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Biomedical subjects

D Miner

Publications and source records attributed to D Miner.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

(S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir): results of a phase I/II study of a novel antiviral nucleotide analogue.

Cidofovir, (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine, is a novel antiviral nucleotide analogue with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against cytomegalovirus (CMV) and other herpesviruses. Thirty-one human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with asymptomatic CMV excretion were evaluated in a phase I/II study with 2 regimens of cidofovir: cidofovir alone at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, or 10.0 mg/kg/week (20 patients) and cidofovir at 3.0, 5.0, or 7.5 mg/kg with concomitant oral probenecid, saline prehydration, extended dosing intervals, and drug interruption for proteinuria (19 patients). Prolonged and dose-dependent anti-CMV effect was observed with all cidofovir regimens > or = 3.0 mg/kg. The dose-limiting toxicity of cidofovir was dose- and schedule-dependent nephrotoxicity. Four of 20 patients had serum creatinine levels > or = 2.0 mg/dL after a mean cumulative exposure of 14.8 mg/kg cidofovir alone; however, none of 19 patients receiving the modified regimen had elevated creatinine (mean cidofovir exposure, 32.2 mg/kg). The clinical efficacy of cidofovir and its potential for cumulative nephrotoxicity needs further study in patients with end-organ CMV disease.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1994

Treatment with intravenous (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]-cytosine of acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous infection with herpes simplex virus in a patient with AIDS.

(S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine (HPMPC) is a nucleotide analogue with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against a broad range of herpesviruses, including acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV). A patient with severe acyclovir-resistant perineal HSV infection received intravenous HPMPC at 5 mg/kg/week, with concomitant oral probenecid and prehydration, and had 95% healing after four infusions. The patient developed a hypersensitivity reaction to probenecid and discontinued HPMPC after the fourth infusion. Recurrence of the perineal lesions 2 weeks later prompted initiation of an oral desensitization program to probenecid and enabled the patient to resume therapy. The lesions again responded to infusions of HPMPC, but the drug was discontinued before complete healing because of transient nephrotoxicity (proteinuria, 2+; creatinine, 1.7 mg/dL). HPMPC is a potent antiviral agent that holds promise as a potential treatment for acyclovir-resistant HSV infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Inhibition of calcium oxalate crystal growth in vitro by uropontin: another member of the aspartic acid-rich protein superfamily.

The majority of human urinary stones are primarily composed of calcium salts. Although normal urine is frequently supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate, most humans do not form stones. Inhibitors are among the multiple factors that may influence the complex process of urinary stone formation. We have isolated an inhibitor of calcium oxalate crystal growth from human urine by monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and acidic amino acid content of this aspartic acid-rich protein, uropontin, are similar to those of other pontin proteins from bone, plasma, breast milk, and cells. The inhibitory effect of uropontin on calcium oxalate crystal growth in vitro supports the concept that pontins may have a regulatory role. This function would be analogous to that of other members of the aspartic acid-rich protein superfamily, which stereospecifically regulate the mineralization fronts of calcium-containing crystals.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Staffing formulas determine correct levels.

In this time of nursing shortages and cost containment, OR managers must determine the correct staffing for their hospital. They cannot afford to be overstaffed, nor can they risk being understaffed. This article will describe two staffing formulas and discuss RN-to-technologist ratios and personnel assigned per room.

Models, Theoretical↗
PubMed1989

Systemic doxorubicin and intraarterial cisplatin preoperative chemotherapy plus postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma.

The role of adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma has been well defined. Recently, the use of preoperative chemotherapy has been further enhanced by the use of intraarterial cisplatin. The authors describe the use and results of systemic doxorubicin and intraarterial cisplatin as a preoperative regimen for eight pediatric patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of an extremity. The therapy was well tolerated. Six patients achieved satisfactory local tumor control and were able to receive the surgical procedure to permit limb salvage. Two of these six patients subsequently developed metastatic disease. Of the two patients who did not achieve satisfactory local tumor control to permit a limb salvage procedure, both underwent amputation and one later developed metastatic disease. Five patients have remained continuously free of disease for a median of 18 months (range, 12-21 months). This report confirms the observations that intraarterial cisplatin and doxorubicin can be used as a safe and effective regimen preoperatively for pediatric patients with osteosarcoma of an extremity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trichomonas vaginalis: dominant G2 period and G2 phase arrest in a representative of an early branching eukaryotic lineage.

Eukaryotic mitotic cell cycles have been extensively studied in yeasts and vertebrate cells but little is known about cell cycle mechanisms in early branches of the eukaryotic lineage. Trichomonas vaginalis represents one of the earliest branching eukaryotic lineages available for study. In contrast with most yeasts and vertebrate cells, the T. vaginalis G2 period was prolonged, comprising 50 to 58% of the cell population. Hydroxyurea, aphidicolin, and excess thymidine, all of which arrest yeasts and vertebrate cells at the G1/S phase boundary, had no effect on the T. vaginalis cell cycle, probably due to the known absence of synthetic pathways. The anti-microtubule mitotic inhibitors, colchicine and nocodazole, induced G2 phase synchrony. Metronidazole, a therapeutic reagent, also caused G2 phase arrest. These observations suggest that T. vaginalis is similar to yeasts and vertebrate cells in G2 and M phases, but the parasite's G1/S phase transition is distinctive. The results also suggest potentially therapeutic, anti-trichomonad activity of microtubule inhibitors such as nocodazole. The cultured parasite may prove useful as a model for the mitotic cell cycle in the absence of G1/S phase transitional activities universal in yeasts and vertebrate cells.

Animals↗