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Biomedical subjects

D McChesney

Publications and source records attributed to D McChesney.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Quantitation of latent varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus genomes in human trigeminal ganglia.

Using real-time fluorescence PCR, we quantitated the numbers of copies of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) genomes in 15 human trigeminal ganglia. Eight (53%) and 1 (7%) of 15 ganglia were PCR positive for HSV-1 or -2 glycoprotein G genes, with means of 2,902 +/- 1,082 (standard error of the mean) or 109 genomes/10(5) cells, respectively. Eleven of 14 (79%) to 13 of 15 (87%) of the ganglia were PCR positive for VZV gene 29, 31, or 62. Pooling of the results for the three VZV genes yielded a mean of 258 +/- 38 genomes/10(5) ganglion cells. These levels of latent viral genome loads have implications for virus distribution in and reactivation from human sensory ganglia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The effect of cryosurgery and polymethylmethacrylate in dogs with experimental bone defects comparable to tumor defects.

The effects of liquid nitrogen (LN) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) on normal bone, bone graft incorporation, and reossification were evaluated by simulating a tumor in dogs with experimental bone cavity. Ten skeletally mature mongrel dogs (20 femora) were divided into three groups: Group I, controls; Group II, LN (with and without bone graft); and Group III, PMMA (with and without LN). Roentgenograms, whole-mount histology, and tetracycline fluorescence studies were performed on the distal femur. Correlation of these studies showed that (1) marked trabecular and bone necrosis, extending 7-12 mm around the circumference of the cavity, developed by three and seven weeks after LN but no bony necrosis occurred after PMMA; (2) the pattern of reossification following cryosurgery was delayed and abnormal, demonstrating increased calcification and metaplastic bone formation; (3) cryosurgery decreased the rate of bone graft incorporation; (4) the cryonecrotic rim following cryosurgery correlated with an abortive attempt at peripheral reossification; and (5) cryosurgery had no effect on the articular cartilage. Cryosurgery is effective in causing bone necrosis, whereas PMMA is not, and the pattern of reossification is delayed and altered by freezing. This study suggests that microvascular thrombosis with subsequent ischemic infarction of bone is a major cause of bone necrosis following cryosurgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Genital antibody response to a parenteral gonococcal pilus vaccine.

A parenteral gonococcal pilus vaccine which has previously been shown to be safe and antigenic also results in the production of specific local genital antibody. All three major antibody classes were present in the local secretions, but immunoglobulin A predominated, a portion of which is dimeric 11S immunoglobulin A. This mucosal antibody is also capable of blocking the attachment of gonococci to epithelial cells. The antibody cross-reacted with five heterologous pili in a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. These results are encouraging and suggest that a gonococcal pilus vaccine may be efficacious in preventing gonorrhea.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Gonococcal pilus vaccine. Studies of antigenicity and inhibition of attachment.

A gonococcal pilus vaccine or placebo was injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly into 71 human volunteers. The vaccine was found to be safe. The principal adverse reaction was a complaint of a sore arm, which was caused, at least in part, to the volume of material injected. 6 of 64 (9%) volunteers receiving the larger doses also complained of malaise. The vaccine was found to be antigenic. All of the volunteers developed an immunoglobulin class-specific antibody response as measured by a solid phase radioimmunoassay. The antibody was capable of blocking the attachment of gonococci to epithelial cells. A slight antibody response was also demonstrated to gonococcal lipopolysaccharide but the antibody responsible for blocking attachment of gonococci was directed entirely at the pilus protein. The stimulated antibodies were shown to crossreact with isolated pili of heterologous gonococcal strains and to block the attachment of heterologous gonococci. Absorption of immune sera by a heterologous pilus reduced the inhibition of attachment antibodies to pre-immune level, suggesting that the immune response was directed at a common pilus determinant.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗