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Biomedical subjects

D Mabin

Publications and source records attributed to D Mabin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of central and peripheral administration of arginine vasotocin and related neuropeptides on blood pressure and heart rate in the conscious trout.

The cardiovascular activity of neurohypophyseal peptides has been investigated in conscious trout bearing an intracerebroventricular guide cannula and a permanent intraarterial catheter. Changes in diastolic pressure, systolic pressure and heart rate were monitored during the 25-min period following intracerebroventricular or intraarterial administration of arginine vasotocin and related neuropeptides, including arginine vasopressin, oxytocin, hydrin-2, mesotocin, isotocin and conopressin-S. Intracerebroventricular injection of increasing doses of arginine vasotocin (0.62-5 pmol) induced a dose-dependent increase of diastolic and systolic pressures. The onset of the response occurred within 3-5 min after intracerebroventricular administration of arginine vasotocin and the maximal increase was reached at 10-15 min. Central administration of vasopressin and oxytocin induced a significant rise in diastolic and systolic pressures at a dose of 5 pmol while hydrin-2 only caused a significant elevation of blood pressure at a dose of 50 pmol. Central administration of mesotocin, isotocin and conopressin-S (5-500 pmol each) had no significant effect on blood pressure. No changes in heart rate occurred after intracerebroventricular injection of any of the seven neuropeptides tested. Intraarterial injection of arginine vasotocin (50 pmol) induced a significant rise in blood pressure and bradycardia. Peripheral injection of the other neuropeptides did not cause any modification of the cardiovascular activity, whatever the doses administered (5-500 pmol). The V1A receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5, Tyr(OMe)2]arginine vasopressin had no intrinsic effect on blood pressure and heart rate when injected centrally (50 pmol) or in the peripheral circulation (200 pmol). At the same doses, [d(CH2)5, Tyr(OMe)2]arginine vasopressin reduced by 50 and 66%, respectively, the increase in blood pressure evoked by intracerebroventricular (5 pmol) or intraarterial (50 pmol) injections of arginine vasotocin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Regressive leukoencephalopathy induced by an overdose of cyclosporine A].

We report a case of leucoencephalopathy with tremor and generalized motor seizures a few days after introduction of cyclosporin A (Cy A) in a kidney recipient. There was a relationship between acute neurological symptoms and high and sudden blood level of Cy A (1 260 ng/ml; therapeutic range: 120-275 ng/ml). White-matter hypodensities at CT scanning and severe slow-waves abnormalities at EEG were present. All neurological symptoms were reversible after Cy A level was lowered. Three months later, a blood Cy A level at 217 ng/ml due to nicardipine co-administration resulted in severe tremor and was reversed by decreasing blood Cy A level to 126 ng/ml.

Cyclosporine↗
PubMed1990

[Lesion of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve caused by fracture of the hook of the hamate].

We present a case of lesion of the deep branch of ulnar nerve at the wrist caused by fracture of the hook of the hamate. According to Wu's classification (1985) based on clinical and electromyographic findings and the clinicoanatomic correlations, our case corresponds to type IV of this classification with a pure motor ulnar neuropathy with sparing of hypothenar muscles. Improvement was observed after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Long-term effects of treatment with SMS 201-995 on sleep apnea syndrome associated with acromegaly].

A 60-year-old woman with acromegaly associated with sleep apnea was treated with the somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 (Sandoz) for several months. Growth hormone levels were normalized and a rapid improvement in sleep apnea was controlled with polygraphic nocturnal monitoring. Hypophysectomy seems to have variable effects on sleep apnea in acromegaly. The origin of obstructive apnea in acromegaly is therefore unclear.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1989

[Adrenoleukodystrophy in the child and adrenomyeloneuropathy. Study of 2 families].

Ten subjects from 2 families with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) and adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), hereditary X-linked diseases, were systematically explored. We performed endocrinological, biochemical assays and neurophysiological tests; the latter consisted of nerve conductions (CNV), Hoffmann's reflex and multimodal evoked potentials: visual (flash and pattern, VEP), brainstem auditory (BAEP) and somesthetic (SEP) using median nerve stimulation at the wrist. We only considered values above 2 SD. The purpose of our study was to determine the correlation between neurophysiological and endocrinological perturbations and the presence of pathological traits. Our results suggest that the correlation is high in diseased male patients, lower for the ALD carriers (BAEP, SEP and CNV were more frequently abnormal) and very low for the AMN carriers. Only the biochemical assays appeared to have any value for the characterization of female carriers of ALD and AMN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Nerve paralysis after surgery of the hip. Apropos of 48 cases].

This study is based on 48 cases of paralysis of the femoral or sciatic nerves complicating hip surgery, mostly total hip arthroplasty. Most of these lesions arose during difficult operations. The diagnosis was clinical and electromyographic, but it was not always made from the outset. The prognosis was better for the cases of paralysis of the femoral or peroneal nerves than for the cases of generalised sciatic paralysis in which the recovery, slower as it was, was only satisfactory in 15 cases out of 26. The treatment was primarily medical and required reeducation. A surgical treatment was considered when the electrical exploration showed no improvement after 6 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Axonal neuropathy and chronic Codobromyl poisoning].

We report a 56 year-old woman with a severe axonal neuropathy due to a chronic intoxication by a cough soothing (Codobromyl). Symptoms of codeine and alcohol intoxication were present. The problems of self medication are considered.

Antitussive Agents↗
PubMed1987

Patterns of spontaneous unit preoptic neurosecretory cell discharges in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.

Extracellular antidromic potentials recorded from the neurosecretory cell body were characterized by the following criteria: constant latency, the ability to follow a high frequency rate of stimulation and the collision test. The latency of the antidromic potentials ranged from 12 to 24 ms (17.46 +/- 3.10 SD) which gave a mean conduction velocity of 0.19 m/s, typical of unmyelinated nerve fibers. Two components could be clearly distinguished in the antidromic potential. A small "A" spike which showed constant latency and a large "B" spike with a variable latency and amplitude. A delay of 6.5 ms between the two spikes could occur and sometimes the "B" spike was blocked leaving only the "A" spike. Four patterns of spontaneous activity seem to emerge: Type I (26% of units, M +/- SD = 0.77 +/- 0.32 sp/s) corresponds to a slow and irregular pattern of activity; Type II (28% of units, M = 1.58 +/- 0.47 sp/s) is hard to classify and may be related to an irregular bursting pattern of activity; Type III (28% of units, M = 2.59 +/- 1.19 sp/s) corresponds to a continuous pattern of activity; Type IV (18% of units) represents a rhythmic pattern of activity with an active phase of about 3 min (M = 2.42 +/- 0.90 min), a silent phase of about 4 min (M = 3.89 +/- 3.02 min) and a maximal frequency of unit discharge in the range 2-18 sp/s. No statistical differences exist for the mean dorsal aortic pressure (DAP) between the four types of neurosecretory cell activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Lateralized periodic activity and cerebral infarct].

A series of EEG recordings shows the evolution of a periodic activity (PA) in a 57-year-old man with acute cerebral infarction. The complexes ranged from 100 to 150 microV, the duration was 750 msec; the periodic occurrence repeated itself every 2 sec. PA is obliterated during the onset of electroclinical seizures. The CT scan shows temporal brain infarction.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

[Peripheral neuropathies during treatment with cisplatin: clinical and electrophysiologic study of 11 cases].

Eleven patients with bronchial epidermoid carcinoma and undergoing treatment with cis-D.D.P. (II) were kept under electrophysiological and clinical surveillance. No other neurotoxic medication was added. The total dose of cis-D.D.P. was 300 mg/m2 over a period of three months: namely, three courses of 100 mg/m2 distributed over 5 days. Following the pretreatment check-up, the patients were divided into two groups: those without any electrophysiological abnormality (group A), and those without clinical abnormality but with a delayed latency H of the Hoffmann Reflex (group B). Patients in group A showed a slowing down of the motor nerve conduction velocity of the Median and Peroneal Nerves after a course of 100 mg, without accompanying worsening of the conduction velocity after 300 mg/m2, and prolongation of the distal latency of the sensory Median Nerve after 300 mg/m2; in group B, no significant change of electrophysiological clinical features were noted. In the two groups a non-significant reduction in amplitude of evoked responses were noted. These findings are more consistent with an axonal injury than with functional myelin injury. The authors review the existing literature and discuss the physiopathologic mechanisms of cis-D.D.P. peripheral neuropathies.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Electro-clinical monitoring of peripheral neuropathies in Waldenström disease treated with plasmapheresis].

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of plasma exchange (PE) associated with Chlorambucil in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies in four patients suffering from Waldenström's disease (three cases with IgM kappa paraproteinemia and one case with IgM lambda). Before PE therapy, there was a severe slowing down of the motor and sensory conduction velocities (MCV and SCV) in three cases (IgM kappa) and a less severe slowing in one case (IgM lambda). In three cases, PE rapidly (as early as the third or the fourth administration) brought about a moderate improvement in the MCV and SCV, especially in the upper limbs, whereas in one case, no effect was noted. Clinically, the paraesthesias and dysaesthesias diminished, but the deep tendon reflexes remained absent or markedly depressed. Three months after the PE, nerve conduction velocities were again very reduced. The current literature on the physiopathological mechanisms of the peripheral neuropathies in the Waldenström's disease and the effects of the treatment by immunosuppressive agents and PE are reviewed.

Electromyography↗