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Biomedical subjects

D Maji

Publications and source records attributed to D Maji.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Prevalence of diabetes in various habitats of West Bengal, India.

The epidemiological profile data were collected for diabetes mellitus from the people living in three habitats (rural, industrial and urban) having considerable difference in their lifestyle and socio-economic status. Every 5th (occasionally 4th or 6th) member from each habitat was sampled; no restriction regarding age was kept during screening; OGTT (oral glucose tolerence test) was performed 2 hours after 75 g glucose, in those whose FBS (fasting blood sugar) was >90 mg/dl. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was ascertained, if the FBS was >120 mg/dl and/ or postglucose value was >200mg/dl. The per cent prevalence (among all aged people) of diabetes mellitus in rural, industrial and urban habitats were found to be: 1.66 +/- 0.58 (male 1.99 +/- 0.88, female 1.3 +/- 0.75); 3.00 +/- 0.74 (male 3.17 +/- 1.04, female 2.80 +/- 1.04) and 4.8 +/- 0.98 (male 5.31 +/- 1.43, female 4.27 +/- 1.32) respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Exercise in prediabetes.

Exercise as a therapeutic modality in the management of type 2 diabetes is well established. However, exercise has emerged as an important tool to prevent, or at least, to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. This has been borne out by a few recent clinical trials. Exercise improves insulin sensitivity besides having beneficial effects on many cardiovascular risk factors. A sedentary adult at high risk for developing diabetes may benefit from at least 30 minutes of daily moderate-intensity exercise.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed2005

Prevention of type 2 diabetes in the prediabetic population.

Prevention of diabetes has been tried by several groups with varying degree of success. Prediabetic population are the ideal target for the purpose. In this study, prediabetic subjects are selected from the high-risk groups, like those having obesity, family history of diabetes, past history of gestational diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia; and are included in the study when their fasting plasma glucose was found to be below 110 mg/dl and 2 hours postglucose (75g) plasma glucose remained between 110 and 200 mg/dl. After giving advice for lifestyle changes to all for a period of 3 months, those who had their blood glucose values in the impaird glucose tolerance (IGT) range were given either metformin, rosiglitazone or acarbose, the rest continued with diet and exercise only. Total follow-up period was 3 years. All groups maintained blood sugar in the euglycaemic range till the end of the 3-year period.

Acarbose↗
PubMed2004

Prevention of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus.

Microvascular and macrovascular complications in relation to diabetes mellitus are responsible for major morbidity and mortality condition. Prevention of these complications should be the aim while managing diabetes. Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are microvascular complications and macrovascular complication affects heart, brain and foot. In preventing retinopathy, glycaemic and blood pressure control is essential. Laser photocoagulation therapy can prevent loss of vision in non-proliferative or proliferative diabetes mellitus. The aim of preventing nephropathy lies on meticulous glycaemic control, dietary protein limitation and vigorous control of blood pressure. The highest priority at present to prevent diabetic neuropathy is the education of patients and their physicians about the potential for detection and treatment of early neuropathy. Glycaemic control is beneficial in reducing the frequency of progression of neuropathy. Macrovascular complication (cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, peripheral vascular) can be prevented with some intervention strategies eg, discouraging smoking habit, proper diet, regular physical activity, strict glycaemic and blood pressure control, lowering low density lipoprotein cholesterol level and aspirin therapy. Amputation in diabetic foot can be dealt with a number of prevention strategies eg, careful self examination, to use specially fitted shoes, minimisation of trauma, earlier detection and aggressive management by local debridement, provision of special support and early antibiotic therapy.

Diabetic Angiopathies↗
PubMed2003

Mason diabetes--report of a family.

A 48-year-old Hindu housewife was presented with increased appetite, thirst, frequency of micturition, weakness, cramps in the legs, tingling in the fingers, decline in bladder-bowel control and dimness of vision. She was a patient of diabetes. On investigations and history, she was diagnosed as a case of type 2 diabetes transmitted in three generations as an autosomal dominant trait.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed2001

Simultaneous expression of guinea pig UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B21 and 2B22 in COS-7 cells enhances UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B21-catalyzed morphine-6-glucuronide formation.

Although UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) act as an important detoxification system for many endogenous and exogenous compounds, they are also involved in the metabolic activation of morphine to form morphine-6-glucuronide (M-6-G). The cDNAs encoding guinea pig liver UGT2B21 and UGT2B22, which are intimately involved in M-6-G formation, have been cloned and characterized. Although some evidence suggests that UGTs may function as oligomers, it is not known whether hetero-oligomer formation leads to differences in substrate specificity. In this work, evidence for a functional hetero-oligomer between UGT2B21 and UGT2B22 is provided by studies on the glucuronidation of morphine in transfected COS-7 cells. Cells transfected with UGT2B21 cDNA catalyzed mainly morphine-3-glucuronide formation although M-6-G was also formed to some extent. In contrast, cells transfected with UGT2B22 cDNA did not show any significant activity toward morphine. When UGT2B21 and UGT2B22 were expressed simultaneously in different ratios in COS-7 cells, extensive M-6-G formation was observed. This stimulation of M-6-G formation was not observed, however, when microsomes containing UGT2B21were mixed with those containing UGT2B22 in the presence of detergent. Furthermore, this effect was not very marked when human UGT1A1 and UGT2B21 were coexpressed in COS-7 cells. This is the first report suggesting that UGT hetero-oligomer formation leads to altered substrate specificity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

True hermaphroditism: a report of two cases.

Two cases with true hermaphroditism are described. A 2 year old child presented with ambiguous genitalia, and had bilateral ovotestis in the labioscrotal folds. A 20 year old boy presented with grade V gynaecomastia and periodical bleeding as well as seminal discharge after phallic stimulation; he had right sided ovotestis, normal size uterus, left ovary and hypoplastic fallopian tubes. Male gender was assigned to both. Cytogenetically both were 46XX. Gonadectomy was done in both the cases. Bilateral mastectomy and hysterectomy was done in the second case.

Adult↗