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Biomedical subjects

D Mazzone

Publications and source records attributed to D Mazzone.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The thrombophilic status and ischemic cardiopathy].

Hemostatic disorders in coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease patients were examined by studying two groups of prothrombotic and prethrombotic markers. Sixty subjects (28 male, 32 female aged 64 +/- 6 years) were included in the study of which 30 suffered from coronary heart disease and 30 from cerebral vascular disease; the first group was subdivided into those subjects with quiescent preinfarction angina (21 cases) and those with acute myocardial infarction (9 cases), whereas the second group was subdivided into subjects with cerebral stroke (20 cases) and those with TIA (10 cases). Each subject underwent an assay to assess fasting blood levels of fibrinogen, factor VII, antithrombin III (using a chromogenic method), plasminogen tissue activator, beta-thromboglobulin and dimer-D (ELISA method) 24 hours after being admitted to hospital. From an analysis of results it was observed that of the four prothrombotic markers used, fibrinogen and factor VII showed a generic increase in comparison to coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease patients; this was paralleled by significant reduction of antithrombin III; differences were even more marked and significant in acute thrombo-occlusive (infarction, stroke) compared to functional forms (angina, TIA). In line with other studies, the Authors favour an irritative type endothelial response leading to a marked and surprising increase of tPA. The two prothrombotic markers (BTG, D-D) also showed a thrombotic development in the two groups of patients examined with more significant findings in the occlusive forms (infarction, stroke) in comparison to transitory forms. On the basis of these and other published results the Authors confirm the usefulness of monitoring prothrombotic markers (fibrinogen, factor VII, AT III) in apparently normal subjects with or without risk factors or with slight initial signs of arteriosclerotic disease; these call for longitudinal or cross-sectional studies of an epidemiology type, in addition to isolated assay for a generic assessment of the patient's biological status, even if it is not yet possible to elaborate a protocol for the certain and specific diagnosis of a thrombophilic condition. The value of prethrombotic markers is apparent in the acute occlusive stage of the disease as a form of prognostic and therapeutic monitoring, and in preinfarction and above all silent transitory forms where, together with the use of other techniques (Holter), it provides interesting openings for confirming the diagnosis of an in vivo microthrombotic genesis and the consequent introduction of antithrombotic drug therapy.

Angina, Unstable↗
PubMed1989

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome associated with Dandy-Walker cyst. Case report in a newborn.

Rubinstein-Taybi is a rare malformative syndrome characterized by dysmorphic features and mental retardation. Early diagnosis in neonatal age can be facilitated by the presence of characteristic broadening of the distal phalanges of thumbs and great toes. Most of the cases are sporadic. Associated malformations such as bone anomalies, heart malformations, cell immunity deficits and metabolic alterations have been observed. This paper reports the first case of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome associated with Dandy-Walker type cerebral malformation diagnosed in the neonatal period.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Dextrocardia with and without situs viscerum inversus in two sibs.

We described two sibs born to consanguineous Sicilian parents who died of severe congenital heart malformation. Both had dextrocardia; however, only the girl had situs viscerum inversus. At necropsy she was found to have a right spleen and right pulmonary isomerism (three lobes in each lung, as commonly found in the asplenia syndrome). This observation, together with other literature reports, suggest that isolated dextrocardia, situs viscerum inversus, and the asplenia-polysplenia complex may be different end results of a unique dysmorphogenetic process involving the embryonic midline.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of glucagon secretion in the human newborn by glucose infusion.

Plasma glucagon, serum insulin, and blood glucose responses during a 30-min glucose (1 g/kg body wt) or saline infusion were reported in 37 full-term and 35 preterm infants. They were studied either on the first day of life before feeding was initiated or during the first week of life. Glucose infusion promptly suppressed glucagon secretion in all infants even from the initial hours of extrauterine life. The mean maximal decrement in percentage in the full-term infants on the day of birth and older was 54 +/- 4% and 61 +/- 6%, respectively, while the maximal decrement in the preterm infants on day of birth and older was significantly lower (44 +/- 3% and 38 +/- 4%, respectively). The insulin response to glucose was variable in all infants and most of them showed a delayed rise of serum insulin. No change in plasma glucagon, blood glucose, and serum insulin was observed during and after saline infusion.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Role of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone in the development of pituitary-thyroid axis in four anencephalic infants.

Anencephaly provides a unique model for studying endocrine functions in absence of hypothalamic influence. We previously reported that in anencephalic newborns both pituitary TSH-secreting cells and the thyroid were normal and were able to function if adequately stimulated. In order to verify if the normal development of the pituitary-thyroid axis in these infants depends on TRH of extrahypothalamic origin, we measured endogenous TRH levels in the clear fluid of a cyst of the cerebro-vasculosa in 4 anencephalic newborns. In these cysts were also injected 200 micrograms of synthetic TRH and evaluated TSH response in peripheral blood samples. Endogenous TRH was detectable in the cysts of the cerebro-vasculosa in 3 of the 4 infants. In all 4 cases serum TSH sharply increased after TRH administration. Our data suggest that the normal development of the pituitary-thyroid axis in anencephalic infants either requires no TRH or depends on extrahypothalamic TRH. In this latter case TRH produced by other areas of the central nervous system might be secreted into the cysts of the cerebro-vasculosa, actively transported to the hypophyseal vessels, and might thus reach the pituitary to stimulate TSH-cells growth and function.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1980

Thyroid-pituitary function in eight anencephalic infants.

The function of the thyroid pituitary axis was investigated in 8 anencephalic infants with no hypothalamus. Thyrotrophin (TSH), thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,3',5'-triiodothyrone (reverse T3 and rT3) were measured in the cord blood in 5 cases and during the first 4 h of life in 3 cases. TSH response to synthetic thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) (200 microgram iv) was carried out in two cases and thyroid hormone response to bovine TSH (5 IU iv) was evaluated in 3 cases. The following results wre obtained: 1) The pituitary gland was found in all infants and the thyroid was normal both grossly and by microscopic sections. 2) TSH levels at birth were normal but there was no spontaneous post-delivery surge. 3) T4 and T3 values at delivery were within normal range, but no T3 increase was present after birth. rT3 levels at birth were higher than normal in 3 cases. 4) Administration of TRH caused a marked and rapid TSH release. 5) Thyroid hormone response to TSH was normal. The present findings suggest that in the anencephalic foetus both pituitary TSH-secreting cells and the thyroid gland do develop despite the absence of the hypothalamus and are able to function if adequately stimulated.

Anencephaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prothrombotic and prethrombotic markers in obese diabetic and non-diabetic subjects].

The Authors studied the behaviour of some prothrombotic (fibrinogen, factor VII, antithrombin III and tissue plasminogen activator) and prethrombotic (beta thromboglobulin, D-dimer) markers in a group of obese subjects in relation to various physiopathological parameters. The series consist of 93 obese subjects (29 m, 64 f, mean age 55 +/- 6 yrs, BMI 33 +/- 1), of whom 62 suffering from type 2 diabetes in good metabolic control obtained by oral hypoglycemic (42 cases) or insulin (20 cases) treatment. For each subject the Authors determined the plasmatic levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides (enzymatic method, Boehringer kits), fibrinogen (coagulometric method, Organon kit), factor VII (chromogenic method, IL kit), antithrombin III (chromogenic method, IL kit), tissue plasminogen, beta thromboglobulin and D-dimer (ELISA method, Boehringer kits). The results were examined in relation to sex, age, overweight degree, waist/thigh ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides and, for diabetics, to the therapeutical treatment. The fibrinogen plasma levels proved statistically (0.05) increased proportionally to the overweight degree (BMI over 35), cholesterol levels (over 250 mg%) and age (51-65 yrs); factor VII showed a significant increase (0.05) related to the cholesterol levels, the overweight degree and, surprisingly, to female sex; as regards antithrombin III, its sharp reduction was related with ageing and with the "gynoid type" waist/thigh ratio; tissue plasminogen activator showed a statistically significant reduction (0.05) in the group with older age (over 65 yrs); the beta thromboglobulin levels were obviously increased (0.05) in the hypercholesterolemic and hypertriglyceridemic subjects (over 250 mg%), the D-dimer values increased proportionally with age (0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗