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Biomedical subjects

D Mishra

Publications and source records attributed to D Mishra.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Molecular cloning and characterization of the macaque sperm associated antigen 9 (SPAG9): an orthologue of human SPAG9 gene.

The present study was conducted to isolate macaque proteomic homologue of human SPAG9 (EMBL nomenclature human sperm associated antigen 9: hSPAG9; Shankar et al., 1998: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 243:561-565) in order to find out whether the macaque can provide a suitable model for examining its immunocontraception effects. Macaque SPAG9 was cloned and sequenced from the macaque testis cDNA library. The macaque cDNA contained open reading frame encoding 712 amino acids. A 84.9% and 94% homology between macaque and human SPAG9 was found at protein and DNA levels. Northern analysis and RNA in situ hybridization experiments revealed testis- and stage-specific expressions of macaque SPAG9 mRNA, mainly confined to round spermatid suggesting haploid germ cell expression. Anti-human SPAG9 antibodies recognized native SPAG9 in macaque sperm extract in Western blotting and the acrosomal compartment region of macaque sperm in indirect immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry analysis further revealed surface localization of macaque SPAG9 in live macaque sperm. The amino acid sequence data for nonhuman primate SPAG9 suggest that antibodies generated by vaccinating macaque with hSPAG9 will recognize nonhuman primate SPAG9, supporting the testing of SPAG9 contraceptive vaccine based on hSPAG9 in the nonhuman primate model.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2005

Hereditary coagulation factor X deficiency.

Stuart Prower factor (Factor X) deficiency is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive coagulation disorder. We have come across three cases in the course of last 20 years at our institute. These patients presented with prolonged bleeding after minor trauma, epistaxis, subcutaneous bluish black nodules and two of them presented with history of consanguinity in parents. Hematological findings in correlation with clinical manifestations revealed severe factor X deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Use of oxide minerals to abate fluoride from water.

The removal of fluoride from aqueous solutions has been investigated using various oxide ores such as refractory grade bauxite, feed bauxite, manganese ore, and hydrated oxides of manganese ores (WAD). The refractory grade bauxite showed promising results. The studies were carried out as functions of contact time, pH, concentration of adsorbents, concentration of adsorbate, and temperature. The adsorption was rapid during the initial 5 min but equilibrium was attained within 120 min. The adsorption followed first-order kinetics. The present system followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Various thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy, entropy, and equilibrium constants were calculated. The isosteric heat calculations showed that the adsorption process followed a heterogeneous model.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Hepatitis C in childhood.

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is relatively low in childhood. Blood transfusion has been the principal route of acquisition in children but vertical transmission is gradually occupying primacy in the developed world. The risk of vertical transmission increases with higher maternal viraemia and human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) co-infection but current international guidelines do not suggest avoidance of vaginal delivery and breastfeeding to minimise the risk of vertical transmission. The diagnosis of perinatal transmission is different from that in older child or adult and detection of HCV-RNA is essential. Although the natural history of HCV infection in children is not well characterised, almost 50-80% will progress to chronic hepatitis among vertically infected and blood transfusion acquired hepatitis C cases. Children have a lower viral load, lower ALT values and milder histological derangement as compared to adults with chronic hepatitis C cases. Experience of treatment of chronic hepatitis C in children is limited and still evolving. Few patients achieve spontaneous remission and progression to a more severe liver disease might occur in adult life. Here, the natural history, diagnosis and management of HCV infection in children are discussed with special emphasis on features which are different from adults.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed2001

Kawasaki disease--atypical presentation.

Kawasaki disease, an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in many parts of the world. It predominantly affects children under 5 years of age and is diagnosed clinically by the presence of characteristic clinical signs. Atypical patients, often younger than 1 year of age, manifest few early signs, usually have an incorrect admitting diagnosis and suffer from high morbidity and mortality. We report the presentation, clinical course and follow-up of a 3-month-old infant with atypical Kawasaki disease.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Pyridoxine-dependent seizures: a case report and a critical review of the literature.

Pyridoxine-dependent seizures are a recognized, although rare, cause of intractable seizures in neonates. Patients with this autosomal recessive disorder have recurrent seizures that are resistant to conventional anticonvulsants but respond dramatically to intravenous administration of pyridoxine. Life-long supplementation with pyridoxine is required to prevent seizure recurrence. In the absence of a biological marker for the disease, clinical diagnosis is often delayed and severe neurological sequelae are common. Herein, we report on the clinical course of a neonate with pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Delayed normalization of the electroencephalogram and a normal developmental outcome (at 15 months of age) on a dose of 10 mg/kg pyridoxine are distinctive features of the present case. We also review recent clinical observations and neurochemical studies that have added to our knowledge of this disorder.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed2000

1,3,5-Trialkyl-2,4,6-triiodobenzenes: novel X-ray contrast agents for gastrointestinal imaging.

Examination of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been performed for decades using barium sulfate. Although this agent has many recognized limitations including extreme radiopacity, poor intrinsic affinity for the GI mucosa, and very high density, no alternative contrast agents have emerged which produce comparable or better contrast visualization. In fact, the various techniques of the GI radiologic examination (i.e., single contrast, double contrast, biphasic) were developed to compensate for its limitations. Each of these techniques requires complex patient manipulation to achieve adequate mucosal coating or compression to overcome the marked radiopacity of barium sulfate in order to obtain a diagnostically useful examination. A series of novel radiopaque oils, the 1,3, 5-trialkyl-2,4,6-triiodobenzenes, was designed to improve the efficacy, stability, and safety of barium formulations. These substances were prepared in two steps from 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene. Compound 17 (1,3,5-tri-n-hexyl-2,4,6-triiodobenzene), formulated as an oil-in-water emulsion, was found to be well-tolerated in rodents (mice, hamsters, rats) following acute oral and/or intraperitoneal administrations at 4 times the anticipated human clinical dose. No metabolism of 17 was detected in rat, hamster, dog, monkey, or human hepatic microsomes, suggesting the lack of oral toxicity was a consequence of poor absorption. In imaging experiments in dogs, emulsions of 17 have demonstrated excellent mucosal coating and improved radiodensity relative to barium sulfate suspensions. On the basis of the preliminary imaging and toxicity data, compound 17 was selected as a potential development candidate.

Absorption↗
PubMed1999

Helicobacter pylori in children.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is one of the most frequently encountered bacterial infections worldwide. Although strong epidemiological association exists between Hp infection and duodenal and gastric ulcers and gastric cancer in adults, the clinical spectrum of Hp infection in children is yet to be established. The increasing use of endoscopy as a diagnostic modality in gastroduodenal diseases in children has raised some questions regarding the role of Hp in causing symptoms in children and need for eradication therapy. Despite a variety of protocols, the standard therapy of Hp in children is still undecided. This article discusses the epidemiological and clinical spectrum of Hp infection in children and includes a review of various diagnostic modalities and treatment protocols for this infection.

Child↗