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Biomedical subjects

D Marx

Publications and source records attributed to D Marx.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Genomic alterations of the c-myc protooncogene in relation to the overexpression of c-erbB2 and Ki-67 in human breast and cervix carcinomas.

Genomic alterations of c-myc (amplification, rearrangements and hypomethylation) were investigated in 30 breast carcinomas and 20 cervix carcinomas. In breast carcinomas c-myc alterations were compared with overexpression of the c-erbB2 protooncogene and the proliferation marker Ki-67. Alterations of c-myc were found in 50% of the breast carcinomas and in 25% of the cervix carcinomas. In 23% of the breast carcinomas c-erbB2 overexpression was associated with c-myc alterations. In 17% of the cases there was overexpression of c-erbB2 without detectable alterations of c-myc. Hence, in 67% of breast cancers alterations of c-myc and/or c-erbB2 have been found, while in 81% of the samples Ki-67 expression was increased. The results suggest that the study of c-myc alterations provides an important complement to that of other prognostic indicators of breast cancer such as c-erbB2 expression.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Ethologic selection studies with early weaned piglets kept in pens with different use of straw. 3. Results of studies of the position sequence of area size and stall air temperature].

In continuation of our earlier investigations on the range of environmental factors in housing systems with perforated floors and the experiments with or without free choice on litter or deep litter the effects of the size of the area and the environmental temperatures on the behaviour of early weaned piglets (8 kg to 30 kg) kept on litter and deep litter have been investigated. Both factors had a crucial but diametrical influence. While for the total activity of the pigs the size of the compartment proved more important than room temperature, for the total inactivity it was the other way around. Therefore some essential requirements have to be obeyed even for housing systems with litter or deep litter, which can be considered more suitable for the housing of pigs from the start on. Because of their different importance for the activity (20% of the total behaviour) and the inactivity (80%) the factors can't replace each other. For housing systems with litter size allocation shouldn't amount less than 0.45 m2/animal and with deep litter not less than 0.70 m2/animal with room temperatures starting at about 25 degrees C and 20 degrees C, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Ethological free-choice studies with early-weaned piglets kept in pens with different amounts of straw. 2. Effects of different amounts of straw in different-sized areas].

In systematical continuation of our free choice experiments in housing systems with early weaned pigs, it has been investigated under the same conditions, whether there are any preferences for different area dimensions in using solid floor with straw or deep litter. For each floor type 0.3 m2, 0.45 m2 and 0.7 m2/animal have been used. Totally 6 experiments with 2 repetitions each have been carried out. Additionally the daily increase of live weight of the pigs has been calculated and their claws have been examined. In contrast to earlier experiments without straw (Marx and Schuster, 1984) the piglets didn't clearly differentiate between both possibilities but used them as one unit. For that reason the differences between the quantities of using the different areas in each experiment proved very little. But for lying behaviour there have been real distinctions between the different areas in dependence on the floor types. So piglets on solid floor with straw always preferred the area dimension of 0.3 m2/animal, while the animals on deep litter showed no clear preference. For activity all piglets always used the greater area in all experiments. An influence of the choice combination on the whole activity as well as on the whole lying behaviour could only been seen by the way, that the piglets were less active in the experiment with the greatest total area. The higher activity in the experiments with less total areas is traced back to the excrement areas, which increased during experimental time and so reduced the lying area, which led to more unrest among the animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

c-erbB2 expression in correlation to other biological parameters of breast cancer.

On the prognostic value of c-erbB2-encoded protein p185 in breast cancer there are controversal opinions. With the outlook of an evaluation of the prognostic value of p185 expression in breast cancer the relationships between p185 expression and known prognosis factors were investigated. Using polyclonal antibody against p185 33% out of 163 primary breast carcinomas are p185-positive. Within the various histological types of tumors the percentage of p185 expression differs. It is suggested that p185 indicates a certain type of biological behavior and plays a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Thus the determination of p185 could allow definition of biological subclasses. A statistically significant correlation between expression of p185 and the presence of lymph node metastases or tumor size can not be proved. Nevertheless p185 expression is increased in cases with more than three positive lymph nodes. Expression of p185 correlates statistically significantly positively with histological grade and epidermal growth factor receptor, and negatively with steroid receptor status. Furthermore, high-proliferating tumors are more common in p185-positive cases than in p185-negative cases. It is concluded that p185 may be associated with an increased malignancy and proliferation activity of tumors.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Attitudes of nursing students toward patients with AIDS.

Nursing students (N = 124) voluntarily completed a questionnaire designed to measure attitudes towards patients with AIDS. The questionnaire included one of two vignettes, a prejudicial evaluation scale, and the Index of Homophobia. Results indicate that nursing students expressed a significantly more negative attitude toward the homosexual patients with AIDS. Homophobia accounted for a substantial amount of variation in the difference in expressed attitude between heterosexual and homosexual AIDS patients. The researchers recommend that nursing students and other prospective health care workers be provided educational programs dealing with AIDS which include study of homophobia and homosexuality.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[The humane conditions of swine housing--a summary of various results].

First a general survey about our ethological, endocrinological, histological and clinical investigations is given, carried out for more than 15 years with the objective to elaborate housing systems, which fulfill the requirements of the animals as well as the requirements of the producers. On one side free choice and accustoming experiments under standard conditions on the other side investigations on farms, to prove the results of the first as well as to prove how far new housing systems, which are in development in South Germany at present (housing of large groups, labor partitioning pig production), include a melioration in the sense of animal rights even when housing large numbers of animals. In the special part the following points are stressed: - endogenenously-implemented biphasic activity-rhythm of pigs and its influencing by light, room temperature, size of area and the inability of lying comfort. - different ranges of the influencing factors for the animals, in case of activity: 1. stimulus, 2. floor type, 3. size of area; in case of resting: 1. floor type, 2. stimulus, 3, size of area with a minimal size of area fitting to the different housing details in both cases - lying comfort depending on floor type, possibility to trample down faeces respectively to separate places of lying and faeces, room temperature - effects of stimulus - different minimal sizes of area. Results of the investigations in the agricultural practice of housing of piglets during and after the time of suckling and of fattened pigs are reported.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed1989

[Ethically chosen studies with early-weaned piglets during their raising in pens with different applications of straw. 1. The effects of different applications of straw and different floor conditions in areas of uniform size].

In extension of earlier experiments in housing systems with perforated floors, utilization rates of solid floor with litter, straw in a rack and deep litter, as well as the behaviour and physical condition, especially of claws, were investigated. Each pen had an area of 0.45 m2/piglet. In further experiments the influences of race (DL instead of DL x Piétrain), kind of rearing (without straw instead of rearing with straw), lowering temperature and the effect of a preferred perforated floor in comparison with solid floor were investigated. Deep litter was preferred for activity and lying behaviour only in the case of low temperature (14-18 degrees C) whereas solid floor with litter was preferred in the case of higher temperature (19-25 degrees C). The perforated floor was equivalent to solid floor on the condition that the area dimension was sufficient, temperature 3 degrees C higher than in the other experiments and straw in a rack was offered. However, the utilization rates of solid floor increased in the case of lowering temperature by 4 degrees C. There was no significant influences of the different race or kind of rearing. In the experiments there were significant signs of a more harmonious condition of the animals and a shorter, respectively no period where the animals had to adapt to the housing conditions. These findings were in contrast to those of earlier investigations. The possibility of acting with straw led to an undisturbed circadian rhythm and to a higher rate of standing within the total activity which was as high as in earlier studies. Further social companions and environmental objects lost attractiveness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Expression of emotion in asthmatic children and their mothers.

The present study assessed how general asthmatic children's deficit in the facial expression of emotion is that we found in previous studies. Furthermore, the emotional behavior of the patients' mothers was explored. Eighteen children with bronchial asthma (ages 7.6 to 12.6), and eighteen control children were subjected to two frustrating achievement situations. They had to solve a difficult puzzle under time pressure by themselves, and with the verbal assistance of their healthy mothers. Facial expressions of emotion and heart rate were recorded from children and mothers. No deficit in emotion expression was observed in the asthmatic group. To the contrary, asthmatic children showed more expressions of anger/aggression and emotion expressions in total during the last phase of the 'child alone' condition. Moreover, in both experimental conditions they showed more unspecified facial movements than control children. Mothers of asthmatic children expressed more happiness than their controls. Heart rate data did not differentiate between target and control groups during any phase of the experiment. These findings counter psychodynamically based assumptions on emotional behavior of asthmatics and their mothers.

Achievement↗
PubMed1984

[Extensive endarterectomy of the left anterior descending artery].

Diffuse obstructive disease of the left anterior descending coronary artery presents a new challenge to the surgeon especially if the heart and septal muscle supplied by this vessel is ischaemic but viable. Venous skips were utilized in the past to overcome this problem, but recently extensive endarterectomy of this system has been advocated. The case studies of 5 patients are presented who have undergone extensive endarterectomy of the left anterior descending artery and coronary bypass grafting.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗