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Biomedical subjects

D M Strong

Publications and source records attributed to D M Strong.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Hand-mirror lymphocytes in infectious mononucleosis.

The identification of a morphologically unique lymphocyte in the peripheral blood of patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) led to additional studies. Examination of Wright-stained smears of EDTA anticoagulated blood obtained from 25 patients with IM at presentation revealed significantly increased (p less than 0.0001) percentages of hand-mirror lymphocytes (HML) (mean 9.2%) compared with normal controls (mean 2.7%) or controls with nonspecific viral syndromes (mean 2.2%). Follow-up blood samples obtained on 10 of these patients demonstrated a marked increase in the HML count (mean 12.1%) that coincided with the onset of recovery. E-rosette separation of Ficoll-Hypaque-derived peripheral blood lymphocytes from 5 patients with early recovery IM showed the HML to be present almost exclusively in the T-cell population, representing about 25% of the T cells. Identical procedures on 5 controls showed less than 5% HML in the T-cell sample. Cytochemistries supported a T-cell derivation for HML. Electron microscopic examination of HML in IM demonstrated that these cells have unique ultrastructural features that may be related to functions of cellular attachment and cytotoxicity.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Reduced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating activity by mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes from patients with aplastic anaemia.

The ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with idiopathic aplastic anaemia to provide colony-stimulating activity (CSA) was compared to that of normal controls. CSA was prepared by incubating peripheral blood mononuclear cells with phytohaemagglutinin. The supernatant derived from the latter is known as activated lymphocyte-conditioned medium (ALCM). The CSA of ALCM in eight patients was compared to that of normals in 12 experiments. In all but one instance there was decreased CSA by patient ALCM. Possible implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Differential effects of interferon on the MHC expression of human lymphocytes. Enhanced expression of HLA without effect on Ia.

HLA antigens are the principal serologically detectable products of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and they function as targets for antibody-mediated and cell-mediated cytolysis. Anti-HLA sera were used in a quantitative absorption procedure to study the effect of interferon (IF) treatment on HLA expression. This study was undertaken since IF has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of cell division and function. We found that IF enhanced the expression of HLA antigens on human peripheral blood lymphocytes by 8-fold. This increase in HLA expression was specific for both the HLA-A and HLA-B regions of the MHC. There was no increase in the expression of the Ia region after IF treatment as opposed to the HLA region. Since IF is an antiviral agent and it also enhances the expression the HLA-A and HLA-B regions, it may be involved in the elimination of virus-infected cells by A and B identical effector cells.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1978

Human lymphoid cell lines as targets for DRw.

Cultured human lymphoid cell lines (LCL) are useful as a source of target cells in several immunologic assays. More recently such cells have been used for the serological characterizations of the HLA-DR antigens. Typing of the same LCL in various laboratories during the VII Histocompatibility Workshop has given comparable results with a discordancy rate of less than 10%. This discordancy is likely to reflect the different sources of complement that can greatly alter the results of cytotoxic assays. The presence of naturally occurring antibody in rabbit complement to human cells can be avoided by: (a) absorbing with human cells at 0 degrees C; (b) dilution with human serum; (c) dilution with heat-inactivated rabbit serum; (d) repeated freeze-thawing of the complement; or (e) careful selection of complement by screening procedures. Comparison of the results of HLA-DR typing of LCL with peripheral B-cells of the same donor show good correlations. However, LCL will occasionally give extra reactions perhaps due to the expression of new antigens. LCL can be coated with F(ab')2 fragments from antihuman beta2-microglobulin antibodies that block reactions of HLA-A, -B and -C antibodies allowing for discrimination of anti-DRw activity.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1978

Anaphylaxis to protamine sulfate mediated by a complement-dependent IgG antibody.

Anaphylactoid reactions to protamine sulfate have been attributed to its capacity for nonimmunologic mast cell degranulation and/or complement consumption. In the current study, evidence is presented for the occurrence of an immunologic anaphylactic reaction mediated by a complement-dependent IgG skin-sensitizing antibody. A retrospective study of blood component donors given protamine for heparin neutralization revealed that prior exposure to protamine is associated with increased risk of adverse reaction to the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Detection of B cell antibodies in renal transplant recipients.

A retrospective study for the presence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies was performed on sera collected from 119 kidney graft recipients. Sera that had been collected on days 12 to 19 post-transplant were tested for cytotoxic reactions against a panel of human peripheral blood lymphocytes from 60 unrelated donors and 37 to 47 cultured human lymphoid cell lines (LCL). Forty-nine sera were negative against peripheral blood lymphocytes but contained cytotoxic antibody against cells on the LCL panel. Several sera were tested on E rosette-purified peripheral blood lymphocyte B cells and T cells from five donors whose LCL had also been tested. LCL appeared to be more sensitive to cytotoxic reactions than their B cell counterparts and may identify additional specificities which may not be related to the B cell alloantigenic system. Mixed lymphocyte culture blocking experiments were carried out against all combinations of these five cells. Some sera showed reactions of identity for B cells and LCL, and blocked the appropriate stimulator cells in mixed lymphocyte culture. Two sera that were positive for LCL but negative for B cell blocked only responder cells in the mixed lymphocyte culture.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1978

Cellular immunity to cytomegalovirus in a patient following bone marrow transplantation.

Cell-mediated immunity to cytomegalovirus (CMV) was studied in a bone marrow transplant patient with evidence of active CMV infection. The lymphocytes from this patient were found to specifically recognize and respond in vitro by transformation to CMV-infected Wistar-38 fibroblasts and by production of macrophage migration inhibition factor to CMV antigen. In addition, plasma and spinal fluid from the patient were found to contain blocking factor that specifically inhibited the lymphocyte response in the above assays. Biochemical, biophysical, and immunological studies indicate that the blocking factor may be an antigen-antibody complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Improved assay for monocyte chemotaxis using frozen stored responder cells.

Frozen stored human mononuclear cells were compared with non-frozen cells as responder cells in the monocyte chemotaxis assay. Frozen stored cells were found to inhibit lower background migration, resulting in greater experimental-to-control ratios. The use of frozen cells also greatly improved the speed, standardization of conditions and day-to-day reproducibility of the assay procedure. Frozen cells were at least as sensitive as fresh cells for detecting low chemotactic factor concentrations and were superior for detecting differences in concentration.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1977

Lymphocyte monitoring as a predictor of renal allograft rejection.

The ability to predict acute renal allograft rejection episodes or infectious potentials by immunologic monitoring was studied in 15 renal transplant recipients. Specifically, total circulating erythrocyte- (E) and erythrocyte-antibody-complement (EAC) rosetting cells were serially studied for the first two months after transplantation and related to immunosuppressive therapy and rejection activity. Total circulating, E-rosetting cells (T cells) were noted to be significantly depressed if rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin (RAHTG) was used in the immunosuppression protocol. The rate at which these T cells repopulated the circulation was measured by calculating their slope (delta total E-rosettes/delta time). Patients with acute rejection had an average slope of 3.2 +/- 0.68 compared to those without rejection, whose slope was 0.74 +/- 0.35 (p less than 0.01). The rapid repopulation of T cells occurred about 10 days before clinical parameters of rejection were evident. The incidence of infection was greater in those patients with total E-rosettes less than 200/mm3. Serial monitoring of total E-rosetting cells after transplantation provides a diagnostic tool for predicting ensuing rejections and can also be used to gain information concerning the susceptibility to infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Frozen-thawed mononuclear cells as a source of B lymphocytes for antibody screening.

B lymphocytes were isolated from fresh blood and frozen-thawed lymphocyte preparations from the same donors. A panel of 55 human antisera, previously found to react with human peripheral blood B lymphocytes in cytotoxicity assays, was screened against these B-cell preparations. There was essentially no difference in the reactions of B-cell antisera with fresh B lymphocytes when compared with frozen-thawed cells. The percentage recovery of B cells from the fresh and frozen preparations was not significantly different.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1977

Tritiated thymidine incorporation and cell-mediated lympholysis as correlates of acute graft-versus-host reaction.

The graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction remains a serious consequence of administration of allogeneic immunocompetent cells to an immunosuppressed host even if donors and recipients are matched for major histocompatibility loci. This report describes a murine model for acute GVH reactions. Spleen cells from C3H/He (H-2k) mice, after intravenous injection of BALB/c (H-2d) spleen cells, were specifically cytotoxic for C3H target cells in vitro 4 days after irradiation and reconstitution. The cells in the recipients apparently are of donor genotype. The spleen cells exhibited rapid proliferation in vitro as measured by the uptake of 3H-TdR. The in vitro proliferation was distinguished from erythropoiesis by an assay of 59Fe incorporation. The kinetics of the in vitro incorporation of 3H-TdR and the in vivo uptake of 59Fe are reported.

Animals↗