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Biomedical subjects

D M Shepherd

Publications and source records attributed to D M Shepherd.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The effects of impromidine and pentagastrin on gastric output of histamine, acid and pepsin in man.

Histamine and hydrogen ion concentrations and peptic activity have been measured in gastric juice in 8 normal subjects during infusion of pentagastrin, pentagastrin plus cimetidine, and impromidine. The stimulation of gastric secretion under all 3 conditions produced an initial increase in histamine concentration and output in gastric juice, which was not sustained. The total stimulated histamine output in one hour was similar with pentagastrin and pentagastrin plus cimetidine, but was significantly higher with impromidine (p less than 0.05), a histamine methyltransferase in normal human gastric mucosa. These results do not support the concept that histamine is the final local common chemostimulator of the parietal cell in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Work and suicide: an empirical investigation.

The work histories of 75 completed suicides and 150 controls were compared to test Durkheim's theory of the protective nature of work. The suicides showed more unemployment, more absence through illness, had more frequent job changes and held their jobs for shorter periods. They were less likely to retire gradually. There was no difference in social class mobility. Suicides were more likely to come from high risk occupations. The comparatively poor work record of the suicides is attributed to their high level of psychiatric morbidity.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1978

Urinary methylhistamine as an index of histamine formation during histidine decarboxylase inhibition in the rat.

A new method is described for the evaluation in vivo of histidine decarboxylase inhibitors. Urinary methylhistamine excretion is approximately trebled in rats treated simultaneously with the histaminase inhibitor aminoguanidine and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor pargyline, thus providing a high base-line against which inhibiton of methylhistamine formation, and hence of histamine formation, can be measured. Variations in the recovery of methylhistamine are compensated for by addition of a standard amount of radioactive methyl-histamine to each urine sample. The method has the advantage over previously described methods of requiring less radioactive material and fewer animals which, moreover, do not have to be killed and so can be re-used. In addition, the time course of inhibition can be assessed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The immediate and enduring effects of the inquest on relatives of suicides.

A survey of relatives' experience of coroners' inquests on suicides is reported. The survey was conducted shortly after the inquest and gave results similar to those of a survey which took place some years after the relevant inquests. Both surveys show that the inquest aggravates the distress resulting from bereavement by suicide. Implementing the Brodrick Report and preventing the publication of inquest reports in the press would relieve some of this additional distress.

Coroners and Medical Examiners↗
PubMed1977

The relative sensitivity of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes to inhibition in vitro.

The effect of carbonyl and non-carbonyl reagents on five pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes in vitro is described. Specific histidine decarboxylase of rat stomach and non-specific histidine decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase) of guinea-pig kidney are more susceptible to inhibition than are aspartate aminotransferase of pig heart, glutamic acid decarboxylase of mouse brain and kynurenine aminotransferase of rat kidney. This greater effect of inhibitors on the histidine decarboxylases is particularly marked in the case of carbonyl reagents, and it should limit the number of untoward side effects which might result from the inhibition of other pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes when these compounds are used in vivo.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1976

The aftermath of parental suicide for children.

Thirty-six children between the ages of 2 and 17 bereaved by the suicide of a parent were followed up after 5 to 17 years. The children's home life before bereavement had been abnormal because of mental illness, and family disruption and pre-suicide stresses were significantly related to present functioning. An incidence of psychological morbidity greater than that of a comparison group was observed. Some children appear to cope with the experience of parental suicide without serious consequences; for a few there was relief from an insupportable situation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Structure-action relationships of histidine decarboxylase inhibitors.

Substituted phenols were found to be more potent inhibitors of histidine decarboxylase than were the correspondingly-substituted benzoic acids. Regression analysis, though indicating that potent inhibitors of histamine formation are unlikely to be found among simple, substituted phenols, enables tentative conclusions to be drawn regarding the nature of the interaction between these compounds and the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Rural dispensing.

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Community Health Services↗
PubMed1973

Effect of chronic L-DOPA administration of catecholamine metabolism in the rat.

1. L-DOPA was administered to rats by twice daily intraperitoneal injection for a period of eleven days. The daily dose was gradually increased from 250 mg/kg to 1 g/kg. The animals were killed 12 h after the last injection and tissue catechol-O-methyl transferase, DOPA-decarboxylase and monoamine oxidase activity determined.2. Catechol-O-methyl transferase activity was reduced in the liver (46%) and red blood cells (38%) but was approximately doubled in the heart.3. Liver DOPA-decarboxylase activity was reduced by approximately 25%.4. L-DOPA administration did not significantly affect the activity of any of the enzymes studied in brain tissue.

Animals↗