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Biomedical subjects

D M Renapurkar

Publications and source records attributed to D M Renapurkar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Immunodiagnosis of early dracunculiasis.

The enzymes linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test human sera from patients with prepatent and patent Dracunculus medinensis infection with adult worm antigen to asses its potential value in the Immunodiagnosis of early asymptomatic guinea worm infection. The serum antibody response of prepatent sera samples from asymptomatic infected individuals showed a progressive increase in antibody level till the appearance of patent infection. It may be possible to detect the infection at least six months before the emergence of worms in an individual by using this test.

Antibodies, Helminth↗
PubMed1994

Predation efficiency of Mesocyclops leuckarti on first instar mosquito larvae.

This study provides an indication of predatory behaviour of Mesocyclops leuckarti sensu lato against first instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The predatory potentiality of M. leuckarti was tested by 'No choice' and 'choice' experiments. The predation rate increased with increase in prey density and hunger state of the predator and decreased with the increase in water volume and choice of other zooplankton.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Cryopreservation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis third-stage larvae.

An optimum protocol for the cryopreservation of third-stage larvae (L3) of Angiostrongylus cantonensis was determined by: (i) use of different dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) concentrations; (ii) use of different FBS concentrations in RPMI-1640 medium; and (iii) variation in the thawing temperature. Studies showed that with concentrations of DMSO at 4.8% and FBS at 40% and a thawing temperature of 43 degrees C, L3 survival assessed by motility was highest at 56%. The infectivity of the cryopreserved L3 of A. cantonensis was 20% compared to controls obtained from slugs.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1993

A bioassay to evaluate the efficacy of permethrin-impregnated screens used against phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Baringo District of Kenya.

Control of phlebotomine sandflies remains a difficult problem throughout the world because of the insects' very highly specialized breeding sites. Use of insecticides remains one effective methods for managing sandflies. The present studies were conducted to establish how long permethrin impregnated wall cloth remains effective against sandflies. Cotton cloth, impregnated with permethrin (0.5g/m2) were hung inside experimental houses in Baringo District, Kenya, for the control of sandflies. Small pieces of cloth were cut off from the screen every month for 12 months, and bioassayed against sandflies. The cloth was found to remain effective against sandflies for 6 months.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Seasonal intensity of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the intermediate host, Laevicaulis alte.

The slug, Laevicaulis alte, is a vector of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the Greater Bombay area. The seasonal prevalence of A. cantonensis was investigated to determine the maximum intensity of the parasite in a field population occupying an area of approximately 400 m2. The maximum intensity of larvae was observed in the rainy months, June-November. Investigations showed that individual L. alte could tolerate an infecting dose of 150 first-stage A. cantonensis larvae before mortalities occurred.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of the residual efficacy of permethrin-impregnated screens used against mosquitoes in Marigat, Baringo district, Kenya.

Insecticide-impregnated screens and bednets are gradually finding wider use in malaria control programmes. The efficacy of these devices is dependent on the method of application, the acceptability by the people and effectiveness of the insecticide used. The present studies were carried out to determine the duration of the effectiveness of a permethrin-impregnated wall cloth (Mbu cloth) used in the Marigat area of Baringo District, Kenya in order to ensure its effective use. Cotton cloth impregnated with permethrin was hung inside an experimental house in Marigat and small pieces cut off each month for bioassay against mosquitoes over a twelve month period. The wall cloth remained effective for 6, 4 and 10 months against Anopheles gambiae s.l. the known vector of malaria, Culex quinque-fasciatus and Aedes aegypti, respectively.

Aedes↗
PubMed1992

Effect of tissue culture media on multiplication of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.

To date RPMI-1640 has been the best medium for cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. In addition to this medium, several alternative media, essentially the ones used in animal and plant tissue culture, were employed for the cultivation of P. falciparum. Only the media rich in glucose content, viz. Nitsch medium and White's medium S-3, supported the parasite multiplication.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Scanning electron microscopy of Setaria cervi adult male worms.

Scanning electron microscopy studies of adult Setaria cervi male worms showed the presence of horn-like lateral appendages and characteristic striated bands on the ventral side of the tail. All other features were indistinguishable from other members of the genus Setaria.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Distribution and insecticide resistance of the plague flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Maharashtra State, India.

Distributions are reported for commensal rat fleas, predominantly Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild), in the State of Maharashtra, India, including the city of Bombay, during 1965-80. The X.cheopis flea index was high in most parts of Maharashtra, but low in Bombay. Rattus rattus Linnaeus is the principal host of X.cheopis, but the host range includes Bandicota bengalensis Gray, Golunda ellioti Gray, Mus musculus Linnaeus, Rattus blandfordi Thomas, R. norvegicus Berkenhout, Suncus caerulaeus Lerr, S. murinus Linnaeus and Tatera indica Hardwicke. X.cheopis was found to have high degrees of resistance to DDT, malathion and fenthion, tolerance to gamma HCH (= gamma BCH) but susceptibility to dieldrin. This insecticide resistance situation may contribute to the high flea indices prevailing in the state, with consequent risks of plague outbreaks. Two other species of rat flea, X.astia Rothschild and X.brasiliensis (Baker) were found to be less common than previously recorded. Their apparent replacement by X.cheopis is tentatively attributed, at least partly, to the selective advantage of insecticide resistance in the latter species.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of Setaria cervi antigen in the diagnosis of human filariasis.

Bovine filariid worm (Setaria cervi) antigen was evaluated for the immunodiagnosis of human filariasis. Patients with manifestations of filarial infection; [1) microfilaremia cases, (2) chronic clinical cases, (3) tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) cases) were taken for the investigations along with (4) normal endemic and non-endemic human subjects. CIEP, IFAT and ELISA tests were employed for detection of serum antibodies. There was a high degree of sensitivity shown by IFAT (1:64-1:256) and ELISA (1:200-1:20,800) in microfilaraemia cases and higher in chronic clinical cases with IFAT (1:128-1:1,024) and ELISA (1:12,800-1:102,400). Only one TPE case showed positive titre by IFAT (1:64) and ELISA (1:200) whereas sera from controls and patients with helminth infections did not show positive titres (1:100). In the case of CIEP, positive reaction was seen in only one case from group I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Plasma orosomucoid metabolism and susceptibility to malarial infection in rodents.

The effects of Plasmodium berghei infection on liver function and plasma orosomucoid metabolism were investigated in Wistar rats. Infected rats with 20-25% parasitaemia manifested increased serum transaminase levels, hypoalbuminaemia and hypoproteinaemia. In spite of such indications of deranged liver function, the hepatic synthesis rate (as measured by 14C-amino acid incorporation) of seromucoids predominantly orosomucoid or alpha 1-acid glycoprotein) was increased by 73%. The circulating levels of this glycoprotein were also doubled in infected animals. The albumin synthesis rate was not increased. This preferential synthesis and increase in circulating levels of orosomucoid may have in vivo significance in malarial infection, in view of reports that orosomuocid has influence on in vitro invasion of red cells by malarial parasites.

Animals↗