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Biomedical subjects

D Marty

Publications and source records attributed to D Marty.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Use of 15N reverse gradient two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to follow metabolic activity in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cell-suspension cultures.

Nitrogen metabolism was monitored in suspension cultured cells of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv. using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy following the feeding of (15NH4)2SO4 and K15NO3. By using two-dimensional 15N-1H NMR with heteronuclear single-quantum-coherence spectroscopy and heteronuclear multiple-bond-coherence spectroscopy sequences, an enhanced resolution of the incorporation of 15N label into a range of compounds could be detected. Thus, in addition to the amino acids normally observed in one-dimensional 15N NMR (glutamine, aspartate, alanine), several other amino acids could be resolved, notably serine, glycine and proline. Furthermore, it was found that the peak normally assigned to the non-protein amino-acid gamma-aminobutyric acid in the one-dimensional 15N NMR spectrum was resolved into a several components. A peak of N-acetylated compounds was resolved, probably composed of the intermediates in arginine biosynthesis, N-acetylglutamate and N-acetylornithine and, possibly, the intermediate of putrescine degradation into gamma-aminobutyric acid, N-acetylputrescine. The occurrence of 15N-label in agmatine and the low detection of labelled putrescine indicate that crucial intermediates of the pathway from glutamate to polyamines and/or the tobacco alkaloids could be monitored. For the first time, labelling of the peptide glutathione and of the nucleotide uridine could be seen.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1999

Glutamine synthetase activity in Solanaceous cell suspensions accumulating alkaloids or not. 13C NMR and enzymatic assay.

The metabolism of labelled pyruvate followed by 13C NMR and the measure of glutamine synthetase (GS) showed, according to previous results, a high activity of this enzyme in suspension cells of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. This activity could derive glutamate from the alkaloid synthesizing pathways. However, a recent work showed that the rate of the GS gene transcription was inversely proportional to the Gln/Glu ratio. The measures of Gln and Glu concentrations in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cells revealed that high GS activity correlates with the weak value of Gln/Glu ratio. Therefore, the hypothesis of GS dysfunctioning for the non-biosynthesis of alkaloids in N. plumbaginifolia suspension cells can be discarded. This conclusion is strengthened by the results obtained when using a GS inhibitor.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1998

[Significance of systemic inflammation in 1,278 trauma patients].

The association between the increasing severity of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and the incidence of post-traumatic complications and mortality was retrospectively investigated in 1278 injured patients. Patients were divided into three groups according to their Injury Severity Score (ISS) (group A: ISS > or = 9 < or = 16 points (n = 626); group B: ISS > 16 < 40 points (n = 589); group C: ISS > or = 40 points (n = 63). SIRS was defined according to the criteria of the American Consensus Conference. The number of fulfilled criteria determined its severity: moderate SIRS: 2 criteria fulfilled, intermediate SIRS: 3 criteria fulfilled, severe SIRS: 4 criteria fulfilled. Additionally, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was defined according to the Murray-Score and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) according to the Goris-Score. The incidence of SIRS was 42% in group A, 70% in group B and 100% in group C (p < 0.05). The severity of SIRS increased with severity of trauma. Moreover, 178 of all injured patients (14%) developed septic complications. In parallel to SIRS, the incidence of these septic complications correlated with the severity of trauma. The occurrence and severity of ARDS and MODS correlated with increased severity of SIRS and septic complications. Among patients without SIRS 15% developed ARDS and 21% MODS. In contrast, patients with severe SIRS and septic complications demonstrated ARDS in 99% and MODS in 97%. In these patients, no correlation was found between the ISS and the incidence of ARDS or MODS. There were also stepwise increases in mortality rates in the hierarchy from SIRS to septic shock. While 13 of patients with modest SIRS (5%) and 32 of patients with intermediate SIRS (13%) died, the mortality rate of patients with severe SIRS was 19% (P < 0.05). In addition, a significant correlation between the incidence of septic complications and mortality was found. Injured patients with sepsis died in 13%, those with severe sepsis in 23%, and patients with septic shock in 33% (p < 0.05). Thus, the increasing severity of SIRS was associated with the occurrence of posttraumatic ARDS, MODS, and mortality. Using the number of fulfilled SIRS criteria for classifying systemic inflammation, its severity may be predictive for posttraumatic complications and outcome of injured patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Chronic nasal blockage.

When examining the nose for chronic blockage, check the septum position, and evaluate the state of the turbinates both before and after spraying with decongestant. Then exclude any tumour in the nose before introducing medical therapy or seeking a surgical opinion. Patients often don't appreciate how blocked they are, so don't assume that if they are not complaining that they wouldn't be very grateful once an improvement in their nasal airway is achieved.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Development of bacterial populations of telluric, enteric, and marine origin in planktonic systems exposed to urban pollution; mathematical data analysis].

A study of the comparative distribution of different types of bacterial populations in the sea area where the city of Marseille rejects its waste water shows that, when in contact with the marine environment, a great part of the allochthonic bacterial population undergoes physiological stress expressed by an abrupt reduction of the effectives and by weak values of the energetic charge. The presence of coliforms and streptococci in waste water lens, at important distances from discharging conduits, shows the possibility of a large diffusion for a fraction of the bacterial populations that withstand the initial stress. From mathematical analyses, an inverse correlation is revealed between detergents and the bacterial population as a whole, and between phenols and various allochthonic bacterial populations. The above results were evidenced through a sampling strategy based upon a 24-h-cycle study and a search for mathematical correlations between several biological, chemical, and physical parameters.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1977

[Ultrastructural localization of photosystem I and II active sites in chloroplasts in situ].

Activities related to photosystem I and photosystem II are cytochemically localized at the electron microscope level by using suitable artificial electron donors and acceptors with, or without, factors uncoupling the light-induced electron flow between the two systems. Photo-oxidation of DAB, insensitive to DCMU, is linked to photosystem I activity. It occurs within the grana and stroma membranes of the chloroplasts. Photo-reduction of TC-NBT sensitive to DCMU, is a photosystem II mediated reaction. It is trapped within the grana membranes.

Chloroplasts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New tools for decision making in the 1990s.

The article is the final installment in a three-part series describing the methods by which hospital trustees and CEO's may enable their facilities to address the health care demands of the 1990s. The first two articles appeared in CHA's Hospital Trustee in 1991. In this article, the authors identify and discuss the emerging intelligence tools which will help hospital trustees and CEO's make more effective management decisions.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Board evaluation and effectiveness: models, components and perspectives.

Health facility boards are being challenged to increase their effectiveness in the face of the changing health care environment. To this end, accreditation standards require boards to develop methods of evaluating their governing function and performance. During a survey of governance issues, the authors interviewed a group of health service executives with respect to board evaluation at their facilities. The responses yielded insights relating to models and components of evaluation, board missions and policies, mentoring programs and trustee education and orientation.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗