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D Mace

Publications and source records attributed to D Mace.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effects of binge ethanol administration on the behavioral outcome of rats after lateral fluid percussion brain injury.

This study examined the effects of 4 weeks of binge ethanol administration (BEAn) on the behavioral outcome in rats after lateral fluid percussion (FP) brain injury. Rats were intragastrically given 7.5 mL/kg of either 40% ethanol in 5% glucose solution (3 g ethanol/kg; binge ethanol group), or 5% glucose solution (vehicle group), twice on Thursday and Friday of 3 consecutive weeks. Then rats from both groups were subjected to either lateral FP brain injury of moderate severity (1.8 atm) or to sham operation. Postinjury behavioral measurements revealed that brain injury caused significant spatial learning disability in both groups. There were no significant differences in mean search latencies in the sham animals between the vehicle and binge ethanol groups. On the other hand, the mean search latency of the binge ethanol group was significantly higher than that of the vehicle group in trial blocks 2 and 4. There were no significant differences in the target visits (expressed as mean zone difference [MZD]) during the probe trial between the injured animals of binge ethanol and vehicle groups. However, there was only a minor trend towards worsened MZD score in the binge-injured animals. Histologic analysis of injured animals from both injured ethanol and vehicle groups revealed similar extents of ipsilateral cortical and observable hippocampal damage. These results suggest that 4 weeks of binge ethanol treatment followed by ethanol intoxication at the time of injury worsens some aspects of the spatial learning ability of rats. This worsening is probably caused by subtle, undetectable morphologic damage by binge ethanol administration.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Three months of chronic ethanol administration and the behavioral outcome of rats after lateral fluid percussion brain injury.

This study examined the effects of 3 months of chronic ethanol administration (CEAn) on the behavioral outcome in rats after lateral fluid percussion (FP) brain injury. Rats were given either an ethanol liquid diet (ethanol diet groups) or a pair-fed isocaloric sucrose control diet (control diet groups) for 3 months. Then, rats from both diet groups were subjected to either lateral FP brain injury of moderate severity (1.8 atm) or to sham operation. Postinjury behavioral measurements revealed that brain injury caused significant spatial learning disability in both diet groups. There were no significant differences in spatial learning ability in the sham or brain-injured animals between the control and ethanol diets. However, a trend towards cognitive impairment in the sham animals and a trend towards reduced deficits in the brain-injured animals were observed in the ethanol diet group. Histologic analysis of injured animals from both diet groups revealed similar extents of ipsilateral cortical and hippocampal CA3 damage. These results, in general, suggest that 3 months of CEAn does not significantly alter the behavioral and morphologic outcome of experimental brain injury.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1979

Purification of the gene 43, 44, 45, and 62 proteins of the bacteriophage T4 DNA replication apparatus.

A procedure has been developed which allows the T4 bacteriophage proteins corresponding to the products of genes 43, 44, 45, and 62 to be purified to near homogeneity from a single T4-infected cell lysate (greater than 90% single species as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide elctrophoresis). In these preparations, the major problem of removing all contaminating nucleases has been overcome. Each of the above proteins is known from genetic analysis to be essential for phage DNA replication. The protein product of gene 43 is T4 DNA polymerase, and its recovery can be monitored using a standard DNA polymerase assay. The other three gene products have been designated as "polymerase accessory proteins," since they directly enhance polymerase function on both single- and double-stranded DNA templates. Their activities were monitored by an "in vitro complementation assay," which measures the stimulation of DNA synthesis observed in a concentrated lysate of T4 mutant-infected Escherichia coli cells when the missing T4 wild type protein is added. Starting from 300 g of infected cell paste, we obtained 9.3 mg of gene 43 protein, 21 mg of gene 45 protein, and 70 mg of a tight complex made up of 44 and 62 proteins; final yields were estimated at 30%, 14%, and 28%, respectively, of the initial activity present in the lysate. When the above purified proteins are incubated with preparations of two other T4 DNA replication proteins (gene 41 and gene 32 proteins) plus deoxyribonucleoside and ribonucleoside triphosphates, extensive DNA synthesis occurs on both single- and double-stranded DNA templates. As reported elsewhere, this synthesis mimicks that catalyzed by the T4 DNA replication apparatus in vivo.

Coliphages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hidden problems with bleeding in trauma patients.

Clearly, the reasons for the blood loss of the patient described herein were multifactorial. In addition to the scalp and perineal lacerations, she had multiple bone fractures. Her hypothermic condition, head injury, and acidotic state were factors that could lead to coagulopathies. Lastly, multiple transfusions may have exacerbated the above problems both by hemodilution and further decreasing core temperature. Caring for patients like this one is a challenge to the trauma team and requires expert knowledge to anticipate, identify, and treat the wide variety of potential complications that can contribute to bleeding.

Adolescent↗