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Biomedical subjects

D Matthaei

Publications and source records attributed to D Matthaei.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Analysis of neutral steroid sulfates by glass capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) from blood of a patient with paraquat poisoning.

The chemical analysis of neutral steroid sulfates by glass capillary gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) from the blood of a young girl with acute suicidal paraquat poisoning is described. The steroids had been extracted from an XAD-filter used for immediate hemofiltration treatment of the patient. The steroids analyzed were isomers of known blood and urine components without unusual substituents. It can be concluded that oral intake of paraquat in even large amounts does not cause significant disturbances of steroid metabolism, at least not in the acute state of intoxication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Psoriasis and haemodialysis: changes in plasma hormone concentration as a possible therapeutic mechanism (author's transl)].

Free dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulphate, testosterone, LH and FSH were measured in plasma from 67 patients with renal disease before and after haemodialysis or haemofiltration. Plasma concentration of the steroid hormones was lower in patients with renal failure than in normal controls, while that of the gonadotrophic hormones was elevated. After haemodialysis or haemofiltration DHEA sulphate level in plasma decreased, free DHEA increased significantly reaching almost the initial value of the control group. There was no change in concentration of the other steroid and gonadotrophic hormones. The likely mechanism is that haemodialysis removes DHEA deficiency in patients with psoriasis which is assumed to be an aetiopathogenetic factor in the disease.

Dehydroepiandrosterone↗
PubMed1981

Blood levels of branched-chain alpha-keto acids in uremia: effect of an oral glucose tolerance test.

The effect of an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) on serum levels of branched-chain keto acids (BCKA), i.e. alpha-keto-isocaproic acid (KICA), alpha-keto-isovaleric acid (KIVA) and alpha-keto-beta methyl-n-valeric acid (KMVA) as well as on serum insulin, C-peptide and blood glucose levels was determined in uremic patients and in healthy control subjects. In controls, blood levels of KICA, KMVA and KIVA declined significantly following oral administration of 100 glucose. In uremic patients no decline of KICA was observed. The fall of KMVA was diminished, while suppression of KIVA blood levels in response to the oGGT remained unimpaired. Although serum insulin and C-peptide levels in uremic patients were not significantly different from the controls before and throughout the oGTT, six out of eight displayed abnormal glucose tolerance. It is suggested that the response of blood BCKA levels to an oGTT is altered in uremia, an abnormality restricted primarily to KICA and possibly explained by insulin antagonism and/or by insufficient insulin secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

High resolution gas chromatography mass spectrometry of the methyl esters of organic acids from uremic hemofiltrates.

The organic acid fraction of hemofiltrates was investigated in the form of methylates by glass capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The pattern obtained is similar to that of urinary organic acid methylates from healthy individuals. A marked difference was noted for N-phenylacetyl-alpha-aminoglutarimide, present in hemofiltrate at levels 50-100 times higher than those in urine. Analysis of hemofiltrate samples taken at different times during a hemofiltration with post-dilution technique revealed that the hemofiltrate concentration of most compounds was drastically reduced the course of the hemofiltration treatment. Compared to the other compounds, the reduction in hemofiltrate concentration of N-phenylacetyl-alpha-aminoglutarimide was extremely rapid.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Reno-cardiac interactions in kidney failure (author's transl)].

The high incidence of cardiac complications in endstage renal failure is not only related to the chronic pressure load of the left ventricle, although the proportion of patients with elevated blood pressure increases from 53 to 81% as reno-parenchymal disease progresses. Other factors as anemia, hyperparathyroidism, autonomic neuropathy and retention of electrolytes, metabolic products of toxins may cause damage to the heart. It is a matter of discussion whether uremia itself causes cardiomyopathy. Findings of a reduced Ca++-uptake during beta-adrenergic stimulation and a reduced reaction of (Na+, K+)-ATPase to digitalis suggest a basic change of myocardial membrane metabolism. Retention of an "endogenous digitalis" could help to explain some contradictory results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Occurrence of highly oxygen-substituted androgens in hemofiltrates of uremic patients.

The steroid fraction of hemofiltrate contains a large number of unknown steroids, which were separated by a combination of different chromatographic procedures and finally characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Besides different isomeric 3,16,17-trihydroxyandrostanes in a rather polar fraction a 3,16,17-trihydroxy-11-ketoandrostane was detected, obviously the first naturally occurring representative of 3,11,16,17-oxygen-tetrasubstituted androstanes.

Androstanes↗
PubMed1980

Management of anuric intensive-care patients with arteriovenous hemofiltration.

It may be concluded from our results to date, that arteriovenous hemofiltration is an accurate and reliable method for the management of fluid balance in patients resistant to diuretics. Early use of this method may improve the prognosis of intensive-care patients by decongestion or dehydration of lungs, reduction of cardiac pre-and after-load and unrestricted infusion therapy for prevention of catabolism. In addition, the method has been shown to be useful for compensation of uremia and particularly for hypernatremia. The fact that this method requires no investment costs might be of particular interest to many intensive-care units which cannot afford expensive hemodialysis or hemofiltration machines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Acute renal failure in alcoholic myopathy (author's transl)].

Two chronic alcoholics developed acute renal failure from alcoholic myopathy (acute alcohol-induced rhabdomyolysis). Severe muscle pain developed and was associated with transitory oligo-anuric renal failure, requiring dialysis in one patient. In addition to the typical history and clinical symptoms, excessive elevation of muscle enzymes, especially creatine-kinase, and the appearance of myoglobin in serum are characteristic. Brown discoloration of the urine and a falsely positive test for "blood" due to the presence of myoglobin in urine in the absence of red blood cells are also typical. Definite changes can be demonstrated histologically and electromyographically during the acute stage. It is likely that this condition is more frequent than the sparsity of published reports indicates.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal recycling and substitution of haemofiltrate in dogs.

Haemofiltrate was administered into the duodenum of 5 ambulatory dogs through an implanted silastic catheter at a rate of 5-10 ml/min. None of the dogs presented signs of discomfort or suffered from regurgitation or diarrhoea. All 5 dogs had solid stools, enhanced diuresis and no change in body weight over a time period of 8 hours. Filtration rates between 5 and 10 ml/min were obtained in 7 dogs after connecting an Amicon in-line Ultrafilter with an external a.v. shunt. The intestinal recycling rate via the duodenal tube as a rule was 2 ml/min lower than the free flow ultrafiltration. Recirculation of autologous haemofiltrate in 5 uraemic dogs indicated unselective reabsorption of all electrolytes and small molecules. In 5 experiments with intestinal substitution of ultrafiltrate by a potassium-free Ringer's lactate solution, correction of acidosis and decrease in plasma potassium, creatinine and BUN was achieved.

Animals↗