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Biomedical subjects

D McGee

Publications and source records attributed to D McGee.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Trends of coronary heart disease among men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii.

The 15-year prospective study of cardiovascular disease among a cohort of Japanese men in Hawaii provided an opportunity to examine the temporal trends of coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and mortality rates and to compare them with Hawaii State CHD mortality rates. The State mortality records showed a decline in CHD mortality from 1968 to 1978 which was similar to the national trends. For more than 11,000 men of Japanese ancestry under surveillance, there was no evidence of declining rates for either CHD deaths or for total CHD incidence. There was also no change in case-fatality rates during this time. An explanation for these differences could not be provided but there was a suggestion that it involved changes in classification of some groups of cardiovascular disease and stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The impact of elevated blood pressure upon 10-year mortality among Japanese men in Hawaii: the Honolulu Heart Program.

The impact of blood pressure upon total and cause-specific mortality during 10 years of follow-up was studied for 7610 Japanese men in Hawaii, aged 45-68 at baseline examination. The age adjusted rate of total mortality for men with definite hypertension (WHO criteria) was twice that for normotensive men. The relative risk of mortality was five for all cardiovascular diseases (CVD), four for coronary heart disease (CHD), and six for stroke. Men with borderline hypertension also had significantly high mortality rates intermediate between the definite hypertensives and the normotensives. Both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were the most important independent predictors of total, CVD, CHD and stroke mortality in multivariate analysis, taking account of 11 other known risk factors. However, SBP was more strongly related to total, CVD and CHD mortality than was DBP, whereas the reverse was true for stroke mortality. There was no significant association of either SBP or DBP with cancer and other non-cardiovascular mortality in multivariate analysis. Men who were receiving antihypertensive medication at baseline examination had a higher mortality from CVD, CHD and stroke as compared to untreated men in every category of blood pressure status. This apparently paradoxical finding probably reflects more advanced status of hypertension existing before treatment rather than adverse effects of drugs per se; however, this latter possibility cannot be dismissed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Drinking habits and death. The Yugoslavia cardiovascular disease study.

In a prospective study of more than 10000 Yugoslav men it was found that consumption of alcoholic beverages was inversely related to non-sudden death from coronary heart disease (CHD) and positively related to death from trauma. The consequence was an apparently U-shaped relation between alcohol consumption and death, the lowest mortality being among moderate drinkers. Excess mortality from trauma was evident only among men under 55 and only for those who reported at entry to the study that they had been drunk during the preceding week. Alcohol consumption as reported at entry was unrelated to subsequent mortality from liver cirrhosis or any form of cancer. An enlarged liver, however, was associated with higher death rates for liver cirrhosis. This raises the possibility that some of the men were heavy drinkers preceding their entry to the study but were no longer drinking heavily at the time of entry. Enlarged liver, however, was also related to hypertension and to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and thus was not a specific indicator of alcohol abuse in this population. Recent drunkenness but not frequency of drinking was related to death from trauma and liver cirrhosis and to sudden CHD death. In short, both the pattern of drinking and the usual level of alcohol consumption appear to be related to mortality in this population.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Social networks and coronary heart disease among Japanese men in Hawaii.

A group of 4653 men of Japanese ancestry living in Hawaii were studied for the association of measures of social networks with both the prevalence and incidence rates of coronary heart disease (Honolulu Heart Program, 1971-1979). Prevalence rates for myocardial infarction, angina, and total coronary heart disease were inversely associated with the social network scales in bivariate analyses with age, and in multivariate analyses including 12 other risk factors. With the incidence data, the associations were less evident. Bivariate analysis with age revealed inverse associations for nonfatal myocardial infarction and total coronary heart disease with only one of the social network scales. With multivariate analyses, there was no significant association of any subgroup of coronary heart disease with any scale, although there was a borderline association (p = 0.08) of nonfatal myocardial infarction with one scale. No individual question was significantly associated with either prevalence or incidence rates for coronary heart disease. There was also little evidence of reduced risk of incident coronary heart disease associated with the social network scale for men in high risk categories of serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and cigarette smoking.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Glucose intolerance and nine-year mortality in Japanese men in Hawaii.

The relationship between glucose intolerance and nine-year mortality was examined in a cohort of approximately 8,000 men of Japanese ancestry living in Hawaii who were 45 to 68 years of age at baseline examination. Age-adjusted mortality for death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and causes other than cardiovascular disease and cancer were significantly higher in men with glucose intolerance, defined by either medication for diabetes or 1-hour post-load serum glucose levels above the 90th percentile cut-point (225 mg/dl) at baseline examination, than in normoglycemic men. Although many cardiovascular risk factors were found to be associated with glucose intolerance, both post-load serum glucose level and medication for diabetes remained significant as risk factors for overall, cardiovascular and coronary death in multivariate logistic analysis in which confounding effects of age, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, body mass index and other important risk factors were taken into account.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Within-person variability of nutrient intake in a group of Hawaiian men of Japanese ancestry.

Within-person variability of nutrient intake is examined using data on 7 consecutive days for 329 men. The variability of nutrient intake within persons differs for the nutrients examined. Some nutrients, such as starch, have small within-person components of variance and are therefore highly reliable even using a single 24-h recall. Others, such a polyunsaturated fatty acids, have large within-person components of variance and are thus less reliable. Within-person variability affects the power of a study to detect differences in nutrient intake between groups and also affects the magnitude of calculated correlation coefficients. For the least reliable nutrient it is estimated that the correlation would be attenuated to two-thirds its true size. Eating patterns in the cohort appear to be nonrandom. Using this nonrandomness of nutrient intake it may be possible to reduce the within-person component of variance using less recalls than is suggested if random eating patterns are assumed.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1982

Acculturation and coronary heart disease among Japanese men in Hawaii.

A cohort of 4653 men of Japanese ancestry living in Hawaii, with traditional Japanese social and cultural lifestyles, were studied for the association of the prevalence and incidence of coronary heart disease (Honolulu Heart Program, 1971-1979). Two of four scales of acculturation were significantly associated with coronary heart disease prevalence independently of 11 other risk factors, but none of the acculturation scales were associated with incidence appeared to be mostly due to the inclusion of fatal cases in the incidence data, although other explanations are possible. Measures of acculturation were also significantly associated wih many of the other coronary heart disease risk factors in such a way that the more traditional Japanese men had lower serum cholesterol and uric acid, were less obese, more physically active, and smoked fewer cigarettes than the more westernized men. A comparison of bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated that some of acculturation scales were indirectly associated with coronary heart disease because of the confounding association with the other risk factors.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1982

Drinking habits and other characteristics: the Yugoslavia Cardiovascular Disease Study.

In two large general populations of Yugoslav men from Tuzia, Bosnia, and Remetinec, Croatia, examined in 1964-1965, it was found that a greater alcohol consumption was accompanied by higher blood pressures, higher pulse rates, and higher concentrations of serum cholesterol and hematocrit. A greater consumption was also associated with an enlarged liver, as well as a higher prevalence rate of chronic bronchitis and thrombophlebitis. All these were statistically significant even after allowing for differences in cigarette smoking and demographic characteristics. Pulse rate, liver size, and varices appear to be specifically associated with a history of episodes of drunkenness. There were significant differences in drinking habits by place of residence, religious background, years of schooling, and kind of work. These were allowed for in evaluating the relationship of drinking to other characteristics. Two anomalous findings were low prevalence rates for diabetes and gastritis among those drinking most frequently.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Drinking habits and coronary heart disease: the Yugoslavia cardiovascular disease study.

In a prospective study of more than 10,000 Yugoslav men residing in Bosnia and Croatia, who were first examined in 1964--1965, consumption of alcoholic beverages was related inversely to the subsequent appearance of coronary heart disease clinically manifest as myocardial infarction or nonsudden coronary heart disease death. Consumption of alcoholic beverages was not so related to sudden cardiac death. Men who drank most frequently had half the subsequent incidence of overall coronary heart disease as men who seldom or never drank. This finding was true for urban residents only. Serum cholesterol and Quetelet index were also related to coronary heart disease in urban areas but not in rural areas. The inverse relation of alcohol consumption to coronary heart disease incidence was statistically significant even after taking into account differences in blood pressure, serum cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking and other variables. The apparent absence of protection against sudden death may be due to chance or it may reflect the deleterious effects of high alcohol consumption on the myocardial cells and increased vulnerability to lethal arrhythmias in an especially lean population. There is, in fact, a specific association of recent drunkenness with sudden death in this population. Conceivably, the acute effect of heavy drinking may be a dominant factor in the incidence of sudden death for this population.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum cholesterol and mortality: the Yugoslavia Cardiovascular Disease Study.

The relationship of level of baseline serum cholesterol to the seven-year incidence of death from all causes and from specific causes was examined in a cohort of 11,121 Yugoslav males aged 35--62 years at the time of their initial examination (1964--1965). Serum cholesterol was negatively related to mortality, i.e., those with a lower cholesterol experienced a higher mortality than those with a higher cholesterol. The negative relationship was significant (as assessed by logistic regression) and remained significant after adjusting for obesity, systolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking, age, history of intestinal parasitism, and socioeconomic status (as measured by years of education). The negative association of serum cholesterol and subsequent mortality appeared to be due to the relationship of cholesterol to deaths due to cancer and to deaths due to respiratory disease (tuberculosis and cor pulmonale). The cancer death-serum cholesterol relationship was not statistically significant but the respiratory disease death-serum cholesterol relationship was. Serum cholesterol, as expected, was positively related to the incidence of coronary heart disease death.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Frequency of alcohol consumption and morbidity and mortality: The Yugoslavia Cardiovascular Disease Study.

The association of frequency of alcohol consumption with the seven-year incidence of coronary heart-disease and with mortality both from all causes and from specific causes was examined in a cohort of 11 121 Yugoslav males aged 35-62 at the time of their initial examination. Consumption of alcohol seemed to be inversely related to incidence of coronary heart-disease morbidity and mortality, but not to risk of dying. Those consuming alcoholic beverages most frequently were at increased risk of death from stroke and accidents or violence. The frequency of alcohol consumption was associated with high blood-pressure and serum cholesterol levels. The associations with coronary heart disease and death from all causes could not be fully explained by these covariates.

Accidents↗
PubMed1976

A general cardiovascular risk profile: the Framingham Study.

Persons at high risk of cardiovascular disease can be effectively identified from a measurement of their serum cholesterol and blood pressure, a smoking history, an electrocardiogram and a determination of glucose intolerance. One general function for identifying persons at high risk of cardiovascular disease is also effective in identifying persons at risk for each of the specific diseases, coronary heart disease, atherothrombotic brain infarction, hypertensive heart disease and intermittent claudication, even though the variables used have a different impact on each particular disease. The 10 percent of persons identified with use of this function as at highest risk accounted for about one fifth of the 8 year incidence of coronary heart disease and about one third of the 8 year incidence of atherothrombotic brain infarction, hypertensive heart disease and intermittent claudication. Hence the function provides an economic and efficient method of identifying persons at high cardiovascular risk who need preventive treatment and persons at low risk who need not be alarmed about one moderately elevated risk characteristic.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Changes associated with quitting cigarette smoking: the Framingham Study.

During the first 18 years of the Framingham Study there was a substantial decrease (39 per cent ) in the number of men smoking cigarettes and a moderate decrease (22 per cent) in the number of women smoking cigarettes. Except for a greater tendency of diabetic patients to quit smoking, there were no significant differences at baseline between smokers who quit and smokers who continued smoking. After quitting there was a short-term rise in weight for men. This rise led only to trivial changes in blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels. There was a beneficial impact on long-term vital capacity trends from quitting smoking.

Adult↗