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Biomedical subjects

D M Hays

Publications and source records attributed to D M Hays.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Lymphatic metastasis with childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.

Clinico-pathologic reviews of series of children with rhabdomyosarcoma have yielded conflicting information regarding frequency of lymphatic spread of this disease. The 264 eligible entries in the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (from November 1972 to September 1975) have been categorized by a prospective staging system and pre-treatment characteristics and pathologic findings reviewed. Data accumulated thus far have revealed a higher than expected incidence of lymphatic metastases from extremity (17%) and genito-urinary sites (19%) with a somewhat lower incidence from the orbit (0%), the head and neck region (3%), and trunk (10%). These differences in regard to lymphatic metastases were found to have no relationship to age, sex, tumor size, or histologic type when these factors were simultaneously examined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Peripheral total parenteral nutrition employing a lipid emulsion (Intralipid): complications encountered in pediatric patients.

The clinical records of 180 pediatric patients who received Intralipid via peripheral veins at a single institution (1964-1977) were retrospectively analyzed, with particular reference to the complications of this form of therapy. Intralipid was used in a dose range of 2--4 g/kg/day in order to supply 40% of the daily calorie requirements. The patients were neonates, infants, children, and adolescents with a wide range of clinical diagnoses. Local complications associated with Intralipid therapy were minimal. Transient elevations in serum enzyme levels (SGOT, SGPT, and LDH) were observed in 4% of patients, but all of these returned to the normal range after cessation of therapy. Ten patients had histologic evidence of cholestasis, the significance of which is discussed. The lipid emulsion was employed in patients with preexisting hyperbilirubinemia with concomitant resolution of jaundice. Intralipid was administered to patients with known severe thrombocytopenia (secondary to sepsis or myelosuppression) with return of the platelet counts to normal levels during the course of infusion therapy. The use of Intralipid in patients with established sepsis did not delay its response to conventional surgical or antibiotic therapy. There were no instances of the "overloading" syndrome observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Carcinoma of the stomach in childhood.

A case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the stomach is described in a 20-month-old child with a large abdominal mass. The lesion arose from the lesser curvature of the stomach and invaded the submucosa and lymphatic channels. A partial response to chemotherapy, including vincristine, Cytoxan, actinomycin D, and adriamycin, was noted, but the patient died 3 1/2 months following diagnosis shortly after gastric perforation and peritonitis developed. Autopsy revealed a pattern of widespread visceral metastases, accompanied by pathologic findings suggestive of ataxia-telangiectasia. A diagnosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma, although it is rare, should be considered in the evaluation of primary neoplasms of the stomach in children.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1975

The staging of Hodgkin's disease in children reviewed.

The accurate staging of Hodgkin's disease is of greater importance in children than in adults, because the deleterious effects of extensive radiation therapy and of prolonged multiple-agent chemotherapy are of greater significance in this age group. The physician concerned with Hodgkin's disease in children must separate those aspects of developments in this field which are applicable to the pediatric age group from the relatively large adult experience. Isotope scanning is effective in demonstrating disseminated disease in pediatric patients. Lymphangiograms are useful, but are more difficult to perform and to interpret in children. When laparotomy is performed in children with clinical Stage I, II, or III Hodgkin's disease, stage will be altered (upward or downward) in approximately 40% of children subjected to the procedure. As growth retardation, skeletal deformity, and secondary neoplasia follow radiotherapy in children, the major function of the laparotomy is to delineate the extent of the disease and thus define appropriate limitations of therapy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1975

Hemopoietic colony forming cells in regenerating mouse liver.

Cells from regenerating mouse liver removed 2-25 days post 68% hepatic resection have been assayed for in vivo colony forming capacity in soft agar (CFU-C), proliferative capacity in liquid culture, and in vivo spleen colony forming capacity (CFU-S). These studies demonstrated low concentrations of CFU-C and CFU-S in normal and sham operated liver, with an appreciable increase of both in regenerating liver, reaching maximum values in tissue removed 5--7 days post hepatic resection. Colony formation in agar by regenerating liver cells occurred in the absence of exogenous colony stimulating factor. Separation of liver cells on the basis of adherent properties prior to culture indicated concentration of CFU-C in the non-adherent fraction, while cells producing colony stimulating factor were concentrated in the adherent fraction. Foci of actively dividing cells of themacrophage and granulocyte series arose in liquid culture from preparations of sham operated and regenerating liver, although total cell formation was greater with regenerating liver. A small proportion of the colonies formed in agar from regenerating liver consisted of cords of epithelioid cells, which resembled hepatocytes and differed from the macrophages or granulocytes found in the majority of colonies, raising the possibility that regenerating hepatocytes form colonies in agar culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The influence of chemotherapy on the prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma.

A study of 77 consecutive cases of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma treated initially at the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles from 1950 to 1972 demonstrated an impressive improvement in survival of patients when intensive chemotherapy was occurred in Stage II and Stage III disease. Eight out of 9 patients with a primary lesion of the lower extremities developed intra-abdominal disease. A general approach for treatment of Stage II, III, and IV rhabdomyosarcoma is proposed which involves intensive chemotherapy, following biopsy, as the principle treatment, with radiation and surgery used as a adjuvants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Hepatic "intravenous fat pigment" in infants and children receiving lipid emulsion.

In 23 patients who received fat emulsion (Intralipid) intravenously and had subsequent necropsy, the deposition of pigment in the liver was evaluated quantitatively. Pigment was found in hepatic cells (HC) in 14 of 23 patients as well as reticuloendothelial cells (REC) in 22 of 23 patients. There was more pitment deposition in HC in younger children. HC pigment deposition occurred most frequently in patients with acute inflammatory processes within the abdomen. Patients infused with emulsion at rates less than 0.5 g/kg body wt/hr had less pigment deposition than patients infused at faster rates. Neonates infused at rates less than 0.2 g/kg body wt/hr for 24 hr had less HC pigment than neonates infused at higher rates. The quantity of REC pigment bore no apparent relationship to age, clinical diagnosis, rate or total dose of fat emulsion, but was increased in groups infused more than 14 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Liver regeneration: An isolation perfusion system employed to assay hepatic 3-H-thymidine incorporation.

Isolated normal livers perfused with 3-H-thymidine containing suspensions which had been previously circulated through isolated livers either (a) regenerating or (b) "sham" operated, showed equal and erlatively low levels of both tissue specific activity and nuclear labeling by autoradiography. When such blood-simulating perfusates, containing 3-H-thymidine, are circulated through whole isolated regenerating livers, nuclear uptake is apparent and specific activity is increased greater than 100 times over levels obtained when the same perfusate is circulated through nonregenerating livers.

Animals↗