the molecule, which was described to exist in acid rain, was elected the molecule of the year 1992 from the American Academy of Science. NO is a short-lived molecule, which is involved in many reactions as an modulating transmitter due to its high diffusibility and its polarity. NO regulates the immune response of mononuclear cells, contractility of smooth muscle cells and neuronal transmission of non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic nerves. Additionally it was found, that NO may be important in the regulation of menstruation, the maintenance of uterine quiescence as well as the initiation of labour and the maturation of the uterine cervix.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The neurotropic effect of progesterone].

Neurological diseases are frequently observed in perimenopausal women and can be characterised through their gender-specific occurrence. These observations raise the question, whether sexual steroids are also involved in neurologic diseases. Epidemiological data have shown, that in Austria in the year 1993 the prescription-rate of psychopharmaca, hypnotics, and analeptics for women between the age of 50 to 55 increased over 300% compared to other age-groups. In males of the same age an increase of the prescription-rate was not observed. Molecular research during the last ten years has found that sexual steroids may interact with the central nervous system via the GABA-receptor. These observations confirm the epidemiological data, that neurologic and psychological functions may be directly influenced by sexual steroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The significance of progesterone and gestagens in climacteric].

Progesterone is the first ovarian hormone to decrease with the onset of menopause. Its deficiency is mainly involved in metro-menorrhagias as well as edemas, body weight problems and psychovegetative symptoms. Hormone replacement therapy with progesterone or one of its derivatives should be perfectly adapted to the women's needs. It is necessary to offer each patient an individual dose. In order to choose the most suitable way of application, the metabolism for each individual should be carefully considered.

Climacteric↗