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Biomedical subjects

D Martins

Publications and source records attributed to D Martins.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[The catheter ablation of tachyarrhythmias. The experience of the Hospital de Santa Cruz].

BACKGROUND: First results of tachyarrhythmia's direct current (DC) and radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation in Portugal (St. Cruz Hospital, Carnaxide). POPULATION AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the first 20 patients (P) submitted to catheter ablation in our Center: 11 males and 9 females, aging 36 years (SD 14), with drug-refractory symptomatic tachyarrhythmias. DC ablation was used in the first case and RF current in the nineteen subsequent P. RESULTS: Accessory pathway RF ablation: 92% successful rate (12/13 P); AV nodal modification: fast pathway--1 P (DC ablation), slow pathway--3 P (RF ablation) with one case of late clinical recurrence; two successful His bundle ablation (in paroxysmal atrial flutter/fibrillation) one standard right side and other from left ventricle outflow; one successful RF ablation of a verapamil-sensitive ventricular tachycardia. The mean follow-up was 3.5 months (1 to 7 months for RF and 20 months for DC ablation). CONCLUSIONS: Catheter ablation (mainly RF current) is highly effective in tachyarrhythmia's suppression, with 90% global success in our experience without morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Prognosis in unstable angina as a function of the clinical presentation].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognosis of Unstable Angina according to its clinical presentation using Braunwald's Classification. DESIGN: Retrospective study of hospital admissions from January 1982 to September 1990. SETTING: Coronary Care Unit and a Cardiology Department of a Central Hospital. PATIENTS: There were 132 patients, 109 men and 23 women, with a mean age of 56 +/- 9 years, all submitted to cardiac catheterization at least 90 days after hospital admission followed up during 34.2 +/- 24.2 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were divided in three groups according to the clinical presentation of Unstable Angina: Group A--Aggravated Chronic Angina and/or "De Novo" Angina; Group B--Angina at Rest but not in the last 48 hours, and Group C--Angina at Rest in the last 48 hours. Group A was also sub-divided, and the patients with Unstable Angina after myocardial infarction were excluded. The previous clinical profile was evaluated as well as the circumstances in which Unstable Angina occurred, need of Coronary Care Unit, angiographic findings and follow-up. RESULTS: Within the 132 patients, 86 were in the group A, (59 with Aggravated Angina and 27 with "De Novo" Angina), 11 in group B, and 35 in group C. The group with Aggravated Angina had higher incidence of previous myocardial infarction and bypass surgery (p < 0.01 and p = 0.05), compared to group with "De Novo" Angina and B, and also three vessels disease associated to ventricular dysfunction. "Culprit Lesion" appeared more frequently as eccentric type I in group A, and as concentric in group C. Revascularization procedures were performed in 95 patients (CABG in 66 and PTCA in 29) being respectively: 21 and 6 were urgent, 19 and 18 were elective and 26 and 5 were late procedures. CABG were more frequent in group A. There were 73 major cardiac events in 44 patients (8 deaths, 12 myocardial infarction and 53 new episodes of Unstable Angina), which were more frequent in group with Aggravated Angina and group C. The chance of patients with major cardiac events was in a 78 months follow-up, about 25% for group with "De Novo" Angina, 50% for patients with Aggravated Chronic Angina, and was greater than 75% in patients with Angina at Rest and episodes in the last 48 hours (p < 0.05)--Log-rank Test. The worse prognosis was seen in patients with Aggravated Chronic Angina, when a gathering of clinic patterns of Braunwald's classification were present. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, the group with Aggravated Angina and group C had more severe disease, required more urgent CABG and PTCA, and had also a higher incidence of cardiac events. The group with better prognosis was the group with "De Novo" Angina, which should be distinguished of the group with Aggravated Angina who was the worst prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of coronary surgery on silent ischemia].

In order to assess the effects of coronary artery bypass surgery on silent myocardial ischemia, we studied a group of 39 consecutive patients, 38 male and 1 female with a mean age of 56 + 7 years, with stable chronic angina pectoris, by 48 hours-Holter monitoring and maximal treadmill exercise test before and after operation. The reduction of angina was 92% (p less than 0.0001) and of ischemia 57% (p less than 0.0001) after operation. Silent myocardial ischemia was detected in 21 patients (54%) before operation, 13 by Holter, 4 by exercise test and 4 by the two methods. After operation 13 patients (36%) continue to have silent ischemia depicted in 7 by Holter and in 7 by exercise test. No new patient developed silent ischemia after operation. The group of patients with silent ischemia preoperatively was not significantly different from the group without silent ischemia based on clinical and angiographic characteristics, results of surgery and exercise test parameters with exception of ST segment depression. In conclusion, silent myocardial ischemia may persist after successful coronary artery bypass surgery for the relief of angina pectoris, and should be monitored by serial Holter recordings and treated medically, if its prognosis and consequences proved to be similar to manifest symptomatic ischemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A possible new trend in the management of the carcinoma of the cervix uteri.

Thirty-three patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix were treated with chemotherapy as first line treatment. Great emphasis was applied to document, in the most objective manner, the tumor size response. The first 8 patients received a conventional scheme composed of vincristine, bleomycin and cis-platinum (VBP) at 21-day intervals. The results were not as satisfactory as expected. In the other 25 patients a more aggressive VBP scheme was used, at 10-day intervals. Surprisingly satisfactory results and tolerance were observed. In many instances verified tumor reduction allowed surgical radical treatment in prechemotherapy inoperable cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[Evolution of cytomegalovirus antibodies of maternal origin and acquired, throughout the first year of life (author's transl)].

Cytomegalovirus antibodies have been determined by indirect hemagglutination technique in sera taken during the first year of life in two infant groups : Bantu infants in Mozambique, French infants in Alsace. IgM specific antibodies have been detected in serum fractions obtained by density gradients. The evolutions of maternal antibodies and of antibodies resulting from a primary CMV infection have been documented. The analysis of the results confirmed that the mother is the main source of infection and that contamination occurs at the time of birth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

A comparison of the evolution of transmitted IgG immunoglobulin and diphtheria antitoxin titers in the newborn.

The evolution of the titers of transmitted IgG and diphtheria antitoxin was studied in 20 neonates during the first 2 months of life (6 serum samples for each). A rapid fall of the passive IgG titer was observed during the first weeks: as a rule the higher the initial titer the greater the fall. After the 15th day the rate of decline slows down. The evolution of the titer of transmitted maternal diphtheria antitoxin depends also on the initial level, and if it is low it can remain more or less constant for a long time. The initial level of passive IgG does not influence the drop in diphtheria antitoxin titre and vice versa. Therefore, the evolution of total IgG and diphtheria antitoxin levels appear not to be interdependent.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[Blood serum levels of immunoglobulins among African children: Seasonal variations and ethnic factors (a study done in Lourenco-Marques among a group of 11-year olds) (author's transl)].

The blood titers of IgG, IgA and IgM and total proteins were determined in October 1971 (dry season) and again in April 1972 (wet season) among girls and boys belonging to 4 ethnic groups: White, Bantu, Indian, Mixed. Parasitic studies were also done. These studies indicate a rise of IgM among the girls and of IgA in both sexes from October 1971 to April 1972. The average IgM titer among the four groups is higher than the one found in the Occident. This is especially notable for the Bantu and the Mixed. The Indian levels exceeded, on the average, the White group's. The average IgG figures are only slightly higher than those found in the literature for Western populations. Genetic influences do not appear to explain the differences found between the ethnic groups. The role of environment is stressed, and parasitic influences are discussed.

Black People↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional MRI of human olfaction.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to use functional MRI (fMRI) to measure brain activation in response to olfactory stimuli. METHOD: fMRI brain scans were obtained in 17 normal subjects (9 men, 8 women) using-multislice FLASH MRI in response to three olfactory stimuli (pyridine, menthone, amyl acetate) in three coronal brain sections selected from anterior to posterior temporal brain regions. Activation images were derived using correlation analysis, and ratios of areas of brain activated to total brain areas were calculated. RESULTS: Activation was present in each section in all subjects. Subjective estimation of vapor intensity followed relative vapor pressure of stimuli presented (pyridine > amyl acetate > menthone) and were similar for both men and women. However, brain activation did not follow subjective responsiveness order but rather pyridine > menthone > amyl acetate, a pattern demonstrated by both men and women. Brain activation in women was consistently lower than in men for all vapors in all brain sections, although regions of activation did not differ. Activation occurred in regions previously recognized as associated with olfactory stimulation, including orbitofrontal and entorhinal cortex; however, extensive regions within frontal cortex including cingulate gyrus were also activated. Brain regions activated to odors considered pleasant or unpleasant did not differ. CONCLUSION: The techniques used in this study demonstrated that brain activation to olfactory stimuli could be measured quantitatively such that differences between groups of subjects (in this case men and women) could be compared. Although localization of brain activation was not the major thrust of this study, activation to olfactory stimuli was found not only in brain regions previously associated with processing of olfactory information but also in several other areas of frontal cortex, in cingulate gyrus, and in several components of the limbic system. This is the first study in which activation in human brain parenchyma of normal humans to olfactory stimuli has been quantitated by fMRI.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diphteric and tetanic antitoxins seric values in the first year of life, before and after immunization an horizontal survey in Mozambic (author's transl)].

Successive evaluations of diphtheritic (AD) and tetanic antitoxin have been made from birth to twelve months in infants receiving at 3, 4 and 5 months an immunization with antidiphtheritic, antitetanic and absorbed antimeasles vaccine. The decrease of AD of maternal origin is not, contrary to common opinion, regularly exponential. Factors influencing the elimination of AD from maternal origin are discussed. An important decrease is often observed after the first immunizing infection. AD level evolution is independent from that to IgG but there is a correspondence at birth in mother and infant between the highest values of AD and the lowest values of total proteides. The commonly observed existence of AD in mother blood indicates the persistence in Maputo of a strong diphteric endemy, and this justifies the association of the antidiphtheritic vaccination to the antitetanic one. After immunization, high levels of antibodies are always reached for tetanic antitoxin and a little less, regularly, for AD. High levels of AD are more frequent in infants having demonstrated no infectious symptoms. Towards the end of the first year, antibodies levels frequently decrease. From these findings possible ways are discussed for immunizing infants in Africa with antitoxins.

Diphtheria Antitoxin↗